Sir Charles Alexander Fleming KBE FRS FRSNZ FRAOU (9 September 1916 – 11 September 1987) was a New Zealand geologist, ornithologist, molluscan palaeontologist and environmentalist. He spent the last twenty years of his life studying the evolution and systematics of New Zealand cicadas. Fleming graduated from the University of Auckland in 1952 with a doctoral thesis on the geology of Whanganui. In 1997, Trevor H. Worthy commemorated Charles Fleming in the species' epithet of the prehistoric rail Pleistorallus flemingi from the mid-Pleistocene of New Zealand.