A primary authority is a term used in legal research to refer to statements of law that are binding upon the courts, government, and individuals. Primary authority is usually in the form of a document that establishes the law, and if no document exists, is a legal opinion of a court. The search for applicable primary authority is the most important part of the process of legal research. Examples of primary authority include the verbatim texts of: The term 'primary authority' is used to distinguish primary authority materials from texts considered to be secondary authority.
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| - السلطة الأولية (ar)
- Primary authority (en)
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| - السلطة الأولية (Primary authority) هي مصطلح يستخدم في البحث القانوني للإشارة إلى بيانات قانونية ملزمة للمحاكم، والحكومة، والأفراد. عادة ما تكون السلطة الأولية في شكل وثيقة تحدد القانون، وإذا لم يكن هناك مستند موجود فهي تعد رأيا قانونيا في المحكمة. إن البحث عن السلطة الأولية القابلة للتطبيق هو أهم جزء في عملية البحث القانوني. تشمل أمثلة السلطة الأولية النصوص الحرفية التالية: (ar)
- A primary authority is a term used in legal research to refer to statements of law that are binding upon the courts, government, and individuals. Primary authority is usually in the form of a document that establishes the law, and if no document exists, is a legal opinion of a court. The search for applicable primary authority is the most important part of the process of legal research. Examples of primary authority include the verbatim texts of: The term 'primary authority' is used to distinguish primary authority materials from texts considered to be secondary authority. (en)
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| - السلطة الأولية (Primary authority) هي مصطلح يستخدم في البحث القانوني للإشارة إلى بيانات قانونية ملزمة للمحاكم، والحكومة، والأفراد. عادة ما تكون السلطة الأولية في شكل وثيقة تحدد القانون، وإذا لم يكن هناك مستند موجود فهي تعد رأيا قانونيا في المحكمة. إن البحث عن السلطة الأولية القابلة للتطبيق هو أهم جزء في عملية البحث القانوني. تشمل أمثلة السلطة الأولية النصوص الحرفية التالية:
* الدساتير.
* القوانين الأساسية
* القانون التشريعي
* المعاهدات وبعض مواد القانون الدولي الأخرى.
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* آراء المحكمة
* قواعد إجراءات المحاكم
* قواعد الأدلة
* القواعد الناظمة لسلوك المحامين
* الإدارية
* أوامر تنفيذية. (ar)
- A primary authority is a term used in legal research to refer to statements of law that are binding upon the courts, government, and individuals. Primary authority is usually in the form of a document that establishes the law, and if no document exists, is a legal opinion of a court. The search for applicable primary authority is the most important part of the process of legal research. Examples of primary authority include the verbatim texts of:
* Constitutions;
* Basic laws;
* Statutes (whether codified or uncodified);
* Treaties and certain other international law materials;
* Municipal charters and ordinances;
* Court opinions;
* Books of authority;
* Rules of court procedure;
* Rules of evidence;
* Rules governing the conduct of lawyers;
* Administrative regulations;
* Executive orders. Verbatim re-prints by private commercial law publishing companies are also considered primary authority, as long as the document purports to be and actually is a verbatim re-print of the applicable document, statute, regulation, court opinion, etc. Many lawyers, legal scholars, government agencies and others use verbatim re-prints of texts published by private publishing companies. The term 'primary authority' is used to distinguish primary authority materials from texts considered to be secondary authority. Primary Authority can also refer to the scheme, created by the British Government, for Local Authority Regulators to provide businesses with tailored advice on regulatory matters. The formal relationship where a business or organisation works together with a Regulator under the scheme is referred to as a Primary Authority Partnership. (en)
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