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The Yukawa–Tsuno equation, first developed in 1959, is a linear free-energy relationship in physical organic chemistry. It is a modified version of the Hammett equation that accounts for enhanced resonance effects in electrophilic reactions of para- and meta-substituted organic compounds. This equation does so by introducing a new term to the original Hammett relation that provides a measure of the extent of resonance stabilization for a reactive structure that builds up charge (positive or negative) in its transition state. The Yukawa–Tsuno equation can take the following forms:

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  • Equação de Yukawa-Tsuno (pt)
  • Yukawa–Tsuno equation (en)
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  • The Yukawa–Tsuno equation, first developed in 1959, is a linear free-energy relationship in physical organic chemistry. It is a modified version of the Hammett equation that accounts for enhanced resonance effects in electrophilic reactions of para- and meta-substituted organic compounds. This equation does so by introducing a new term to the original Hammett relation that provides a measure of the extent of resonance stabilization for a reactive structure that builds up charge (positive or negative) in its transition state. The Yukawa–Tsuno equation can take the following forms: (en)
  • Estudos de cinética das reações em anel aromático no campo da físico-química orgânica permitiram a elucidação da estrutura do estado de transição e desta forma qual o mecanismo exato que a reação esta seguindo. Com a finalidade de ajustar desvios no comportamento linear da equação de Hammett, e , nos anos 50, estabeleceram a seguinte relação que ficou conhecida como equação de Yukawa-Tsuno: ou No qual, (pt)
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  • The Yukawa–Tsuno equation, first developed in 1959, is a linear free-energy relationship in physical organic chemistry. It is a modified version of the Hammett equation that accounts for enhanced resonance effects in electrophilic reactions of para- and meta-substituted organic compounds. This equation does so by introducing a new term to the original Hammett relation that provides a measure of the extent of resonance stabilization for a reactive structure that builds up charge (positive or negative) in its transition state. The Yukawa–Tsuno equation can take the following forms: where kX and k0 represent the rate constants for an X-substituted and unsubstituted compound, respectively; ρ represents the Hammett reaction constant; σ represents the Hammett substituent constant; σ+ and σ− represent the Hammett substituent constants for reactions in which positive or negative charges are built up at the reactive center, respectively; and r represents the Yukawa–Tsuno parameter. (en)
  • Estudos de cinética das reações em anel aromático no campo da físico-química orgânica permitiram a elucidação da estrutura do estado de transição e desta forma qual o mecanismo exato que a reação esta seguindo. Com a finalidade de ajustar desvios no comportamento linear da equação de Hammett, e , nos anos 50, estabeleceram a seguinte relação que ficou conhecida como equação de Yukawa-Tsuno: ou No qual, * Kx = a constante de ionização após colocar para ou meta substituintes (X) * K0 = a constante de ionização sem adição de substituintes * Rho = a constante de reação * Sigma = a constante do substituinte * r = parâmetro de ressonância (pt)
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