Anatoly Rybakov (Russian: Анатолий Рыбаков; born 30 January 1956) is a Soviet swimmer who won a silver medal in the 4 × 100 m freestyle relay at the 1974 European Aquatics Championships and a bronze medal in the 4 × 200 m freestyle relay at the 1975 World Aquatics Championships. In 1975, he set European records in the 4 × 100 m and 4 × 200 m relays.