About: Alexander John Nicholson

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Alexander John Nicholson (25 March 1895 – 28 October 1969) was an Irish Australian entomologist who specialized in insect population dynamics. He was Chief of the CSIR / CSIRO Division of Economic Entomology for 24 years and is credited with initiating the professional era in Australian entomology. He was a Foundation Fellow of the Australian Academy of Science. Nicholson was born in Ireland. He studied at the University of Birmingham and served in the British military in World War I. He came to Australia in 1921. He is notable for the Nicholson–Bailey model.

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rdfs:label	Alexander John Nicholson (en)
rdfs:comment	Alexander John Nicholson (25 March 1895 – 28 October 1969) was an Irish Australian entomologist who specialized in insect population dynamics. He was Chief of the CSIR / CSIRO Division of Economic Entomology for 24 years and is credited with initiating the professional era in Australian entomology. He was a Foundation Fellow of the Australian Academy of Science. Nicholson was born in Ireland. He studied at the University of Birmingham and served in the British military in World War I. He came to Australia in 1921. He is notable for the Nicholson–Bailey model. (en)
dcterms:subject	1895 births 1969 deaths British emigrants to Australia Commanders of the Order of the British Empire Fellows of the Australian Academy of Science Fellows of the Royal Entomological Society Australian people of Irish descent 20th-century Australian zoologists Australian entomologists
Wikipage page ID	12995486 (xsd:integer)
Wikipage revision ID	1098005345 (xsd:integer)
Link from a Wikipage to another Wikipage	University of Birmingham 1895 births 1969 deaths Entomologist Calliphoridae Nicholson–Bailey model British emigrants to Australia Commanders of the Order of the British Empire Fellows of the Australian Academy of Science Fellows of the Royal Entomological Society Fellow of the Australian Academy of Science Joseph Garnett Wood Population dynamics Australian people of Irish descent 20th-century Australian zoologists Australian entomologists Edward de Courcy Clarke Clarke Medal Irish Australian Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization
Link from a Wikipage to an external page	https://australian.museum/learn/animals/insects/australian-sheep-blowfly/ https://platform.virdocs.com/r/s/0/doc/1542782/sp/169683159/mi/551512561%3Fcfi=%2F4%2F2%2F2%2F12%2F6%2F6%2C%2F3%3A32%2C%2F3%3A32 https://www.jstor.org/stable/4241%3Fseq=1
sameAs	Alexander John Nicholson Alexander John Nicholson Alexander John Nicholson Alexander John Nicholson Alexander John Nicholson Alexander John Nicholson Alexander John Nicholson
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title	Clarke Medal
years	1953 (xsd:integer)
has abstract	Alexander John Nicholson (25 March 1895 – 28 October 1969) was an Irish Australian entomologist who specialized in insect population dynamics. He was Chief of the CSIR / CSIRO Division of Economic Entomology for 24 years and is credited with initiating the professional era in Australian entomology. He was a Foundation Fellow of the Australian Academy of Science. Nicholson was born in Ireland. He studied at the University of Birmingham and served in the British military in World War I. He came to Australia in 1921. ExperimentsHe performed his experiments of population dynamics on the Sheep blowfly. The interesting thing about sheep blowfly females is that they must receive a meal before laying eggs near the tail or by exposed wounds. Next, the maggots hatch from the eggs, feeding on flesh of the sheep which makes them grow bigger. The sheep possibly die when the maggots penetrate the skin and feed on their internal organs. Due to the need of a meal for blowfly females to lay eggs, density dependence effects on their populations was studied by Nicholson. Findings and ConclusionsIn Nicholson's first experiment he gave an abundance of food to the adult blowflies so females could lay eggs [1], therefore leading to a massive amount of eggs laid. Then he made sure maggots only had 50 grams of food per day. So after the eggs hatched almost all of the maggots died prior to adulthood. This led to a decline in adult populations and then the population reached such low numbers that the eggs actually produced had ample food to reach adulthood. Hence, the adult population rose again, creating a constant cycle [2]. In the second experiment he limited the amount of food for both maggots and adults. This resulted in a population increase until it hit the carrying capacity [3]. This experiment exhibited the effects of density dependence on population. He is notable for the Nicholson–Bailey model. (en)
gold:hypernym	Entomologist

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