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The flux method of crystal growth is a method where the components of the desired substance are dissolved in a solvent (flux). The method is particularly suitable for crystals needing to be free from thermal strain. It takes place in a crucible made of highly stable, non-reactive material. For production of oxide crystals, metals such as platinum, tantalum, and niobium are common. Production of metallic crystals generally uses crucibles made from ceramics such as alumina, zirconia, and boron nitride. The crucibles and their contents are often isolated from the air for reaction, either by sealing them in a quartz ampoule or by using a furnace with atmosphere control. A saturated solution is prepared by keeping the constituents of the desired crystal and the flux at a temperature slightly ab

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  • Flux method (en)
  • 플럭스 방법 (ko)
  • Metoda flux-melt (pl)
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  • 플럭스 방법(flux method)은 물질을 구성하는 각각의 물질을 용매에 녹여 비교적 낮은 온도에서 결정을 성장시키는 것을 말한다. 이 방법은 열변형률이 적은 결정을 만드는 데 적합하고 보통 백금이나 알루미나로 만들어진 도가니 속에서 행해진다. 구성물을 용매에 넣고 포화온도보다 약간 높게 유지시킨 다음 천천히 온도를 낮추면서 결정을 생성킨다. 소금물에서 소금을 얻는 것도 이 방법에 포함된다. 물이라는 용매에 나트륨과 염소 이온을 포화가 될 때까지 녹이고 서서히 온도를 낮추어주며 결정을 얻는다. 결정은 도가니의 온도가 낮은 부분에서 생성되기도 하고 생성핵이 존재하여 여기서부터 생성이 시작되기도 한다. 그러나 이 방법을 통해서 길러지는 시료는 크기가 비교적 작다는 단점이 있다. (ko)
  • Metoda flux-melt (inaczej krystalizacja z roztworu bezwodnego) - metoda otrzymywania monokryształów polegająca na stosowaniu topników tworzących roztwór z krystalizowanym materiałem. W metodzie tej krystalizowaną mieszaninę podgrzewa się w platynowym tyglu stale mieszając, aż do uzyskania jednorodnego, bezwodnego roztworu. Powolne chłodzenie, które może trwać wiele dni, prowadzi do wykrystalizowania z roztworu monokryształów. Cały proces przebiega w warunkach normalnego ciśnienia. Metodą tą można wytwarzać kryształy raczej niskiej jakości, o ograniczonej jednorodności i czystości. (pl)
  • The flux method of crystal growth is a method where the components of the desired substance are dissolved in a solvent (flux). The method is particularly suitable for crystals needing to be free from thermal strain. It takes place in a crucible made of highly stable, non-reactive material. For production of oxide crystals, metals such as platinum, tantalum, and niobium are common. Production of metallic crystals generally uses crucibles made from ceramics such as alumina, zirconia, and boron nitride. The crucibles and their contents are often isolated from the air for reaction, either by sealing them in a quartz ampoule or by using a furnace with atmosphere control. A saturated solution is prepared by keeping the constituents of the desired crystal and the flux at a temperature slightly ab (en)
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  • The flux method of crystal growth is a method where the components of the desired substance are dissolved in a solvent (flux). The method is particularly suitable for crystals needing to be free from thermal strain. It takes place in a crucible made of highly stable, non-reactive material. For production of oxide crystals, metals such as platinum, tantalum, and niobium are common. Production of metallic crystals generally uses crucibles made from ceramics such as alumina, zirconia, and boron nitride. The crucibles and their contents are often isolated from the air for reaction, either by sealing them in a quartz ampoule or by using a furnace with atmosphere control. A saturated solution is prepared by keeping the constituents of the desired crystal and the flux at a temperature slightly above the saturation temperature long enough to form a complete solution. Then the crucible is cooled in order to allow the desired material to precipitate. Crystal formation can begin by spontaneous nucleation or may be encouraged by the use of a seed. As material precipitates out of the solution, the amount of solute in the flux decreases and the temperature at which the solution is saturated lowers. This process repeats itself as the furnace continues to cool until the solution reaches its melting point or the reaction is stopped artificially. In flux method synthesis, divergent crystal growth kinetics may emerge, with a small number of crystallites growing at the expense of neighbouring ones, resulting in abnormal grain growth. One advantage of this method is that the crystals grown often display natural facets, which often makes preparing crystals for measurement significantly easier. A disadvantage is that most flux method syntheses produce relatively small crystals. However, some materials such as the "115" heavy fermion superconductors (CeXIn5, X=Co,Ir,Rh) may grow up to a few centimeters. (en)
  • 플럭스 방법(flux method)은 물질을 구성하는 각각의 물질을 용매에 녹여 비교적 낮은 온도에서 결정을 성장시키는 것을 말한다. 이 방법은 열변형률이 적은 결정을 만드는 데 적합하고 보통 백금이나 알루미나로 만들어진 도가니 속에서 행해진다. 구성물을 용매에 넣고 포화온도보다 약간 높게 유지시킨 다음 천천히 온도를 낮추면서 결정을 생성킨다. 소금물에서 소금을 얻는 것도 이 방법에 포함된다. 물이라는 용매에 나트륨과 염소 이온을 포화가 될 때까지 녹이고 서서히 온도를 낮추어주며 결정을 얻는다. 결정은 도가니의 온도가 낮은 부분에서 생성되기도 하고 생성핵이 존재하여 여기서부터 생성이 시작되기도 한다. 그러나 이 방법을 통해서 길러지는 시료는 크기가 비교적 작다는 단점이 있다. (ko)
  • Metoda flux-melt (inaczej krystalizacja z roztworu bezwodnego) - metoda otrzymywania monokryształów polegająca na stosowaniu topników tworzących roztwór z krystalizowanym materiałem. W metodzie tej krystalizowaną mieszaninę podgrzewa się w platynowym tyglu stale mieszając, aż do uzyskania jednorodnego, bezwodnego roztworu. Powolne chłodzenie, które może trwać wiele dni, prowadzi do wykrystalizowania z roztworu monokryształów. Cały proces przebiega w warunkach normalnego ciśnienia. Metodą tą można wytwarzać kryształy raczej niskiej jakości, o ograniczonej jednorodności i czystości. (pl)
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