Active defense can refer to a defensive strategy in the military or cybersecurity arena. In the cybersecurity arena, active defense may mean "asymmetric defenses," namely defenses that increase costs to cyber-adversaries by reducing costs to cyber-defenders. For example, an active defense data protection strategy leverages dynamic data movement, distribution, and re-encryption to make data harder to attack, steal, or destroy. Prior data protection approaches relied on encryption of data at rest, which leaves data vulnerable to attacks including stealing of ciphertext, cryptographic attack, attacks on encryption keys, destruction of encrypted data, ransomware attacks, insider attacks, and others. Three ACM computing conferences have explored Moving Target Defense as a strategy for network a
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| - Active defense (en)
- アクティブディフェンス (ja)
- Активная оборона (ru)
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| - アクティブディフェンス（英: Active defense）または積極防衛とは、防衛・防御のための攻撃や攻勢を指す一般的な用語。 現在のアメリカでは主にサイバーセキュリティ用語として使われており、ロシアでは大祖国戦争時に使用された歴史的な軍事用語であり、あるいは1970年代の米軍（NATO軍）の軍事ドクトリンであり、21世紀初頭に採用された中国の軍事ドクトリンでもある。日本では自国の抑止力を最大化して敵対国に対して自国への攻撃を躊躇させる安全保障戦略における概念で、非核三原則に関しては「持ち込ませず」を見直し、同盟国による運用を積極的に活用し（ここまでは日本のみ）、自衛のための一定の攻撃力の保有に関する研究や防衛・軍事研究における規制を撤廃することである。一般的には軍事的な意味で用いられることが多い。この用法における対義語としては「専守防衛」という概念がある。 (ja)
- Активная оборона — исторический военный термин, вышедший из употребления после Великой Отечественной войны и обозначавший боевые действия, главной задачей которых было изматывание крупных группировок противника путём активного маневрирования силами при выявлении направления его главного удара. По представлениям иностранных специалистов успешность активной обороны основывается на эффективном сочетании боевых порядков первого эшелона и манёвра огнём и резервами на угрожаемом направлении. (ru)
- Active defense can refer to a defensive strategy in the military or cybersecurity arena. In the cybersecurity arena, active defense may mean "asymmetric defenses," namely defenses that increase costs to cyber-adversaries by reducing costs to cyber-defenders. For example, an active defense data protection strategy leverages dynamic data movement, distribution, and re-encryption to make data harder to attack, steal, or destroy. Prior data protection approaches relied on encryption of data at rest, which leaves data vulnerable to attacks including stealing of ciphertext, cryptographic attack, attacks on encryption keys, destruction of encrypted data, ransomware attacks, insider attacks, and others. Three ACM computing conferences have explored Moving Target Defense as a strategy for network a (en)
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| - Active defense can refer to a defensive strategy in the military or cybersecurity arena. In the cybersecurity arena, active defense may mean "asymmetric defenses," namely defenses that increase costs to cyber-adversaries by reducing costs to cyber-defenders. For example, an active defense data protection strategy leverages dynamic data movement, distribution, and re-encryption to make data harder to attack, steal, or destroy. Prior data protection approaches relied on encryption of data at rest, which leaves data vulnerable to attacks including stealing of ciphertext, cryptographic attack, attacks on encryption keys, destruction of encrypted data, ransomware attacks, insider attacks, and others. Three ACM computing conferences have explored Moving Target Defense as a strategy for network and application-level security as well, for instance by rotating IP addresses or dynamically changing network topologies. Production implementations of MTD are provided by companies for applications including legacy systems, communications, and election security. Additionally, "active defense measures" are often another term used to define and refer to offensive cyber operations (OCOs) or computer network attacks (CNAs). Some have defined active defenses as including of deception or honeypots, which seek to confuse attackers with traps and advanced forensics. Examples of such honeypot technologies include Illusive Networks, TrapX, Cymmetria, Attivo, and others. Other types of active defenses might include automated incident response, which attempts to tie together different response strategies in order to increase work for attackers and decrease work for defenders. The Department of Defense defines active defense as: "The employment of limited offensive action and counterattacks to deny a contested area or position to the enemy." This definition does not specify whether it refers to physical actions, or cyber-related actions. Recently, the Department of Homeland Security and financial institutions have identified Active Defense as a top priority for security industrial infrastructure systems. As part of a broader push for greater resiliency, the National Institute of Standards and Technology 800-160 Volume 2 framework has gone further, providing guidance on standardization for active defense. (en)
- アクティブディフェンス（英: Active defense）または積極防衛とは、防衛・防御のための攻撃や攻勢を指す一般的な用語。 現在のアメリカでは主にサイバーセキュリティ用語として使われており、ロシアでは大祖国戦争時に使用された歴史的な軍事用語であり、あるいは1970年代の米軍（NATO軍）の軍事ドクトリンであり、21世紀初頭に採用された中国の軍事ドクトリンでもある。日本では自国の抑止力を最大化して敵対国に対して自国への攻撃を躊躇させる安全保障戦略における概念で、非核三原則に関しては「持ち込ませず」を見直し、同盟国による運用を積極的に活用し（ここまでは日本のみ）、自衛のための一定の攻撃力の保有に関する研究や防衛・軍事研究における規制を撤廃することである。一般的には軍事的な意味で用いられることが多い。この用法における対義語としては「専守防衛」という概念がある。 (ja)
- Активная оборона — исторический военный термин, вышедший из употребления после Великой Отечественной войны и обозначавший боевые действия, главной задачей которых было изматывание крупных группировок противника путём активного маневрирования силами при выявлении направления его главного удара. По представлениям иностранных специалистов успешность активной обороны основывается на эффективном сочетании боевых порядков первого эшелона и манёвра огнём и резервами на угрожаемом направлении. (ru)
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