Copeland's method is a ranked voting method based on a scoring system of pairwise "wins", "losses", and "ties". The method has a long history:
* Ramon Llull described the system in 1299, so it is sometimes referred to as "Llull's method"
* The Marquis de Condorcet described a similar system in the 1780s, so the method could be referred to as "Condorcet's method", but instead other systems were subsequently devised that choose the Condorcet winner.
* Arthur Herbert Copeland described the system in the 1950s, so it has been frequently been called "Copeland's method".
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| - Copeland's method (en)
- Méthode de Copeland (fr)
- Metodo Copeland (it)
- Método de Copeland (pt)
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| - La méthode de Copeland ou la méthode d'agrégation par paires de Copeland est une méthode Condorcet, dans laquelle les candidats sont classés par le nombre de victoires par paires, moins le nombre de défaites par paires. Elle satisfait le critère de Smith. Elle a été inventée par Ramon Llull dans son traité Ars Electionis de 1299, mais sa forme ne comptait que les victoires par paires et non les défaites (ce qui pourrait conduire à un résultat différent en cas d'égalité par paires). (fr)
- Il metodo Copeland o il metodo di aggregazione a coppie di Copeland è un metodo Condorcet Smith-efficiente in cui i candidati sono ordinati in base al numero di vittorie a coppie, meno il numero di sconfitte a coppie. Fu inventato da Ramon Llull nel suo trattato del 1299 Ars Electionis, ma la sua forma contava solo vittorie a coppie e non sconfitte (il che poteva portare a un risultato diverso nel caso di un pareggio a coppie). (it)
- O método de Copeland ou o método de agregação de pares de Copeland é um método de Condorcet Smith-eficiente, no qual os candidatos são ordenados pelo número de vitórias aos pares (o número de outros candidatos que, numa eleição entre esse candidato e o outro candidato, mais eleitores preferem o primeiro candidato ao outro candidato), menos o número de derrotas aos pares. Foi inventado por Ramon Llull em seu tratado de 1299, Ars Electionis, mas sua forma contava só as vitórias aos pares e não derrotas (o que poderia levar a um resultado diferente no caso de empate aos pares). (pt)
- Copeland's method is a ranked voting method based on a scoring system of pairwise "wins", "losses", and "ties". The method has a long history:
* Ramon Llull described the system in 1299, so it is sometimes referred to as "Llull's method"
* The Marquis de Condorcet described a similar system in the 1780s, so the method could be referred to as "Condorcet's method", but instead other systems were subsequently devised that choose the Condorcet winner.
* Arthur Herbert Copeland described the system in the 1950s, so it has been frequently been called "Copeland's method". (en)
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| - Copeland's method is a ranked voting method based on a scoring system of pairwise "wins", "losses", and "ties". The method has a long history:
* Ramon Llull described the system in 1299, so it is sometimes referred to as "Llull's method"
* The Marquis de Condorcet described a similar system in the 1780s, so the method could be referred to as "Condorcet's method", but instead other systems were subsequently devised that choose the Condorcet winner.
* Arthur Herbert Copeland described the system in the 1950s, so it has been frequently been called "Copeland's method". Each voter is asked to rank candidates in order of preference. A candidate A is said to have majority preference over another candidate B if more voters prefer A to B than prefer B to A; if the numbers are equal then there is a preference tie. The Copeland score for a candidate is the number of other candidates over whom they have a majority preference plus half the number of candidates with whom they have a preference tie. The winner of the election under Copeland's method is the candidate with the highest Copeland score; under Condorcet's method this candidate wins only if they have the maximum possible score of n − 1 where n is the number of candidates. Hence victory under this system amounts to satisfying the Condorcet criterion. Any voting method satisfying the Condorcet winner criterion may sometimes be referred to as "a Condorcet method". Other methods that satisfy the Condorcet winner criterion include the Kemeny–Young method, the Schulze method, and Minimax. (en)
- La méthode de Copeland ou la méthode d'agrégation par paires de Copeland est une méthode Condorcet, dans laquelle les candidats sont classés par le nombre de victoires par paires, moins le nombre de défaites par paires. Elle satisfait le critère de Smith. Elle a été inventée par Ramon Llull dans son traité Ars Electionis de 1299, mais sa forme ne comptait que les victoires par paires et non les défaites (ce qui pourrait conduire à un résultat différent en cas d'égalité par paires). (fr)
- Il metodo Copeland o il metodo di aggregazione a coppie di Copeland è un metodo Condorcet Smith-efficiente in cui i candidati sono ordinati in base al numero di vittorie a coppie, meno il numero di sconfitte a coppie. Fu inventato da Ramon Llull nel suo trattato del 1299 Ars Electionis, ma la sua forma contava solo vittorie a coppie e non sconfitte (il che poteva portare a un risultato diverso nel caso di un pareggio a coppie). (it)
- O método de Copeland ou o método de agregação de pares de Copeland é um método de Condorcet Smith-eficiente, no qual os candidatos são ordenados pelo número de vitórias aos pares (o número de outros candidatos que, numa eleição entre esse candidato e o outro candidato, mais eleitores preferem o primeiro candidato ao outro candidato), menos o número de derrotas aos pares. Foi inventado por Ramon Llull em seu tratado de 1299, Ars Electionis, mas sua forma contava só as vitórias aos pares e não derrotas (o que poderia levar a um resultado diferente no caso de empate aos pares). (pt)
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