The 2016–17 Wyoming Cowgirls basketball team represented the University of Wyoming in the 2016–17 college basketball season. The Cowgirls are led by fourteenth year head coach Joe Legerski. The Cowgirls played their home games at the Arena-Auditorium and were members of the Mountain West Conference. They finished the season 22–10, 13–5 in Mountain West play to finish in second place. They lost in the quarterfinals of the Mountain West women's tournament to Fresno State. They were invited to the Women's National Invitation Tournament where they defeated Seattle in the first round before losing in to Washington State in the second round.