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The Penn–Calvert boundary dispute (also known as Penn vs. Baltimore) was a long-running legal conflict between William Penn and his heirs on one side, and Charles Calvert, 3rd Baron Baltimore and his heirs on the other side. The overlapping nature of their charters of land in Colonial America required numerous attempts at mediation, surveying, and intervention by the king and courts of England to ultimately be resolved. Subsequent questions over these charters have also been adjudicated by American arbitrators and the Supreme Court of the United States. The boundary dispute shaped the eventual borders of five U.S. states: Pennsylvania, Maryland, Delaware, New Jersey, and West Virginia.

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  • ペン=カルバート境界紛争 (ja)
  • Penn–Calvert boundary dispute (en)
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  • The Penn–Calvert boundary dispute (also known as Penn vs. Baltimore) was a long-running legal conflict between William Penn and his heirs on one side, and Charles Calvert, 3rd Baron Baltimore and his heirs on the other side. The overlapping nature of their charters of land in Colonial America required numerous attempts at mediation, surveying, and intervention by the king and courts of England to ultimately be resolved. Subsequent questions over these charters have also been adjudicated by American arbitrators and the Supreme Court of the United States. The boundary dispute shaped the eventual borders of five U.S. states: Pennsylvania, Maryland, Delaware, New Jersey, and West Virginia. (en)
  • ペン=カルバート境界論争(ペン=カルバートきょうかいろんそう、「ペン対ボルチモア事件」とも呼ばれる)とは、17世紀後半から18世紀前半にかけてのにおいて、一方はウィリアム・ペンとその相続人、もう一方は第3代ボルチモア男爵チャールズ・カルバートとその相続人の2つの家族による領有植民地境界線にまつわる長期の法廷闘争のこと。植民地時代のアメリカにおいて、勅許された払い下げ領土の重複を解消するためにイングランド王や裁判所により何度もの調停、測量、仲裁が行われて最終的な解決を見た。こういったイングランド王勅許に関連する諸問題はアメリカ合衆国成立後も引き続きその最高裁判所や仲裁人によって審理が行われた。この境界線論争は、アメリカ合衆国の5つの州(ペンシルベニア(ペンシルバニア)、メリーランド、デラウェア、ニュージャージー、ウェストバージニア)の現在の境界線画定の基礎ともなっている。 (ja)
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  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/New_Castle_Court_House_Museum.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/William_Penn.png
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/1732_map_of_Maryland.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Charles_Calvert_3rd_Baron_Baltimore.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Transpen-line.gif
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