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| - فتوى شلتوت هي فتوى تُنسب إلى شيخ الأزهر محمود شلتوت، قيل أنها صدرت في 17 ربيع الأول 1378 هـ / 1959 م، أجاز فيها التعبّد بالمذهب الشيعي الجعفري باعتباره مذهباً إسلامياً كالمذاهب السنية الأربعة (الحنفية والمالكية والشافعية والحنبلية). وشلتوت هو أحد الأعضاء المؤسسين لدار التقريب بين المذاهب الإسلامية التي كانت تعمل على التقريب بين السنة والشيعة. (ar)
- Al-Azhar Syiah Fatwa atau Fatwa Syekh Syaltut tentang Syiah, yang dalam bahasa Arab dikenal sebagai Fatwa Syaltut, adalah sebuah fatwa Islam yang dikeluarkan pada tahun 1959 dengan topik hubungan Syiah-Sunni oleh ulama Sunni Syekh Mahmud Syaltut. Di bawah Syaltut, kegiatan ekumenis Sunni-Syiah akan mencapai puncaknya. (in)
- The Al-Azhar Shia Fatwa, known in Arabic as The Shaltoot Fatwa (Arabic: فتوى شلتوت), is an Islamic fatwa issued in 1959 on the topic of Shi'a–Sunni relations by Sunni scholar Shaikh Mahmood Shaltoot. Under Shaltut, Sunni-Shia ecumenical activities would reach their zenith. This rare fatwa, which admits Shias, Alawites, and Druze, who had been considered heretics and idolaters for hundreds of years, into mainstream Islam has been viewed as being inspired by Egyptian president Gamal Abdel Nasser. Nasser saw it as a tool to spread his appeal and influence across the entire Arab world. (en)
- La Fatwa sullo sciismo di al-Azhar (in arabo: فتوى شلتوت, Fatwā Shaltūt, ossia "La fatwa di Shaltūt") è una fatwā emessa nel 1959 dal Grande Imam di al-Azhar Muḥammad Shaltūt e riguardante le relazioni tra le due diverse espressioni dell'Islam: quella del sunnismo e quella dello sciismo. Sotto la guida di Shaltūt, le relazioni tra sunnismo e sciismo conobbero infatti un fondamentale momento di intesa,grazie ai fruttuosi colloqui che il Grande Imam aveva intrattenuto con il Grande Ayatollah iraniano Sayyid Hossein Tabataba'i Borujerdi. (it)
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| - فتوى شلتوت هي فتوى تُنسب إلى شيخ الأزهر محمود شلتوت، قيل أنها صدرت في 17 ربيع الأول 1378 هـ / 1959 م، أجاز فيها التعبّد بالمذهب الشيعي الجعفري باعتباره مذهباً إسلامياً كالمذاهب السنية الأربعة (الحنفية والمالكية والشافعية والحنبلية). وشلتوت هو أحد الأعضاء المؤسسين لدار التقريب بين المذاهب الإسلامية التي كانت تعمل على التقريب بين السنة والشيعة. (ar)
- The Al-Azhar Shia Fatwa, known in Arabic as The Shaltoot Fatwa (Arabic: فتوى شلتوت), is an Islamic fatwa issued in 1959 on the topic of Shi'a–Sunni relations by Sunni scholar Shaikh Mahmood Shaltoot. Under Shaltut, Sunni-Shia ecumenical activities would reach their zenith. The fatwa is the fruit of a decade-long collaborative effort between a group of Sunni and Shia scholars at the Dar al-Taqreeb al-Madhahib al-Islamiyyah ("center for bringing together the various Islamic schools of thought") theological center at Al-Azhar University in Cairo. The aim of the effort is to bridge the gap between the various Islamic schools of thought, and to foster mutual respect, understanding and appreciation of each school's contributions to the development of Islamic jurisprudence. However, despite the ecumenical fatwa, while Shaltoot was Grand Imam of Al-Azhar he refused to establish an independent Shia chair at the University, which was one of the greatest aspirations, especially, of the Shia members of the Dar al-Taqreeb. This rare fatwa, which admits Shias, Alawites, and Druze, who had been considered heretics and idolaters for hundreds of years, into mainstream Islam has been viewed as being inspired by Egyptian president Gamal Abdel Nasser. Nasser saw it as a tool to spread his appeal and influence across the entire Arab world. In 2012, due to drift towards Islamism in Al-Azhar, and the rise of the Muslim Brotherhood into leadership, the dean of the issued a fatwa strongly opposed to the 1959 fatwa. It forbade worship according to the Shia tradition and condemned as heretics anyone who insulted the wives or companions of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Al-Azhar also published a book condemning the Shia. However after the 2013 Egyptian coup d'état, Shaykh Ahmed el-Tayeb of Jamia Al'Azhar again reiterated Shaikh Shaltoot's position in an interview (en)
- Al-Azhar Syiah Fatwa atau Fatwa Syekh Syaltut tentang Syiah, yang dalam bahasa Arab dikenal sebagai Fatwa Syaltut, adalah sebuah fatwa Islam yang dikeluarkan pada tahun 1959 dengan topik hubungan Syiah-Sunni oleh ulama Sunni Syekh Mahmud Syaltut. Di bawah Syaltut, kegiatan ekumenis Sunni-Syiah akan mencapai puncaknya. (in)
- La Fatwa sullo sciismo di al-Azhar (in arabo: فتوى شلتوت, Fatwā Shaltūt, ossia "La fatwa di Shaltūt") è una fatwā emessa nel 1959 dal Grande Imam di al-Azhar Muḥammad Shaltūt e riguardante le relazioni tra le due diverse espressioni dell'Islam: quella del sunnismo e quella dello sciismo. Sotto la guida di Shaltūt, le relazioni tra sunnismo e sciismo conobbero infatti un fondamentale momento di intesa,grazie ai fruttuosi colloqui che il Grande Imam aveva intrattenuto con il Grande Ayatollah iraniano Sayyid Hossein Tabataba'i Borujerdi. La Fatwa di Shaltūt fu infatti il risultato di una lunga serie di colloqui che comportarono una positiva collaborazione dottrinaria nell'ambito della "Dār al-Taqrīb al-Madhāhib al-Islāmiyya" (Casa dell'avvicinamento tra le scuole giuridiche islamiche), sorta per precisa volontà dei due grandi ʿulamāʾ musulmani.Il fine dell'intesa era di creare un deciso legame tra le varie scuole giuridiche islamiche e di avviare rapporti di mutuo rispetto, allontanando il pericolo di reciproca scomunica e di disconoscimento di islamicità, nell'accettazione dell'importante ruolo svolto nei secoli dal sunnismo e dallo sciismo nello sviluppo del pensiero islamico. Tuttavia, malgrado l'ecumenicità della Fatwa, voluta da Shaltūt mentre occupava il posto di massimo rilievo religioso e spirituale del mondo sunnita, non fu istituita ad al-Azhar alcuna cattedra d'insegnamento di Fiqh giafarita, diminuendo non poco la portata "rivoluzionaria" dell'intesa, che comunque rimane un saldo pilastro del pensiero islamico, ostile alle contrapposizioni (violente o meno) e all'antagonismo dottrinario. La fatwa, riconosceva come "islamiche" le scuole giuridiche dello sciismo giafarita e alawita e quella dei Drusi, malgrado il sunnismo le avesse giudicate, per lunghi secoli, nel caso migliore "gravemente in errore" e, in quello peggiore, decisamente eretiche e addirittura idolatriche. A questo riconoscimento sembra non fosse estranea la volontà politica del Presidente egiziano Gamal Abd el-Nasser che in tal modo intendeva forse rafforzare il proprio carisma politico all'interno di tutto il mondo arabo, a prescindere dalla fede sunnita o sciita delle sue popolazioni. Nel 2012, a causa del crescente Salafismo all'interno di al-Azhar, il Preside della Facoltà di Studi Islamici emise una fatwa in cui si opponeva fortemente alla fatwa del 1959. Essa proibiva (nei forti limiti della scarsa cogenza di qualsiasi fatwa) di operare in base alla tradizione giuridica sciita e condannava come "eretico" chiunque avesse insultato le vedove o i Compagni di Maometto Vi fu anche una pubblicazione di al-Azhar di condanna dello sciismo. (it)
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