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Ceyuan haijing (simplified Chinese: 测圆海镜; traditional Chinese: 測圓海鏡; pinyin: cè yuán hǎi jìng; lit. 'sea mirror of circle measurements') is a treatise on solving geometry problems with the algebra of Tian yuan shu written by the mathematician Li Zhi in 1248 in the time of the Mongol Empire. It is a collection of 692 formula and 170 problems, all derived from the same master diagram of a round town inscribed in a right triangle and a square. They often involve two people who walk on straight lines until they can see each other, meet or reach a tree or pagoda in a certain spot. It is an algebraic geometry book, the purpose of book is to study intricated geometrical relations by algebra.

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  • Ceyuan haijing (en)
  • 测圆海镜 (zh)
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  • 《测圆海镜》是中国金代数学家李冶的代表作，于公元1248年写成。全书一共十二卷，由一百七十个问题组成。书中对勾股容圆的问题进行了探讨，系统地建立了“天元术”（列一元方程的方法）来解决几何问题。《测圆海镜》被认为是中国现存的第一部天元术著作。天元术是对具体问题列出方程而后求解的方法。天元术于宋金时期开始发展，到元朝达到一个高峰。在《测圆海镜》问世之前，中国虽有以天人代表未知数用以布列方程和多项式的工作，但早期著作已失，仅存被引用的一些片段。李冶在《测圆海镜》中系统而概括地总结了天元术，用“天元”代替未知数，列出方程，然后求解。 (zh)
  • Ceyuan haijing (simplified Chinese: 测圆海镜; traditional Chinese: 測圓海鏡; pinyin: cè yuán hǎi jìng; lit. 'sea mirror of circle measurements') is a treatise on solving geometry problems with the algebra of Tian yuan shu written by the mathematician Li Zhi in 1248 in the time of the Mongol Empire. It is a collection of 692 formula and 170 problems, all derived from the same master diagram of a round town inscribed in a right triangle and a square. They often involve two people who walk on straight lines until they can see each other, meet or reach a tree or pagoda in a certain spot. It is an algebraic geometry book, the purpose of book is to study intricated geometrical relations by algebra. (en)
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  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/圆城图式.jpg
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  • sea mirror of circle measurements (en)
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  • cè yuán hǎi jìng (en)
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  • 测圆海镜 (en)
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  • 測圓海鏡 (en)
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  • Ceyuan haijing (simplified Chinese: 测圆海镜; traditional Chinese: 測圓海鏡; pinyin: cè yuán hǎi jìng; lit. 'sea mirror of circle measurements') is a treatise on solving geometry problems with the algebra of Tian yuan shu written by the mathematician Li Zhi in 1248 in the time of the Mongol Empire. It is a collection of 692 formula and 170 problems, all derived from the same master diagram of a round town inscribed in a right triangle and a square. They often involve two people who walk on straight lines until they can see each other, meet or reach a tree or pagoda in a certain spot. It is an algebraic geometry book, the purpose of book is to study intricated geometrical relations by algebra. Majority of the geometry problems are solved by polynomial equations, which are represented using a method called tian yuan shu, "coefficient array method" or literally "method of the celestial unknown". Li Zhi is the earliest extant source of this method, though it was known before him in some form. It is a positional system of rod numerals to represent polynomial equations. Ceyuan haijing was first introduced to the west by the British Protestant Christian missionary to China, Alexander Wylie in his book Notes on Chinese Literature, 1902. He wrote: The first page has a diagram of a circle contained in a triangle, which is dissected into 15 figures; the definition and ratios of the several parts are then given, and there are followed by 170 problems, in which the principle of the new science are seen to advantage. There is an exposition and scholia throughout by the author. This treatise consists of 12 volumes. (en)
  • 《测圆海镜》是中国金代数学家李冶的代表作，于公元1248年写成。全书一共十二卷，由一百七十个问题组成。书中对勾股容圆的问题进行了探讨，系统地建立了“天元术”（列一元方程的方法）来解决几何问题。《测圆海镜》被认为是中国现存的第一部天元术著作。天元术是对具体问题列出方程而后求解的方法。天元术于宋金时期开始发展，到元朝达到一个高峰。在《测圆海镜》问世之前，中国虽有以天人代表未知数用以布列方程和多项式的工作，但早期著作已失，仅存被引用的一些片段。李冶在《测圆海镜》中系统而概括地总结了天元术，用“天元”代替未知数，列出方程，然后求解。 (zh)
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