The Missal of Silos is the oldest known document on paper (as opposed to parchment) created in Europe; it dates to before 1080 AD. The manuscript was written on quarto; it comprises 157 folios, of which folios 1 to 37 are on paper and the rest are on parchment. Strictly speaking, it is not a missal: It has been described as a breviary-missal. It can also be described as a or Breviarum gothicum. In 2013, the manuscript was inspected by Umberto Eco, who had referred to Silos in his 1980 novel The Name of the Rose. Eco's visit was widely reported in the Spanish press.
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| - Missale von Silos (de)
- Misal de Silos (es)
- Messale di Silos (it)
- Missal of Silos (en)
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| - El Misal de Silos es un breviario considerado como el documento más antiguo conocido sobre papel (no sobre pergamino) creado en Europa. Con alta probabilidad, data de antes de 1080 d. C. El manuscrito está escrito en cuartilla y se compone en su conjunto de 157 folios, siendo de papel los folios 1 a 37, mientras que el resto está escrito en pergamino. (es)
- Il Messale di Silos è un breviario considerato come il documento più antico di cui si abbia conoscenza su carta (e non su pergamena) creato in Europa. Con molta probabilità, datato anteriormente all'anno 1080. Il manoscritto è scritto in quarto ed è composto complessivamente da 157 fogli, i fogli da 1 a 37 sono di carta, mentre il resto è scritto su pergamena. (it)
- Das Missale von Silos oder Missale de Silos ist das älteste bekannte, in der christlichen Welt hergestellte Dokument aus Papier; es ist ein Messbuch (Missale) und stammt aus dem 11. Jahrhundert. Das Quarto-Missale besteht aus 157 Folia, von denen die Blätter 1 bis 37 aus Papier bestehen, die restlichen aus Pergament.Streng genommen ist es nicht genau ein Missale: es wurde als Brevier-Missale bezeichnet. Auch kann es als gelten. (de)
- The Missal of Silos is the oldest known document on paper (as opposed to parchment) created in Europe; it dates to before 1080 AD. The manuscript was written on quarto; it comprises 157 folios, of which folios 1 to 37 are on paper and the rest are on parchment. Strictly speaking, it is not a missal: It has been described as a breviary-missal. It can also be described as a or Breviarum gothicum. In 2013, the manuscript was inspected by Umberto Eco, who had referred to Silos in his 1980 novel The Name of the Rose. Eco's visit was widely reported in the Spanish press. (en)
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| - Das Missale von Silos oder Missale de Silos ist das älteste bekannte, in der christlichen Welt hergestellte Dokument aus Papier; es ist ein Messbuch (Missale) und stammt aus dem 11. Jahrhundert. Das Quarto-Missale besteht aus 157 Folia, von denen die Blätter 1 bis 37 aus Papier bestehen, die restlichen aus Pergament.Streng genommen ist es nicht genau ein Missale: es wurde als Brevier-Missale bezeichnet. Auch kann es als gelten. Das Missale wird in der Bibliothek der Abtei Santo Domingo de Silos in der Nähe von Burgos, Spanien als Kodex 6 aufbewahrt. Es gehört zu einer Anzahl liturgischer Manuskripte des mozarabischen Ritus, die in der Bibliothek von Silos trotz des von Papst Gregor VII. im Jahre 1080 ausgesprochenen Verbotes bewahrt wurden. Es ist allerdings nicht im dortigen Skriptorium erstellt worden, sondern im Kloster Santa María la Real de Nájera. Die Stadt befand sich zu jener Zeit zwar auf christlichem Territorium, jedoch wird davon ausgegangen, dass das Papier des Missale aus der arabischen Welt stammt, wahrscheinlich aus al-Andalus, dem muslimischen Spanien. (de)
- El Misal de Silos es un breviario considerado como el documento más antiguo conocido sobre papel (no sobre pergamino) creado en Europa. Con alta probabilidad, data de antes de 1080 d. C. El manuscrito está escrito en cuartilla y se compone en su conjunto de 157 folios, siendo de papel los folios 1 a 37, mientras que el resto está escrito en pergamino. (es)
- The Missal of Silos is the oldest known document on paper (as opposed to parchment) created in Europe; it dates to before 1080 AD. The manuscript was written on quarto; it comprises 157 folios, of which folios 1 to 37 are on paper and the rest are on parchment. Strictly speaking, it is not a missal: It has been described as a breviary-missal. It can also be described as a or Breviarum gothicum. The missal is "Codex 6" held in the library of the Monastery of Santo Domingo de Silos near Burgos, Spain. It is one of a number of liturgical manuscripts of the Mozarabic rite which have been preserved in the Silos library, despite the suppression of the rite in 1080 by Pope Gregory VII. The codex is named after its current location in Silos, but it was not made at the Silos monastery's scriptorium; it was made at the monastery of Santa María la Real of Nájera. The paper for the missal is believed to have been manufactured in the Islamic world, probably Islamic Spain, even though Nájera was in Christian territory at the time the document was created. In 2013, the manuscript was inspected by Umberto Eco, who had referred to Silos in his 1980 novel The Name of the Rose. Eco's visit was widely reported in the Spanish press. (en)
- Il Messale di Silos è un breviario considerato come il documento più antico di cui si abbia conoscenza su carta (e non su pergamena) creato in Europa. Con molta probabilità, datato anteriormente all'anno 1080. Il manoscritto è scritto in quarto ed è composto complessivamente da 157 fogli, i fogli da 1 a 37 sono di carta, mentre il resto è scritto su pergamena. (it)
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