In language learning, the principal parts of a verb are those forms that a student must memorize in order to be able to conjugate the verb through all its forms. The concept originates in the humanist Latin schools, where students learned verbs by chanting them in the four key forms from which all other forms can be deduced, for example: fero - ferre - tuli - latum ('to carry')
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| - Stammform (Verb) (de)
- Paradigma (linguistica) (it)
- Principal parts (en)
- Tema (verb) (sv)
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| - Als Stammformen eines Verbs werden im Sprachunterricht und in der Grammatik die Formen des Verbs bezeichnet, die als Grundlage zur Bildung der Flexionsformen dienen. Ausgehend von den Stammformen lassen sich durch Anfügung der Flexionsendungen alle Flexionsformen des Verbs ableiten. Die Stammformen decken also alle Erscheinungsformen ab, die der lexikalische Teil des Wortes (Wortstamm) annehmen kann. Bei den starken Verben des Germanischen ist etwa zwischen vier Stammformen zu unterscheiden: je eine für Präsens und Infinitiv, Präteritum Singular, Präteritum Plural und Partizip Perfekt. (de)
- In grammatica, il termine paradigma ha solitamente due accezioni distinte. Può indicare:
* un modello di declinazione o di coniugazione, presentato solitamente dai manuali di studio attraverso una parola esemplificativa che lo segue;
* un insieme ridotto di forme verbali fondamentali, la cui conoscenza permette di coniugare il verbo in tutte le altre forme. (it)
- In language learning, the principal parts of a verb are those forms that a student must memorize in order to be able to conjugate the verb through all its forms. The concept originates in the humanist Latin schools, where students learned verbs by chanting them in the four key forms from which all other forms can be deduced, for example: fero - ferre - tuli - latum ('to carry') (en)
- Tema är hur ett verb böjs, en kort sammanfattning av verbets paradigm. Varje språk har sitt eget särskilda sätt att böja verb. Det är långt ifrån alla där temabegreppet passar in. Paradigm är mer generellt. I svenska delas verbens böjningsformer in i finita och infinita former: Finita böjningsändelser:
* presens - springer
* preteritum - sprang Infinita böjningsändelser:
* infinitiv - (att) springa
* supinum - sprungit
* presens particip - springande
* perfekt particip - sprungen Ett verbs tema i svenska brukar anges som "infinitivt - preteritum - supinum": "springa - sprang - sprungit". (sv)
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| - Als Stammformen eines Verbs werden im Sprachunterricht und in der Grammatik die Formen des Verbs bezeichnet, die als Grundlage zur Bildung der Flexionsformen dienen. Ausgehend von den Stammformen lassen sich durch Anfügung der Flexionsendungen alle Flexionsformen des Verbs ableiten. Die Stammformen decken also alle Erscheinungsformen ab, die der lexikalische Teil des Wortes (Wortstamm) annehmen kann. Bei den starken Verben des Germanischen ist etwa zwischen vier Stammformen zu unterscheiden: je eine für Präsens und Infinitiv, Präteritum Singular, Präteritum Plural und Partizip Perfekt. (de)
- In language learning, the principal parts of a verb are those forms that a student must memorize in order to be able to conjugate the verb through all its forms. The concept originates in the humanist Latin schools, where students learned verbs by chanting them in the four key forms from which all other forms can be deduced, for example: fero - ferre - tuli - latum ('to carry') Not all languages have to be taught in this way. In French, for example, regular verbs can be deduced from a single form, the infinitive, and irregular verbs are too random to be systematized under fixed parts. But the concept can be carried over to many languages in which the verbs have some kind of "regular irregularity", i.e. irregularity always occurs at the same place in an otherwise regular system. Although the term 'principal part' is usually applied to verbs, the same phenomenon can be found in some languages in nouns and other word types. It is normally restricted to regular verbs, nouns, etc., and applies to languages where the regular paradigm is based on more than one underlying form. It does not cover random irregularities. (en)
- In grammatica, il termine paradigma ha solitamente due accezioni distinte. Può indicare:
* un modello di declinazione o di coniugazione, presentato solitamente dai manuali di studio attraverso una parola esemplificativa che lo segue;
* un insieme ridotto di forme verbali fondamentali, la cui conoscenza permette di coniugare il verbo in tutte le altre forme. (it)
- Tema är hur ett verb böjs, en kort sammanfattning av verbets paradigm. Varje språk har sitt eget särskilda sätt att böja verb. Det är långt ifrån alla där temabegreppet passar in. Paradigm är mer generellt. I svenska delas verbens böjningsformer in i finita och infinita former: Finita böjningsändelser:
* presens - springer
* preteritum - sprang Infinita böjningsändelser:
* infinitiv - (att) springa
* supinum - sprungit
* presens particip - springande
* perfekt particip - sprungen Ett verbs tema i svenska brukar anges som "infinitivt - preteritum - supinum": "springa - sprang - sprungit". Fler exempel:
* Att giva: giva-gav-givit
* Att taga: taga-tog-tagit
* Att säga: säga-sade-sagt
* Att skola: skola-skulle-skolat (sv)
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