Sir Robert Stevenson Aitken (16 April 1901 – 10 April 1997) was a physician and university administrator from New Zealand. He was vice-chancellor of the University of Otago in New Zealand between 1948 and 1953 and of the University of Birmingham between 1953 and 1968. In 1953, Aitken was awarded the Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Medal. He was appointed a Knight Bachelor in the 1960 Queen's Birthday Honours.