Chiral magnetic effect (CME) is the generation of electric current along an external magnetic field induced by chirality imbalance. Fermions are said to be chiral if they keep a definite projection of spin quantum number on momentum. The CME is a macroscopic quantum phenomenon present in systems with charged chiral fermions, such as the quark–gluon plasma, or Dirac and Weyl semimetals. The CME is a consequence of chiral anomaly in quantum field theory; unlike conventional superconductivity or superfluidity, it does not require a spontaneous symmetry breaking. The chiral magnetic current is non-dissipative, because it is topologically protected: the imbalance between the densities of left-handed and right-handed chiral fermions is linked to the topology of fields in gauge theory by the Atiy
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| - Chiral magnetic effect (en)
- Effet magnétique chiral (fr)
- Efeito magnético quiral (pt)
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| - Chiral magnetic effect (CME) is the generation of electric current along an external magnetic field induced by chirality imbalance. Fermions are said to be chiral if they keep a definite projection of spin quantum number on momentum. The CME is a macroscopic quantum phenomenon present in systems with charged chiral fermions, such as the quark–gluon plasma, or Dirac and Weyl semimetals. The CME is a consequence of chiral anomaly in quantum field theory; unlike conventional superconductivity or superfluidity, it does not require a spontaneous symmetry breaking. The chiral magnetic current is non-dissipative, because it is topologically protected: the imbalance between the densities of left-handed and right-handed chiral fermions is linked to the topology of fields in gauge theory by the Atiy (en)
- L'effet magnétique chiral (CME) est la génération de courant électrique le long d'un champ magnétique externe induit par un déséquilibre de chiralité. Le CME est un phénomène quantique macroscopique présent dans les systèmes à fermions chiraux chargés, tels que le Plasma quarks-gluons, ou les semi-métaux de Dirac et de Weyl. Le CME est une conséquence d'une anomalie chirale dans la théorie quantique des champs; contrairement à la supraconductivité ou à la superfluidité conventionnelle, elle ne nécessite pas de rupture de symétrie spontanée. Le courant magnétique chiral est non dissipatif, car il est topologiquement protégé: le déséquilibre entre les densités des fermions chiraux gauchers et droitiers est lié à la topologie des champs en théorie des jauges par le théorème d'indice Atiyah-Si (fr)
- O efeito magnético quiral (CME) é um efeito quântico macroscópico de geração de corrente elétrica ao longo de um campo magnético externo induzido pelo desequilíbrio da quiralidade. Os férmions são considerados quirais se mantiverem uma projeção definida do número quântico de spin no momento. O CME é um fenômeno quântico macroscópico presente em sistemas com férmions quirais carregados, como o plasma quark-gluon ou e . O CME é uma consequência da anomalia quiral na teoria quântica de campos; ao contrário da supercondutividade ou superfluidez convencionais, não requer uma quebra espontânea de simetria. A corrente magnética quiral é não dissipativa, porque é topologicamente protegida: o desequilíbrio entre as densidades dos férmions quirais canhotos e destros está ligado à topologia dos camp (pt)
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| - Chiral magnetic effect (CME) is the generation of electric current along an external magnetic field induced by chirality imbalance. Fermions are said to be chiral if they keep a definite projection of spin quantum number on momentum. The CME is a macroscopic quantum phenomenon present in systems with charged chiral fermions, such as the quark–gluon plasma, or Dirac and Weyl semimetals. The CME is a consequence of chiral anomaly in quantum field theory; unlike conventional superconductivity or superfluidity, it does not require a spontaneous symmetry breaking. The chiral magnetic current is non-dissipative, because it is topologically protected: the imbalance between the densities of left-handed and right-handed chiral fermions is linked to the topology of fields in gauge theory by the Atiyah-Singer index theorem. The experimental observation of CME in a Dirac semimetal ZrTe5 was reported in 2014 by a group from Brookhaven National Laboratory and Stony Brook University. The material showed a conductivity increase in the Lorentz force-free configuration of the parallel magnetic and electric fields. In 2015, the STAR detector at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, Brookhaven National Laboratory and ALICE: A Large Ion Collider Experiment at the Large Hadron Collider, CERN presented an experimental evidence for the existence of CME in the quark–gluon plasma. (en)
- L'effet magnétique chiral (CME) est la génération de courant électrique le long d'un champ magnétique externe induit par un déséquilibre de chiralité. Le CME est un phénomène quantique macroscopique présent dans les systèmes à fermions chiraux chargés, tels que le Plasma quarks-gluons, ou les semi-métaux de Dirac et de Weyl. Le CME est une conséquence d'une anomalie chirale dans la théorie quantique des champs; contrairement à la supraconductivité ou à la superfluidité conventionnelle, elle ne nécessite pas de rupture de symétrie spontanée. Le courant magnétique chiral est non dissipatif, car il est topologiquement protégé: le déséquilibre entre les densités des fermions chiraux gauchers et droitiers est lié à la topologie des champs en théorie des jauges par le théorème d'indice Atiyah-Singer. L'observation expérimentale de la CME dans un semi-métal de Dirac ZrTe5 a été rapportée en 2014 par un groupe du Brookhaven National Laboratory et de la Stony Brook University. Le détecteur STAR du Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, Brookhaven National Laboratory et ALICE (une expérience de collisions entre ions lourds au Large Hadron Collider du CERN) présentent une preuve expérimentale de l'existence de CME dans le plasma quarks-gluons. (fr)
- O efeito magnético quiral (CME) é um efeito quântico macroscópico de geração de corrente elétrica ao longo de um campo magnético externo induzido pelo desequilíbrio da quiralidade. Os férmions são considerados quirais se mantiverem uma projeção definida do número quântico de spin no momento. O CME é um fenômeno quântico macroscópico presente em sistemas com férmions quirais carregados, como o plasma quark-gluon ou e . O CME é uma consequência da anomalia quiral na teoria quântica de campos; ao contrário da supercondutividade ou superfluidez convencionais, não requer uma quebra espontânea de simetria. A corrente magnética quiral é não dissipativa, porque é topologicamente protegida: o desequilíbrio entre as densidades dos férmions quirais canhotos e destros está ligado à topologia dos campos na teoria de calibre pelo teorema do índice de Atiyah-Singer. (pt)
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