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A current sheet is an electric current that is confined to a surface, rather than being spread through a volume of space. Current sheets feature in magnetohydrodynamics (MHD), the study of the behavior of electrically conductive fluids: if there is an electric current through part of the volume of such a fluid, magnetic forces tend to expel it from the fluid, compressing the current into thin layers that pass through the volume.

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  • Elektrische Stromschicht (de)
  • Current sheet (en)
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  • Eine elektrische Stromschicht (englisch current sheet) ist ein elektrischer Strom, der auf eine praktisch zweidimensionale Fläche begrenzt ist, also nicht ein ganzes Raumvolumen (etwa eines Leiters) durchdringt. Elektrische Stromschichten in astrophysikalischen Plasmen haben komplexe physikalische Eigenschaften und werden detailliert studiert. Eine geschlossene Lösung der generiert ebenfalls eine elektrische Stromschicht, die als „Harris-Stromschicht“ bekannt ist. Sehr dünne elektrische Stromschichten werden bei High-Electron-Mobility-Transistoren genutzt. (de)
  • A current sheet is an electric current that is confined to a surface, rather than being spread through a volume of space. Current sheets feature in magnetohydrodynamics (MHD), the study of the behavior of electrically conductive fluids: if there is an electric current through part of the volume of such a fluid, magnetic forces tend to expel it from the fluid, compressing the current into thin layers that pass through the volume. (en)
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  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Heliospheric-current-sheet.gif
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  • Eine elektrische Stromschicht (englisch current sheet) ist ein elektrischer Strom, der auf eine praktisch zweidimensionale Fläche begrenzt ist, also nicht ein ganzes Raumvolumen (etwa eines Leiters) durchdringt. Die größte bekannte elektrische Stromschicht im Sonnensystem ist die Heliosphärische Stromschicht, die sich – etwa 10 000 km dick – von der Sonne bis in den Kuiper-Gürtel erstreckt. In typischen Plasmen wie der Sonnenkorona können elektrische Stromschichten ein Verhältnis von Ausdehnung zu Durchmesser von bis zu 100 000:1 erreichen. (Zum Vergleich: die meisten Buchseiten haben ein Verhältnis von 2000:1). Elektrische Stromschichten in astrophysikalischen Plasmen haben komplexe physikalische Eigenschaften und werden detailliert studiert. Eine geschlossene Lösung der generiert ebenfalls eine elektrische Stromschicht, die als „Harris-Stromschicht“ bekannt ist. Sehr dünne elektrische Stromschichten werden bei High-Electron-Mobility-Transistoren genutzt. (de)
  • A current sheet is an electric current that is confined to a surface, rather than being spread through a volume of space. Current sheets feature in magnetohydrodynamics (MHD), the study of the behavior of electrically conductive fluids: if there is an electric current through part of the volume of such a fluid, magnetic forces tend to expel it from the fluid, compressing the current into thin layers that pass through the volume. The largest occurring current sheet in the Solar System is the so-called Heliospheric current sheet, which is about 10,000 km thick, and extends from the Sun and out beyond the orbit of Pluto. In astrophysical plasmas such as the solar corona, current sheets theoretically might have an aspect ratio (breadth divided by thickness) as high as 100,000:1. By contrast, the pages of most books have an aspect ratio close to 2000:1. Because current sheets are so thin in comparison to their size, they are often treated as if they have zero thickness; this is a result of the simplifying assumptions of ideal MHD. In reality, no current sheet may be infinitely thin because that would require infinitely fast motion of the charge carriers whose motion causes the current. Current sheets in plasmas store energy by increasing the energy density of the magnetic field. Many plasma instabilities arise near strong current sheets, which are prone to collapse, causing magnetic reconnection and rapidly releasing the stored energy. This process is the cause of solar flares and is one reason for the difficulty of magnetic confinement fusion, which requires strong electric currents in a hot plasma. (en)
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