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American Indian boarding schools, also known more recently as American Indian residential schools, were established in the United States from the mid 17th to the early 20th centuries with a primary objective of "civilizing" or assimilating Native American children and youth into Euro-American culture. In the process, these schools denigrated Native American culture and made children give up their languages and religion. At the same time the schools provided a basic Western education. These boarding schools were first established by Christian missionaries of various denominations. The missionaries were often approved by the federal government to start both missions and schools on reservations, especially in the lightly populated areas of the West. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries e

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  • American Indian boarding schools (en)
  • Pensionnats pour Autochtones aux États-Unis (fr)
  • インディアン寄宿学校 (ja)
  • Indian Boarding School (nl)
  • Индейские школы-интернаты (ru)
  • 美国的印第安人寄宿学校 (zh)
  • Інтернати американських індіанців (uk)
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  • インディアン寄宿学校(インディアンきしゅくがっこう、Indian boarding school)とは、19世紀後半から20世紀にかけて主としてアメリカ合衆国やカナダで作られたインディアンの若年者を同化教育(Americanization)するための私立施設。 (ja)
  • 美国印第安人寄宿学校存在于17世纪中期至20世纪,目标为使美洲原住民儿童“开化”,即融入欧洲文化。学校采用西式教育,强迫原住民儿童放弃原有的语言和信仰。 印第安人寄宿学校最初由不同教派的基督教传教士建立,美国联邦政府亦经常授权传教士在印第安人保留地开设寄宿学校。 19世纪末至20世纪初,美国政府正式要求为保留地儿童提供基础教育。 寄宿学校会使原住民儿童”沉浸“在西方文化中,并采取各种手段抹去他们身上的”土著印记“,将他们”基督教化“,包括剪去长发、发放美式校服、禁止说土著语言、强制使用英语名字等等。 寄宿学校的管理通常极为苛刻。学校的环境卫生也饱受诟病,时有学生因传染病死去。20世纪后期的一项调查显示,许多寄宿学校对学生施加了性虐待、强迫劳动、身体虐待和精神虐待。 20世纪后期以降,原住民部落通过各种方式使联邦通过立法,赋予他们自主使用、决定如何教育孩子的权利,原住民部落还在保留地内建立了多所大学和。 到2007年,大多数印第安人寄宿学校已经关闭,寄宿学校内的原住民儿童下降到9500名。 仍有数百名已故的原住民儿童尚未找到,在全美国范围内,相关事件的调查已经大规模开展。 (zh)
  • Індіанська школа-інтернат (англ. Indian boarding school) — тип школи, більшість з яких було засновано в США в кінці XIX — початку XX століття з метою залучення дітей індіанців до способу життя білих американців. (uk)
  • Индейская школа-интернат, англ. Indian boarding school — тип школы, множество которых было основано в США в конце XIX — начале XX века с целью приобщения детей индейцев к образу жизни белых американцев. (ru)
  • American Indian boarding schools, also known more recently as American Indian residential schools, were established in the United States from the mid 17th to the early 20th centuries with a primary objective of "civilizing" or assimilating Native American children and youth into Euro-American culture. In the process, these schools denigrated Native American culture and made children give up their languages and religion. At the same time the schools provided a basic Western education. These boarding schools were first established by Christian missionaries of various denominations. The missionaries were often approved by the federal government to start both missions and schools on reservations, especially in the lightly populated areas of the West. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries e (en)
  • Les pensionnats pour Autochtones aux États-Unis (American Indian boarding schools), appelés aussi écoles résidentielles pour Indiens (Indian Residential Schools), sont un réseau de pensionnats instaurés aux États-Unis dès le début du XIXe siècle et jusqu'au milieu du XXe siècle dans l'intention de « civiliser » les enfants et jeunes autochtones des États-Unis ou de les assimiler dans la culture euro-américaine. Dans ce processus d'acculturation, les écoles dénigraient la culture des premiers habitants des États-Unis et les enfants devaient abandonner leur langue et leur religion. En parallèle, les élèves recevaient une instruction élémentaire centrée sur les thèmes euro-américains. (fr)
  • De Indian Boarding Schools, ofwel kostscholen voor indianen, waren vanaf circa 1880 tot de jaren 70 van de 20e eeuw opvoedingsinstituten voor indiaanse kinderen in de Verenigde Staten van Amerika. Op deze scholen probeerde men de leerlingen hun traditionele leefwijze af te leren ten gunste van westerse normen en waarden, inclusief het christendom. (nl)
rdfs:seeAlso
foaf:depiction
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Carlisle_pupils.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/1890s-Mary_R._Hyde,_matron,_and_students_at_Carlisle_Indian_Training_School,_Carlisle_Barracks,_Pennsylvania.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Fort_Totten_Historic_Site_1.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Fort_Totten_Historic_Site_2.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Girls_quarters_and_academic_building,_Indian_School,_Pipestone,_MN.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Indian_boarding_school-outside_exercise.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Native_American_boarding_school-Six_students_posed_in_room.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Native_American_boarding_school-Teacher_and_young_boys_posed_for_photograph.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Native_American_boarding_school-Thanksgiving_Day_play.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Native_American_boarding_school-Young_boys_eating_in_the_dining_hall.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Native_American_boarding_school-Young_woman_and_young_man_standing_at_a_church_altar_with_a_priest.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Native_American_boarding_school-school_gardens.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Oneida_Indian_Boarding_School,_c.1919.png
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Students_and_staff,_Hope_Indian_School,_Springfield,_South_Dakota.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/White_Earth_boarding_school_band.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Chiricahua_Apaches_Four_Months_After_Arriving_at_Carlisle.jpg
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