Process-oriented programming is a programming paradigm that separates the concerns of data structures and the concurrent processes that act upon them. The data structures in this case are typically persistent, complex, and large scale - the subject of general purpose applications, as opposed to specialized processing of specialized data sets seen in high productivity applications (HPC). The model allows the creation of large scale applications that partially share common data sets. Programs are functionally decomposed into parallel processes that create and act upon logically shared data.
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| - Process-oriented programming (en)
- 面向进程编程 (zh)
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| - 面向进程（process-oriented）编程，是一种编程范式，它将对数据结构的关切与对作用在其上的并发进程的关切分离开来。在这种情况下，数据结构典型的是持久的、复杂的和大规模的，是通用应用程序的主题，截然相反于在高产能应用（HPC）中所见的那种特殊数据集的特殊处理。这个模型允许建立部份的分享公共数据集的大规模应用。程序在功能上解构成建立并作用在逻辑上共享的数据上的并行进程。 这个范式最初在1980年代为并行计算机而发明，特别是用transputer微处理器建造的计算机，或类似的架构。Occam语言是为Transputer开发的早期的面向进程语言。 从Occam的消息传递范式已经演变出了一些派生语言，用来在和共享内存并行计算机之间迁移应用程序的时候，等够达成一致的效能。第一个这种派生实例出现在耶鲁大学于1990年设计的编程语言之中。此后类似的模型陆续出现，松散的结合了SQL数据库和面向对象语言比如Java，经常称为模型，并广泛的用于现在的大规模分布式系统中。随着微处理器增加每芯片的处理器数目（多核），这个范式也出现在桌面计算机上。 演员模型可有效的描述为一类特殊化的面向进程系统，在其中消息传递模型被限制为一种简单固定的情况，即每个进程（也就是演员）都有一个无限输入队列，任何其他进程都可以向它发送消息。 (zh)
- Process-oriented programming is a programming paradigm that separates the concerns of data structures and the concurrent processes that act upon them. The data structures in this case are typically persistent, complex, and large scale - the subject of general purpose applications, as opposed to specialized processing of specialized data sets seen in high productivity applications (HPC). The model allows the creation of large scale applications that partially share common data sets. Programs are functionally decomposed into parallel processes that create and act upon logically shared data. (en)
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| - Process-oriented programming is a programming paradigm that separates the concerns of data structures and the concurrent processes that act upon them. The data structures in this case are typically persistent, complex, and large scale - the subject of general purpose applications, as opposed to specialized processing of specialized data sets seen in high productivity applications (HPC). The model allows the creation of large scale applications that partially share common data sets. Programs are functionally decomposed into parallel processes that create and act upon logically shared data. The paradigm was originally invented for parallel computers in the 1980s, especially computers built with transputer microprocessors by INMOS, or similar architectures. Occam was an early process-oriented language developed for the Transputer. Some derivations have evolved from the message passing paradigm of Occam to enable uniform efficiency when porting applications between distributed memory and shared memory parallel computers. The first such derived example appears in the programming language Ease designed at Yale University in 1990. Similar models have appeared since in the loose combination of SQL databases and objected oriented languages such as Java, often referred to as object-relational models and widely used in large scale distributed systems today. The paradigm is likely to appear on desktop computers as microprocessors increase the number of processors (multicore) per chip. The Actor model might usefully be described as a specialized kind of process-oriented system in which the message-passing model is restricted to the simple fixed case of one infinite input queue per process (i.e. actor), to which any other process can send messages. (en)
- 面向进程（process-oriented）编程，是一种编程范式，它将对数据结构的关切与对作用在其上的并发进程的关切分离开来。在这种情况下，数据结构典型的是持久的、复杂的和大规模的，是通用应用程序的主题，截然相反于在高产能应用（HPC）中所见的那种特殊数据集的特殊处理。这个模型允许建立部份的分享公共数据集的大规模应用。程序在功能上解构成建立并作用在逻辑上共享的数据上的并行进程。 这个范式最初在1980年代为并行计算机而发明，特别是用transputer微处理器建造的计算机，或类似的架构。Occam语言是为Transputer开发的早期的面向进程语言。 从Occam的消息传递范式已经演变出了一些派生语言，用来在和共享内存并行计算机之间迁移应用程序的时候，等够达成一致的效能。第一个这种派生实例出现在耶鲁大学于1990年设计的编程语言之中。此后类似的模型陆续出现，松散的结合了SQL数据库和面向对象语言比如Java，经常称为模型，并广泛的用于现在的大规模分布式系统中。随着微处理器增加每芯片的处理器数目（多核），这个范式也出现在桌面计算机上。 演员模型可有效的描述为一类特殊化的面向进程系统，在其中消息传递模型被限制为一种简单固定的情况，即每个进程（也就是演员）都有一个无限输入队列，任何其他进程都可以向它发送消息。 (zh)
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