About: Shattering (agriculture)     Goto   Sponge   NotDistinct   Permalink

An Entity of Type : owl:Thing, within Data Space : dbpedia.org associated with source document(s)
QRcode icon
http://dbpedia.org/describe/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdbpedia.org%2Fresource%2FShattering_%28agriculture%29&graph=http%3A%2F%2Fdbpedia.org&graph=http%3A%2F%2Fdbpedia.org

In agriculture, shattering is the dispersal of a crop's seeds upon their becoming ripe. From an agricultural perspective this is generally an undesirable process, and in the history of crop domestication several important advances have involved a mutation in a crop plant that reduced shattering—instead of the seeds being dispersed as soon as they were ripe, the mutant plants retained the seeds for longer, which made harvesting much more effective. Non-shattering phenotype is one of the prerequisites for plant breeding especially when introgressing valuable traits from wild varieties of domesticated crops.

AttributesValues
rdfs:label
  • Égrenage (fr)
  • 탈립 (ko)
  • Shattering (agriculture) (en)
rdfs:comment
  • ( 비슷한 이름의 탈곡에 관해서는 해당 문서를 참조하십시오.) 탈립(脫粒, shattering)은 익은 식물, 특히 곡류의 씨앗이 떨어져 흩어지는 현상이다. 자연상태에서 탈립은 해당 식물 종의 번성에 도움이 되므로 진화적 관점에서 유리한 측면이 있다. 탈립을 통해 성숙한 종자에서 씨앗이 떨어져 멀리 흩어지기 때문에 해당 종이 널리 확산되는데 탈립이 매우 유리한 방식이다. 하지만 인간이 야생식물을 작물로 재배할 때는 탈립으로 인해 곡물의 수확량이 줄어들고 관리가 어려워져서, 오히려 불필요한 특성 중 하나가 되었다. 이에 '내탈립성' 계통의 식물이 선호되면서, 식물의 탈립을 막거나 줄이기 위한 여러 가지 방안이 개발되고 있다. 예를 들어, 2009년 농촌진흥청은 곡물을 수확할 때 탈립으로 인한 손실을 줄이기 위해, 내탈립성 참깨 품종인 '고품깨'를 개발하였다. (ko)
  • En agriculture, l'égrenage est la dispersion spontanée des graines d'une plante cultivée arrivées à maturité. C'est un caractère naturel, « primitif », qui favorise la multiplication des plantes, mais pour les agriculteurs ce processus est généralement indésirable chez les plantes cultivées car il peut entraîner des pertes à la récolte. Les priorités actuelles de recherche pour comprendre la génétique de l'égrenage spontané concernent notamment les cultures suivantes : orge, sarrasin, , colza (Brassica napus). (fr)
  • In agriculture, shattering is the dispersal of a crop's seeds upon their becoming ripe. From an agricultural perspective this is generally an undesirable process, and in the history of crop domestication several important advances have involved a mutation in a crop plant that reduced shattering—instead of the seeds being dispersed as soon as they were ripe, the mutant plants retained the seeds for longer, which made harvesting much more effective. Non-shattering phenotype is one of the prerequisites for plant breeding especially when introgressing valuable traits from wild varieties of domesticated crops. (en)
foaf:depiction
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Raps2.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Usdaeinkorn1_Triticum_monococcum.jpg
dcterms:subject
Wikipage page ID
Wikipage revision ID
Link from a Wikipage to another Wikipage
sameAs
dbp:wikiPageUsesTemplate
thumbnail
has abstract
  • In agriculture, shattering is the dispersal of a crop's seeds upon their becoming ripe. From an agricultural perspective this is generally an undesirable process, and in the history of crop domestication several important advances have involved a mutation in a crop plant that reduced shattering—instead of the seeds being dispersed as soon as they were ripe, the mutant plants retained the seeds for longer, which made harvesting much more effective. Non-shattering phenotype is one of the prerequisites for plant breeding especially when introgressing valuable traits from wild varieties of domesticated crops. A particularly important mutation that was selected very early in the history of agriculture removed the "brittle rachis" problem from wheat. A ripe head ("ear") of wild-type wheat is easily shattered into dispersal units when touched, or blown by the wind, because during ripening a series of abscission layers forms that divides the rachis into short segments, each attached to a single spikelet (which contains 2–3 grains along with chaff). A different class of shattering mechanisms involves dehiscence of the mature fruit, which releases the seeds. Current research priorities to understand the genetics of shattering include the following crops: * Barley * Buckwheat * Grain Amaranth * Oilseed rape (Brassica napus) Sesame and canola are harvested before the seed is fully mature, so that the pods do not split and drop the seeds. (en)
  • En agriculture, l'égrenage est la dispersion spontanée des graines d'une plante cultivée arrivées à maturité. C'est un caractère naturel, « primitif », qui favorise la multiplication des plantes, mais pour les agriculteurs ce processus est généralement indésirable chez les plantes cultivées car il peut entraîner des pertes à la récolte. L'absence d'égrenage spontané à maturité est un caractère commandé par des mutations génétiques.Dans l'histoire de la domestication des plantes cultivées, ce caractère est l'un des premiers qui a été sélectionné dès les débuts de l'agriculture.Une mutation particulièrement importante, qui a été sélectionnée très tôt dans l'histoire de l'agriculture a supprimé le problème du « rachis cassant » du blé. Chez les céréales (monocotylédones), l'égrenage est lié à l'abscission des épillets qui se séparent de la panicule (riz, millet) ou à la désarticulation de l'axe des épis (blé, orge, seigle). Chez les blés de types sauvages par exemple, l'épi est facilement décomposé en unités de dispersion, ou semences, par désarticulation à la suite d'un simple contact ou sous l'effet du vent. En effet, pendant la période de maturation, une série de couches d'abscission divisent le rachis en segments courts, qui restent attachés chacun à un seul épillet (lequel peut contenir 2 à 3 grains avec la balle). Chez les dicotylédones, un autre type de mécanisme d'égrenage est lié à la déhiscence du fruit mûr, qui libère les nombreuses graines contenues dans le fruit. Ce mécanisme concerne les fruits secs déhiscents tels que gousses (Fabaceae), siliques (Brassicaceae), capsules (lin, sésame...), etc. Les priorités actuelles de recherche pour comprendre la génétique de l'égrenage spontané concernent notamment les cultures suivantes : orge, sarrasin, , colza (Brassica napus). Le sésame et le colza sont récoltés avant que les graines soient complètement mûres, pour éviter que les capsules ou les gousses ne s'ouvrent et perdent leurs graines. (fr)
  • ( 비슷한 이름의 탈곡에 관해서는 해당 문서를 참조하십시오.) 탈립(脫粒, shattering)은 익은 식물, 특히 곡류의 씨앗이 떨어져 흩어지는 현상이다. 자연상태에서 탈립은 해당 식물 종의 번성에 도움이 되므로 진화적 관점에서 유리한 측면이 있다. 탈립을 통해 성숙한 종자에서 씨앗이 떨어져 멀리 흩어지기 때문에 해당 종이 널리 확산되는데 탈립이 매우 유리한 방식이다. 하지만 인간이 야생식물을 작물로 재배할 때는 탈립으로 인해 곡물의 수확량이 줄어들고 관리가 어려워져서, 오히려 불필요한 특성 중 하나가 되었다. 이에 '내탈립성' 계통의 식물이 선호되면서, 식물의 탈립을 막거나 줄이기 위한 여러 가지 방안이 개발되고 있다. 예를 들어, 2009년 농촌진흥청은 곡물을 수확할 때 탈립으로 인한 손실을 줄이기 위해, 내탈립성 참깨 품종인 '고품깨'를 개발하였다. (ko)
gold:hypernym
prov:wasDerivedFrom
page length (characters) of wiki page
foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf
is Link from a Wikipage to another Wikipage of
is Wikipage disambiguates of
is foaf:primaryTopic of
Faceted Search & Find service v1.17_git139 as of Feb 29 2024


Alternative Linked Data Documents: ODE     Content Formats:   [cxml] [csv]     RDF   [text] [turtle] [ld+json] [rdf+json] [rdf+xml]     ODATA   [atom+xml] [odata+json]     Microdata   [microdata+json] [html]    About   
This material is Open Knowledge   W3C Semantic Web Technology [RDF Data] Valid XHTML + RDFa
OpenLink Virtuoso version 08.03.3330 as of Mar 19 2024, on Linux (x86_64-generic-linux-glibc212), Single-Server Edition (62 GB total memory, 43 GB memory in use)
Data on this page belongs to its respective rights holders.
Virtuoso Faceted Browser Copyright © 2009-2024 OpenLink Software