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Empress Liu (劉皇后, personal name unknown) (877–November 8, 943), formally Lady Dowager Xiande of Qin (秦國賢德太夫人), was the wife of Li Maozhen, the only ruler of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period state Qi. During Li Maozhen's reign as the independent Prince of Qi, she carried the title of empress (even though he never assumed the title of emperor). After he later submitted as the vassal of the new Later Tang, she became known as the Lady of Qin, and later Lady Dowager of Qin after his death.

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  • Empress Liu (Li Maozhen's wife) (en)
  • 刘皇后 (李茂贞) (zh)
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  • Empress Liu (劉皇后, personal name unknown) (877–November 8, 943), formally Lady Dowager Xiande of Qin (秦國賢德太夫人), was the wife of Li Maozhen, the only ruler of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period state Qi. During Li Maozhen's reign as the independent Prince of Qi, she carried the title of empress (even though he never assumed the title of emperor). After he later submitted as the vassal of the new Later Tang, she became known as the Lady of Qin, and later Lady Dowager of Qin after his death. (en)
  • 刘皇后（877年－943年），五代时期岐王李茂貞的皇后。由於缺乏相關記載，劉皇后的娘家名字己無法稽考. 天祐四年（907年），唐朝灭亡后，根据凤翔的军阀李茂贞因为国小兵弱，不敢称帝，依然用唐朝天祐年号，但是开岐王府，设置百官，自建宫殿，妻子称皇后，属下上书称为笺表，鞭、扇、号令都仿照皇帝。由于史料匮乏，李茂贞皇后的姓氏、生平皆无记载。现代研究者，據2001年發掘李茂貞及夫人劉氏（第六子李从曮母）合葬墓，获得的刘氏墓志推断，李从曮母劉氏即是李茂贞的皇后。 刘氏是岐州人，刘岳皇之女。李茂贞担任凤翔节度使时，其妻刘氏由秦国夫人进封为岐国夫人。劉氏是李茂貞的妾室的可能几乎没有，因為898年，李從曮已经出生，他当时应是作为正妻的刘氏所生。若是继妻，唐朝灭亡前，也已成为正妻。刘氏生下李繼曮后，还生下李繼昶、李繼昭、和三个女儿。后晋天福三年（938年），进封秦国太夫人。五年（940年）加号秦国贤德太夫人。八年（943年）十月八日，刘氏在鳳翔府第病逝，享年六十七。研究者认为，墓志未提及刘氏曾为皇后，是为避免僭越之嫌。 (zh)
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  • Empress Liu (劉皇后, personal name unknown) (877–November 8, 943), formally Lady Dowager Xiande of Qin (秦國賢德太夫人), was the wife of Li Maozhen, the only ruler of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period state Qi. During Li Maozhen's reign as the independent Prince of Qi, she carried the title of empress (even though he never assumed the title of emperor). After he later submitted as the vassal of the new Later Tang, she became known as the Lady of Qin, and later Lady Dowager of Qin after his death. (en)
  • 刘皇后（877年－943年），五代时期岐王李茂貞的皇后。由於缺乏相關記載，劉皇后的娘家名字己無法稽考. 天祐四年（907年），唐朝灭亡后，根据凤翔的军阀李茂贞因为国小兵弱，不敢称帝，依然用唐朝天祐年号，但是开岐王府，设置百官，自建宫殿，妻子称皇后，属下上书称为笺表，鞭、扇、号令都仿照皇帝。由于史料匮乏，李茂贞皇后的姓氏、生平皆无记载。现代研究者，據2001年發掘李茂貞及夫人劉氏（第六子李从曮母）合葬墓，获得的刘氏墓志推断，李从曮母劉氏即是李茂贞的皇后。 刘氏是岐州人，刘岳皇之女。李茂贞担任凤翔节度使时，其妻刘氏由秦国夫人进封为岐国夫人。劉氏是李茂貞的妾室的可能几乎没有，因為898年，李從曮已经出生，他当时应是作为正妻的刘氏所生。若是继妻，唐朝灭亡前，也已成为正妻。刘氏生下李繼曮后，还生下李繼昶、李繼昭、和三个女儿。后晋天福三年（938年），进封秦国太夫人。五年（940年）加号秦国贤德太夫人。八年（943年）十月八日，刘氏在鳳翔府第病逝，享年六十七。研究者认为，墓志未提及刘氏曾为皇后，是为避免僭越之嫌。 (zh)
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