An urban canyon (also known as a street canyon) is a place where the street is flanked by buildings on both sides creating a canyon-like environment, evolved etymologically from the Canyon of Heroes in Manhattan. Such human-built canyons are made when streets separate dense blocks of structures, especially skyscrapers. Other examples include the Magnificent Mile in Chicago, Los Angeles' Wilshire Boulevard corridor, Toronto's Financial District, and Hong Kong's Kowloon and Central districts.
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| - Straatcanyon (nl)
- Desfiladeiro urbano (pt)
- Urban canyon (en)
- 都市峽谷 (zh)
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| - Een straatcanyon (Engels: street canyon of urban canyon) is een locatie waar een straat aan beide zijden geflankeerd wordt door gebouwen, waardoor een canyon-achtige omgeving wordt gevormd. Deze door de mens gebouwde canyons ontstaan bij straten met dichte bebouwingsstructuren, veelal wolkenkrabbers. Voorbeelden hiervan zijn de Magnificent Mile in Chicago, het Financial District in Toronto, Broadway in Manhattan, alsook Kowloon en Central in Hongkong. (nl)
- An urban canyon (also known as a street canyon) is a place where the street is flanked by buildings on both sides creating a canyon-like environment, evolved etymologically from the Canyon of Heroes in Manhattan. Such human-built canyons are made when streets separate dense blocks of structures, especially skyscrapers. Other examples include the Magnificent Mile in Chicago, Los Angeles' Wilshire Boulevard corridor, Toronto's Financial District, and Hong Kong's Kowloon and Central districts. (en)
- Desfiladeiro urbano, vale urbano ou cânion urbano (em inglês: street canyon ou urban canyon) é um local do cenário urbano no qual o adensamento de edifícios, de obras de infraestrutura e outros elementos artificiais/naturais cria um ambiente de comportamento similar a um desfiladeiro para fenômenos como temperatura, umidade e propagação de sinais de rádio. Exemplos clássicos destes "desfiladeiros" existem quando as ruas são estreitas em proporção com a altura dos edifícios em redor, especialmente na presença de arranha-céus. Exemplos incluem a Avenida Paulista na cidade de São Paulo,Brasil muitas ruas da Magnificent Mile de Chicago, o em Manhattan e os bairros de Kowloon e em Hong Kong. (pt)
- 都市峽谷是一種類似自然峽谷的都市環境。以街道切割周圍稠密的建築街區，特別是摩天大樓，而形成的人造峽谷。著名的例子如芝加哥的華麗一英里、紐約曼哈頓的、香港九龍與中環地區。都市峽谷可能造成都市熱島效應。 都市峽谷是都市表面的基本單元，在都市中到處可見。其峽谷形式包括水平面和垂直面等幾何形式；建物排列做為垂直的牆，而街道則作為水平的地面。其峽谷的空氣體積為兩邊的牆與地面，以及建築物頂層之間的假想邊界所構成的空間。都兩邊建築物高度不同時，將形成不對稱的峽谷。 研究員T. R. Oke研究都市峽谷中的微氣候，其目的為探討其在都市氣候的性質。都市峽谷的研究顧及了峽谷走向、高度、長度，以及寬度。在氣溫現象方面，包含了光照、入射角、地表反照率、放射率以及溫度。此外，寬高比與天空視野係數也很重要。寬高比為兩邊建築物的平均高度與街道寬度之比例。天空視野係數從0到1，用來計算自地面往上看時的可見的天空的量。通常以魚眼鏡頭自街道地面拍攝。天空視野係數1代表天空完全可見，而0則代表天空完全被阻擋。天空視野係數愈高，代表都市峽谷愈容易冷卻，因為天空可以吸收建築物的熱能。而天空視野係數愈低，都市峽谷可以保存日間的熱能，在夜裡釋放更多的熱能。 (zh)
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| - The same Manhattan street seen from within, with many buildings much taller than the width of the road (en)
- An urban canyon at 42nd Street, Midtown Manhattan, New York City (en)
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| - An urban canyon (also known as a street canyon) is a place where the street is flanked by buildings on both sides creating a canyon-like environment, evolved etymologically from the Canyon of Heroes in Manhattan. Such human-built canyons are made when streets separate dense blocks of structures, especially skyscrapers. Other examples include the Magnificent Mile in Chicago, Los Angeles' Wilshire Boulevard corridor, Toronto's Financial District, and Hong Kong's Kowloon and Central districts. Urban canyons affect various local conditions, including temperature, wind, light, air quality, and radio reception, including satellite navigation signals. (en)
- Een straatcanyon (Engels: street canyon of urban canyon) is een locatie waar een straat aan beide zijden geflankeerd wordt door gebouwen, waardoor een canyon-achtige omgeving wordt gevormd. Deze door de mens gebouwde canyons ontstaan bij straten met dichte bebouwingsstructuren, veelal wolkenkrabbers. Voorbeelden hiervan zijn de Magnificent Mile in Chicago, het Financial District in Toronto, Broadway in Manhattan, alsook Kowloon en Central in Hongkong. (nl)
- Desfiladeiro urbano, vale urbano ou cânion urbano (em inglês: street canyon ou urban canyon) é um local do cenário urbano no qual o adensamento de edifícios, de obras de infraestrutura e outros elementos artificiais/naturais cria um ambiente de comportamento similar a um desfiladeiro para fenômenos como temperatura, umidade e propagação de sinais de rádio. Exemplos clássicos destes "desfiladeiros" existem quando as ruas são estreitas em proporção com a altura dos edifícios em redor, especialmente na presença de arranha-céus. Exemplos incluem a Avenida Paulista na cidade de São Paulo,Brasil muitas ruas da Magnificent Mile de Chicago, o em Manhattan e os bairros de Kowloon e em Hong Kong. Os desfiladeiros urbanos causam impacto em várias condições locais, incluindo temperatura (originando microclimas e ilhas de calor), condições de vento, qualidade do ar, e capacidade de recepção de ondas de rádio, incluindo sinais de sistemas de posicionamento por satélite como o GPS. (pt)
- 都市峽谷是一種類似自然峽谷的都市環境。以街道切割周圍稠密的建築街區，特別是摩天大樓，而形成的人造峽谷。著名的例子如芝加哥的華麗一英里、紐約曼哈頓的、香港九龍與中環地區。都市峽谷可能造成都市熱島效應。 都市峽谷是都市表面的基本單元，在都市中到處可見。其峽谷形式包括水平面和垂直面等幾何形式；建物排列做為垂直的牆，而街道則作為水平的地面。其峽谷的空氣體積為兩邊的牆與地面，以及建築物頂層之間的假想邊界所構成的空間。都兩邊建築物高度不同時，將形成不對稱的峽谷。 研究員T. R. Oke研究都市峽谷中的微氣候，其目的為探討其在都市氣候的性質。都市峽谷的研究顧及了峽谷走向、高度、長度，以及寬度。在氣溫現象方面，包含了光照、入射角、地表反照率、放射率以及溫度。此外，寬高比與天空視野係數也很重要。寬高比為兩邊建築物的平均高度與街道寬度之比例。天空視野係數從0到1，用來計算自地面往上看時的可見的天空的量。通常以魚眼鏡頭自街道地面拍攝。天空視野係數1代表天空完全可見，而0則代表天空完全被阻擋。天空視野係數愈高，代表都市峽谷愈容易冷卻，因為天空可以吸收建築物的熱能。而天空視野係數愈低，都市峽谷可以保存日間的熱能，在夜裡釋放更多的熱能。 Nunez和Oke研究中緯度地區都市峽谷於晴朗的夏季的能量交換。研究顯示不同時間的地表能量取決於峽谷的幾何形狀和方向。南北走向的地面最具活耀的能量。在這種峽谷中，正午輻射過剩的30%會被儲存在峽谷兩邊的建築物。到了夜間，因為輻射損失，而使建築物中儲存的能量釋放出來。這種現象形成嚴重的都市熱島效應。 (zh)
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