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Opportunity NYC was an experimental conditional cash transfer program (CCT) by the Mayor of New York City, Michael Bloomberg. Announced in April 2007, it was the first CCT program to be launched in the United States. Its initial phases were funded by a number of private partners including The Rockefeller Foundation, Robin Hood Foundation, the Open Society Institute, Starr Foundation, AIG, and Mayor Bloomberg's own Bloomberg Family Foundation. The program is being evaluated by MDRC, a nonprofit research firm, using a random assignment research design. Opportunity NYC is administered by Seedco, a nonprofit community development organization. The program ended on 31 August 2010.

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  • Opportunity NYC (en)
  • Opportunity NYC (pt)
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  • Opportunity NYC was an experimental conditional cash transfer program (CCT) by the Mayor of New York City, Michael Bloomberg. Announced in April 2007, it was the first CCT program to be launched in the United States. Its initial phases were funded by a number of private partners including The Rockefeller Foundation, Robin Hood Foundation, the Open Society Institute, Starr Foundation, AIG, and Mayor Bloomberg's own Bloomberg Family Foundation. The program is being evaluated by MDRC, a nonprofit research firm, using a random assignment research design. Opportunity NYC is administered by Seedco, a nonprofit community development organization. The program ended on 31 August 2010. (en)
  • Opportunity NYC foi um programa de transferências condicionais - pioneiro nos Estados Unidos - e que foi criado em 2007, pela Municipalidade de Nova York, inspirado em programas similares como o Bolsa Família brasileiro, e o Oportunidades mexicano (do qual copiou o nome). O Opportunity NYC, vinculado ao Center for Economic Opportunity, foi uma das principais iniciativas do Prefeito de Nova-York, Michael R. Bloomberg.. Esse programa, em sua fase inicial, contou com a parceria das seguintes entidades: Fundação Rockfeller, Fundação Robin Hood, The Open Society Institute, American International Group AIG e a fundação pessoal do prefeito Bloomberg, a Bloomberg Family Foundation. (pt)
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  • Opportunity NYC was an experimental conditional cash transfer program (CCT) by the Mayor of New York City, Michael Bloomberg. Announced in April 2007, it was the first CCT program to be launched in the United States. Its initial phases were funded by a number of private partners including The Rockefeller Foundation, Robin Hood Foundation, the Open Society Institute, Starr Foundation, AIG, and Mayor Bloomberg's own Bloomberg Family Foundation. The program is being evaluated by MDRC, a nonprofit research firm, using a random assignment research design. Opportunity NYC is administered by Seedco, a nonprofit community development organization. The program ended on 31 August 2010. The program hoped to build on the successes of similar programs that had garnered international recognition in the developing world, namely the Bolsa Familia in Brazil and a similar program, known as Oportunidades in Mexico which is a 10-year-old aid initiative that has been credited with alleviating Mexico's direst poverty and makes demands on participants while offering small but meaningful cash rewards. The cash payments go to the family, almost always the mother or other female head of the household. Parents can receive from $40 to $100 a month if they keep up with responsibilities such as taking their children to the doctor or keeping them in school. The program has three components: an education, health and work component. The education component gave money for certain milestones, including $50/month for 95% high school attendance, $600 for each Regent exam passed by a high school student, and $25 per parent-teacher conference the parents attended. The health component gave money for health related milestones, including $200 for each family member who received a non-emergency checkup from a doctor, and $200 upon completion of a pediatrician advised Early Intervention evaluation for a child under 30 months. The work component gives families $300 for someone working an average of 30 hours/week for 2 months, or between $300–$600 for completing an education or professional training course. The World Bank, considers that "Conditional cash transfers provide money directly to poor families via a 'social contract' with the beneficiaries – for example, sending children to school regularly or bringing them to health centers. For extremely poor families, cash provides emergency assistance, while the conditionalities promote longer-term investments in human capital." Those on the right applaud the system because it relies on individual initiative and acts as an investment in the future: Children in the program are healthier, they stay in school longer and they grow up with a better chance to become productive citizens. Those on the left say the program helps stabilize troubled families and gives poor children more consistent access to society's benefits. (en)
  • Opportunity NYC foi um programa de transferências condicionais - pioneiro nos Estados Unidos - e que foi criado em 2007, pela Municipalidade de Nova York, inspirado em programas similares como o Bolsa Família brasileiro, e o Oportunidades mexicano (do qual copiou o nome). O Opportunity NYC, vinculado ao Center for Economic Opportunity, foi uma das principais iniciativas do Prefeito de Nova-York, Michael R. Bloomberg.. Esse programa, em sua fase inicial, contou com a parceria das seguintes entidades: Fundação Rockfeller, Fundação Robin Hood, The Open Society Institute, American International Group AIG e a fundação pessoal do prefeito Bloomberg, a Bloomberg Family Foundation. O programa foi encerrado em agosto de 2010, em vista dos poucos resultados alcançados na melhoria das condições de saúde e educação das famílias atendidas. Programas de transferências condicionais são políticas sociais correntemente empregadas para combater e reduzir a pobreza em diversos países. A finalidade desses programas no curto prazo é aliviar os problemas decorrentes da situação de pobreza e no longo prazo, investir no capital humano, quebrando o ciclo intergeracional (i.é: de uma geração para outra) da pobreza e que começaram a ganhar força em 1997, quando havia apenas três países no mundo com essa experiência: Bangladesh, México e Brasil. "Para todos nós o estresse da vida diária pode nos obrigar a tomar decisões que não são de nosso melhor interesse. Viver na pobreza torna tomar decisões acertadas ainda mais difícil e pode representar a falta a uma consulta médica indispensável, por exemplo", disse o prefeito Bloomberg. "As famílias que lutam para sobreviver ficam tão focalizadas, em seu dia-a-dia, na própria sobrevivência que é frequentemente difícil para eles planejar seu próprio futuro. Nós estamos seriamente decididos a combater a pobreza na cidade de Nova York e estamos empenhados em encontrar maneiras inovadoras para atingir esse objetivo. O Opportunity NYC dá aos nova-iorquinos pobres um incentivo financeiro para olharem para seu futuro, e para ajudá-los a tomar decisões que melhorem sua perspectiva de vida". Michael R. Bloomberg, Prefeito de Nova York, no comunicado à imprensa por ocasião da inauguração do programa Nos Estados Unidos, ao contrário do Brasil, onde o Programa Bolsa Família ainda é muito polêmico, e sofre ácidas críticas de alguns setores da população - tanto da direita como da esquerda - o Opportunity NYC foi bem aceito por todo o espectro das preferências políticas norte-americanas: "Aqueles da direita aplaudem o sistema por que ele se baseia na iniciativa individual e funciona como um investimento no futuro: crianças no programa se tornam mais saudáveis e permanecem na escola por mais tempo, crescendo com uma melhor chance de se tornarem cidadãos produtivos. Os da esquerda dizem que o programa ajuda a establizar as famílias com problemas financeiros, e permite assim às crianças pobres a possibilidade de um acesso mais justo aos benefícios sociais." (pt)
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