| rdfs:comment
| - 부당위압(Undue Influence)은 영미법상의 개념으로 계약체결당시 부적절한 영향력으로 인해 계약이 자유의지에 의해 체결되지 않았음을 말한다. (ko)
- 不恰當的影響力（英語：undue influence）是英國等地合約法的一個名詞，它可以引起別人質疑有關的法律文件，例如合同、遺囑等在受到不恰當的影響力之下簽署。 若果証明某法律文件內存有「不恰當的影響力」之質疑，可能令此文件的法律效力可以宣告無效，無法律約束力，可以不必執行。 (zh)
- Undue influence (= unangemessene Beeinflussung) ist im europäischen Privatrecht ein umfassender Grundsatz der Privatautonomie. Danach soll jeder seine Rechtsbeziehungen eigenverantwortlich und selbstbestimmt regeln dürfen, frei von widerrechtlichen Beeinflussungen der Willensbildung. Störgrößen in diesem Sinne sind Täuschungshandlungen, Drohungen oder die widerrechtliche Ausnutzung einer Vertrauens- oder Nähestellung gegenüber dem Vertragspartner, etwa geschäftsunerfahrenen Angehörigen. (de)
- En common law, l'abus d'influence (undue influence, expression autrefois traduite par influence indue) peut être défini comme étant un « acte exercé sur la volonté d’une personne par quelqu’un disposant d’un pouvoir sur elle afin d’orienter un choix qui lui revient en principe de manière autonome. Il s'agit d'une situation où l'une des parties abuse du pouvoir ou de l'influence qu'elle exerce sur une autre partie, de manière à compromettre le consentement de l'autre partie. (fr)
- Undue influence (UI) is a psychological process by which a person's free will and judgement is supplanted by that of another. It is a legal term and the strict definition varies by jurisdiction. Generally speaking, it is a means by which a person gains control over their victims' decision making through manipulation tactics and unfair pressure, typically for financial gain. Historically, UI has been poorly understood, even in some legal circles. (en)
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| has abstract
| - Undue influence (= unangemessene Beeinflussung) ist im europäischen Privatrecht ein umfassender Grundsatz der Privatautonomie. Danach soll jeder seine Rechtsbeziehungen eigenverantwortlich und selbstbestimmt regeln dürfen, frei von widerrechtlichen Beeinflussungen der Willensbildung. Störgrößen in diesem Sinne sind Täuschungshandlungen, Drohungen oder die widerrechtliche Ausnutzung einer Vertrauens- oder Nähestellung gegenüber dem Vertragspartner, etwa geschäftsunerfahrenen Angehörigen. In diesen Fällen kann die Rechtsordnung verletzt sein, weil Rechtsgeschäfte nicht rational, sondern aufgrund einer rein emotionalen Entscheidung vereinbart werden. Insoweit ermangelt es regelmäßig an einem adäquaten Interessensausgleich unter ausgeglichenen Marktbedingungen, Vor- und Nachteile eines Geschäfts konnten nicht abgewogen werden. Liegt eine missbräuchliche Wahrnehmung von Eigeninteressen einer Partei vor, sollen die nachteiligen Rechtsfolgen für die andere Partei – wegen unangemessener Beeinflussung (undue influence) – beseitigt werden beziehungsweise von vornherein nicht entstehen. (de)
- En common law, l'abus d'influence (undue influence, expression autrefois traduite par influence indue) peut être défini comme étant un « acte exercé sur la volonté d’une personne par quelqu’un disposant d’un pouvoir sur elle afin d’orienter un choix qui lui revient en principe de manière autonome. Il s'agit d'une situation où l'une des parties abuse du pouvoir ou de l'influence qu'elle exerce sur une autre partie, de manière à compromettre le consentement de l'autre partie. Au XIXe siècle au Québec, le terme « influence indue » était notamment utilisé en politique par des politiciens libéraux en parlant des interventions publiques partisanes du clergé en faveur d'un candidat ou d'un parti politique. (fr)
- Undue influence (UI) is a psychological process by which a person's free will and judgement is supplanted by that of another. It is a legal term and the strict definition varies by jurisdiction. Generally speaking, it is a means by which a person gains control over their victims' decision making through manipulation tactics and unfair pressure, typically for financial gain. Historically, UI has been poorly understood, even in some legal circles. Undue influence is typically perpetrated by a person who is trusted by the victim and is dependent on them for emotional and physical needs. Caregivers are often found to have unduly influenced their patients, however, anyone in a position of trust and authority over the victim (e.g. fiduciary) may be guilty. This includes the victims' attorney, accountant, nursing home attendant, or even children. UI is a process, not a single event. A manipulator may spend weeks, months, or even years before successfully unduly-influencing their victim. Anyone is susceptible to UI, but the elderly are particularly vulnerable. Perpetrators of UI operate in shadow, enacting their manipulation behind closed doors where there are no witnesses. A person being unduly influenced may become withdrawn, depressive and passive. Physical signs of abuse may include unexplained bruising, scratches, and/or broken bones. Others signs may include missing or broken dentures, prescription eyeglasses, hearing aids or other assistive devices. A distinction is made between the nature of capacity and undue influence. In assessing capacity, the practitioner evaluates an individual's ability to competently perform tasks (e.g., execute a will or give medical consent). These assessments give insight to the functioning of the cognitive capabilities at that moment in time. Conversely, screening for undue influence is focused on the process of events which occur over an extended period. To determine whether another person is leveraging unfair tactics on the victim, an assessment specific to undue influence is required. Undue influence occurs in various circumstances including, but not limited to domestic violence, hostage situations, cults, prisoners of war, and dictatorships. The common theme among these situations is the aspect of psychological manipulation. Traumatic bonding may occur between the victim and influencer, as a result, the victim may even defend the perpetrator. The effectiveness of cult tactics (e.g. Love bombing) on young and healthy individuals illustrates that anyone, regardless of mental status, is a potential victim of UI under certain circumstances. Elderly Americans are living longer, and with this increased life expectancy, the prevalence of cognitive disorders associated with advanced age has also increased. A significant concentration of wealth is controlled by this aging demographic making them a potential target for exploitation. Modern families are becoming more complex and dispersed. Given these factors, the number of will contests involving undue influence is expected to increase. (en)
- 부당위압(Undue Influence)은 영미법상의 개념으로 계약체결당시 부적절한 영향력으로 인해 계약이 자유의지에 의해 체결되지 않았음을 말한다. (ko)
- 不恰當的影響力（英語：undue influence）是英國等地合約法的一個名詞，它可以引起別人質疑有關的法律文件，例如合同、遺囑等在受到不恰當的影響力之下簽署。 若果証明某法律文件內存有「不恰當的影響力」之質疑，可能令此文件的法律效力可以宣告無效，無法律約束力，可以不必執行。 (zh)
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