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Superior orders, also known as the Nuremberg defense or just following orders, is a plea in a court of law that a person, whether a member of the military, law enforcement, a firefighting force, or the civilian population, should not be considered guilty of committing actions that were ordered by a superior officer or official. The superior orders plea is often regarded as the complement to command responsibility.

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  • Handeln auf Befehl (de)
  • Defensa Núremberg (es)
  • Défense fondée sur l'obéissance aux ordres des supérieurs (fr)
  • Superior orders (en)
  • Defesa de Nuremberg (pt)
  • Исполнение приказа или распоряжения (ru)
rdfs:comment
  • Handeln auf Befehl kann Untergebene in hierarchischen Strukturen bei der Ausführung illegaler Befehle, Anordnungen und Gesetze von der strafrechtlichen Verantwortlichkeit ausschließen. Die unbedingte Gehorsamspflicht (ursprünglich aus dem militärischen Bereich) steht im Widerspruch zum Legalitätsprinzip, wenn vom Vorgesetzten die Ausführung von Straftaten befohlen wird. Um mit diesem Dilemma im nationalen und internationalen Strafrecht umzugehen, haben sich drei Rechtskonzepte entwickelt: Die mittlerweile überholte absolute Straffreiheit, die bedingte strafrechtliche Verantwortlichkeit und die absolute strafrechtliche Verantwortlichkeit des Untergebenen. (de)
  • Исполнение приказа или распоряжения — одно из обстоятельств, исключающих преступность деяния в уголовном праве. Лицо, осуществлявшее общественно опасные действия в рамках исполнения обязательных для него приказа или распоряжения, может быть освобождено от ответственности. (ru)
  • La defensa Núremberg es una defensa legal que esencialmente establece que el imputado estaba "solamente siguiendo órdenes" u "obediencia debida" ("Befehl ist Befehl" órdenes son órdenes) por lo que no sería responsable de tal delito. Esta defensa legal fue popularmente conocida durante los Juicios de Núremberg y por esto lleva su nombre. Bajo los Principios de Núremberg, la "defensa de órdenes superiores" no es una defensa legal en contra de los crímenes de guerra, aunque tal defensa podía influir en la penalidad de la sentencia condenatoria. (es)
  • Superior orders, also known as the Nuremberg defense or just following orders, is a plea in a court of law that a person, whether a member of the military, law enforcement, a firefighting force, or the civilian population, should not be considered guilty of committing actions that were ordered by a superior officer or official. The superior orders plea is often regarded as the complement to command responsibility. (en)
  • La défense fondée sur l'obéissance aux ordres des supérieurs est un type de plaidoirie de défense dans une cour de justice. L'argument, surnommé « défense Nuremberg » ou « simple obéissance aux ordres », invoque l'idée qu'un membre de l'armée, de la police, des pompiers ou de la population civile ne serait pas considéré comme coupable des actions commises sur ordre d'un officier supérieur ou d'un supérieur hiérarchique. La plaidoirie axée sur les « ordres des supérieurs » est souvent vue comme le complément de la responsabilité du commandement. (fr)
  • Defesa de Nuremberg (também chamada de "Ordens superiores" ou "Apenas cumprindo ordens") é uma alegação em um tribunal de que uma pessoa, seja um militar, policial, uma força de combate a incêndios ou a população civil, não deve ser considerada culpada pois pois o réu estaria "apenas cumprindo ordens", e por isso, não seria o responsável pelo delito. Historicamente, o apelo a ordens superiores foi usado tanto antes como depois dos Julgamentos de Nuremberg, com uma notável falta de consistência em várias decisões. (pt)
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  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Nuremberg_Trials_retouched.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Defendants_in_the_dock_at_nuremberg_trials.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Adolf_Eichmann_at_Trial1961.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Deutsche_Geschichte5-310.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Anton_Dostler_1945_Colourized.jpg
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