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An extreme trans-Neptunian object (ETNO) is a trans-Neptunian object orbiting the Sun well beyond Neptune (30 AU) in the outermost region of the Solar System. An ETNO has a large semi-major axis of at least 150–250 AU. Its orbit is much less affected by the known giant planets than all other known trans-Neptunian objects. They may, however, be influenced by gravitational interactions with a hypothetical Planet Nine, shepherding these objects into similar types of orbits. The known ETNOs exhibit a highly statistically significant asymmetry between the distributions of object pairs with small ascending and descending nodal distances that might be indicative of a response to external perturbations.

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  • Extreme trans-Neptunian object (en)
  • Objet transneptunien extrême (fr)
  • Objeto transnetuniano extremo (pt)
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  • Un objet transneptunien extrême (en abrégé OTNE ; en anglais extreme trans-Neptunian object, ETNO) ou sednito (à ne pas confondre avec sednoïde) est un objet transneptunien dont le périhélie est supérieur à trente unités astronomiques (q > 30 ua) et le demi-grand axe est supérieur à cent cinquante unités astronomiques (a > 150 ua). (fr)
  • Um objeto transnetuniano extremo, ou sednito é um objeto transnetuniano cuja periélio é maior do que trinta unidades astronômicas e o semieixo maior é superior a cento e cinquenta unidades astronômicas. (pt)
  • An extreme trans-Neptunian object (ETNO) is a trans-Neptunian object orbiting the Sun well beyond Neptune (30 AU) in the outermost region of the Solar System. An ETNO has a large semi-major axis of at least 150–250 AU. Its orbit is much less affected by the known giant planets than all other known trans-Neptunian objects. They may, however, be influenced by gravitational interactions with a hypothetical Planet Nine, shepherding these objects into similar types of orbits. The known ETNOs exhibit a highly statistically significant asymmetry between the distributions of object pairs with small ascending and descending nodal distances that might be indicative of a response to external perturbations. (en)
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  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Extreme_transneptunian_object_eccentricity_vs_perihelion.png
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Distant_object_orbits_+_Planet_Nine.png
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Extreme_transneptunian_object_orbits.png
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Planet_nine-etnos_now-close-new.png
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  • left (en)
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  • Orbits of extreme trans-Neptunian objects and Planet Nine (en)
  • Close up of extreme trans-Neptunian objects' and planets' orbits (en)
  • The orbits of the extreme trans-Neptunian objects are shown in various colours, with Planet Nine's orbit shown in bright green. Most of the orbits are aligned to the right of Planet Nine. (en)
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  • 6 (xsd:integer)
  • Close up view of 13 TNO current positions (en)
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