Eswatini is an absolute monarchy with constitutional provisions and Swazi law and Custom. The head of state is the king or Ngwenyama (lit. Lion), currently King Mswati III, who ascended to the throne in 1986 after the death of his father King Sobhuza II in 1982 and a period of regency. According to the constitution of Eswatini, the king and Ingwenyama is a symbol of unity and the eternity of the Swazi nation. By tradition, the king reigns along with his mother or a ritual substitute, the Ndlovukati (lit. She-Elephant). The former was viewed as the administrative head of state and the latter as a spiritual and national head of state, with real power counterbalancing that of the king, but during the long reign of Sobhuza II the role of the Ndlovukati became more symbolic. The king appoints t
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| - Politics of Eswatini (en)
- Politisches System Eswatinis (de)
- Política de Suazilandia (es)
- Politique en Eswatini (fr)
- Política de Essuatíni (pt)
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| - Das politische System Eswatinis (bis 2018 Swasiland) wird von der Position des absolut regierenden Königs – seit 1986 Mswati III. – dominiert. Die gegenwärtige Verfassung Eswatinis gilt seit 2005. Sie berücksichtigt zahlreiche eswatinische Traditionen. (de)
- L’Eswatini est une monarchie absolue. Les pouvoirs exécutif, législatif et judiciaire sont concentrés dans les mains du roi (Ngwenyama) assisté du conseil des ministres et du parlement. La reine-mère (Ndlovukati), ou l’une des épouses du roi si cette dernière est décédée, est responsable des rituels nationaux et exerce la régence en cas de mort du roi et si son héritier n’est pas en mesure de gouverner. (fr)
- O Reino de Essuatíni é uma das últimas monarquia absolutistas existentes. A constituição de 1978 atribuía o poder executivo e legislativo supremo ao rei, que é o chefe de Estado. Exerce o poder executivo um gabinete por ele nomeado, sendo então chefiado pelo primeiro-ministro. (pt)
- El sistema de gobierno de Suazilandia (oficialmente Reino de Esuatini) consiste en una monarquía absoluta. El rey (Mswati III desde 1986) es el jefe de Estado y quien nombra a los ministros (incluyendo al primer ministro-jefe de Gobierno). Ejerce simultáneamente tanto el poder ejecutivo como el legislativo. Tradicionalmente el Rey gobierna junto a la Reina Madre o Indovuzaki (lit. Gran Elefanta), la cual es vista como una líder espiritual. (es)
- Eswatini is an absolute monarchy with constitutional provisions and Swazi law and Custom. The head of state is the king or Ngwenyama (lit. Lion), currently King Mswati III, who ascended to the throne in 1986 after the death of his father King Sobhuza II in 1982 and a period of regency. According to the constitution of Eswatini, the king and Ingwenyama is a symbol of unity and the eternity of the Swazi nation. By tradition, the king reigns along with his mother or a ritual substitute, the Ndlovukati (lit. She-Elephant). The former was viewed as the administrative head of state and the latter as a spiritual and national head of state, with real power counterbalancing that of the king, but during the long reign of Sobhuza II the role of the Ndlovukati became more symbolic. The king appoints t (en)
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| - Das politische System Eswatinis (bis 2018 Swasiland) wird von der Position des absolut regierenden Königs – seit 1986 Mswati III. – dominiert. Die gegenwärtige Verfassung Eswatinis gilt seit 2005. Sie berücksichtigt zahlreiche eswatinische Traditionen. (de)
- El sistema de gobierno de Suazilandia (oficialmente Reino de Esuatini) consiste en una monarquía absoluta. El rey (Mswati III desde 1986) es el jefe de Estado y quien nombra a los ministros (incluyendo al primer ministro-jefe de Gobierno). Ejerce simultáneamente tanto el poder ejecutivo como el legislativo. Tradicionalmente el Rey gobierna junto a la Reina Madre o Indovuzaki (lit. Gran Elefanta), la cual es vista como una líder espiritual. El Parlamento bicameral (Libandla) se limita a debatir las propuestas del Gobierno y a aconsejar al Rey. Debido al régimen absolutista, la actividad de los partidos políticos se encuentra altamente limitada, tanto es así que las elecciones legislativas de septiembre de 2018 se realizaron sin que los candidatos pudieran estar afiliados, ni pudieran dar mítines políticos. Amnistía Internacional y algunas asociaciones de defensa de los derechos locales presentaron protestas por este procedimiento. Por otra parte, el Rey se encuentra por encima incluso de la Constitución y sus decisiones son acatadas por el gobierno y el parlamento. (es)
- L’Eswatini est une monarchie absolue. Les pouvoirs exécutif, législatif et judiciaire sont concentrés dans les mains du roi (Ngwenyama) assisté du conseil des ministres et du parlement. La reine-mère (Ndlovukati), ou l’une des épouses du roi si cette dernière est décédée, est responsable des rituels nationaux et exerce la régence en cas de mort du roi et si son héritier n’est pas en mesure de gouverner. (fr)
- Eswatini is an absolute monarchy with constitutional provisions and Swazi law and Custom. The head of state is the king or Ngwenyama (lit. Lion), currently King Mswati III, who ascended to the throne in 1986 after the death of his father King Sobhuza II in 1982 and a period of regency. According to the constitution of Eswatini, the king and Ingwenyama is a symbol of unity and the eternity of the Swazi nation. By tradition, the king reigns along with his mother or a ritual substitute, the Ndlovukati (lit. She-Elephant). The former was viewed as the administrative head of state and the latter as a spiritual and national head of state, with real power counterbalancing that of the king, but during the long reign of Sobhuza II the role of the Ndlovukati became more symbolic. The king appoints the prime minister from the legislature and also appoints a minority of legislators to both chambers of Libandla (parliament), with help from an advisory council. The king is allowed by the constitution to appoint some members to parliament for special interests. These special interests are citizens who might have been left out by the electorate during the course of elections or did not enter as candidates. This is done to balance views in parliament. Special interests could be people of gender, race, disability, business community, civic society, scholars, chiefs and so on. The Senate consists of 30 members, of which some are appointed by the king on recommendation of the advisory council and others elected by the lower house. The House of Assembly has 65 seats, of which 55 are occupied by elected representatives from the 55 constituencies around the country, and 10 are appointed by the king on recommendation of the advisory council. The attorney general is the ex-officio member. Elections are held every five years. (en)
- O Reino de Essuatíni é uma das últimas monarquia absolutistas existentes. A constituição de 1978 atribuía o poder executivo e legislativo supremo ao rei, que é o chefe de Estado. Exerce o poder executivo um gabinete por ele nomeado, sendo então chefiado pelo primeiro-ministro. (pt)
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