The Meredith effect is a phenomenon whereby the aerodynamic drag produced by a cooling radiator may be offset by careful design of the cooling duct such that useful thrust is produced by the expansion of the hot air in the duct. The effect was discovered in the 1930s and became more important as the speeds of piston-engined aircraft increased over the next decade.
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| - Efecto Meredith (es)
- Effet Meredith (fr)
- Effetto Meredith (it)
- Meredith effect (en)
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| - El Efecto Meredith es un fenómeno físico en el que la resistencia aerodinámica producida por un radiador de enfriamiento puede ser compensada mediante el diseño meticuloso de un conducto de enfriamiento de modo tal que se produce empuje útil. El efecto fue descubierto en la década de 1930 y se hizo tangible cuando se consiguió el aumento de la velocidad en aeronaves propulsadas por motores a pistón en la década siguiente. (es)
- L'effet Meredith est un phénomène par lequel la traînée aérodynamique produite par un radiateur se rafraîchissant peut être compensée par la conception des conduits de refroidissement, de façon telle qu'une poussée utile soit produite. Cet effet a été découvert dans les années 1930, et est devenu de plus en plus important au fur et à mesure que les vitesses des avions à moteur à pistons ont augmenté au cours de la décennie suivante. Il a aussi trouvé sa place - entre autres - dans les Formule 1. (fr)
- Con effetto Meredith si intende un fenomeno fisico per cui la resistenza aerodinamica causata da un radiatore è compensata attraverso una adeguata progettazione del condotto di raffreddamento in grado di generare una spinta utile aggiuntiva. Inizialmente scoperto negli anni trenta, fu estensivamente impiegato nel decennio successivo quando le velocità degli aerei con motori a pistoni aumentarono tanto da rendere tangibile il beneficio di questa configurazione. (it)
- The Meredith effect is a phenomenon whereby the aerodynamic drag produced by a cooling radiator may be offset by careful design of the cooling duct such that useful thrust is produced by the expansion of the hot air in the duct. The effect was discovered in the 1930s and became more important as the speeds of piston-engined aircraft increased over the next decade. (en)
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| - El Efecto Meredith es un fenómeno físico en el que la resistencia aerodinámica producida por un radiador de enfriamiento puede ser compensada mediante el diseño meticuloso de un conducto de enfriamiento de modo tal que se produce empuje útil. El efecto fue descubierto en la década de 1930 y se hizo tangible cuando se consiguió el aumento de la velocidad en aeronaves propulsadas por motores a pistón en la década siguiente. (es)
- The Meredith effect is a phenomenon whereby the aerodynamic drag produced by a cooling radiator may be offset by careful design of the cooling duct such that useful thrust is produced by the expansion of the hot air in the duct. The effect was discovered in the 1930s and became more important as the speeds of piston-engined aircraft increased over the next decade. The Meredith effect occurs when air flowing through a duct is heated by a heat-exchanger or radiator containing a hot working fluid such as ethylene glycol. Typically the fluid is a coolant carrying waste heat from an internal combustion engine. The duct must be travelling at a significant speed with respect to the air for the effect to occur. Air flowing into the duct meets drag resistance from the radiator surface and is compressed due to the ram air effect. As the air flows through the radiator it is heated, raising its temperature slightly and increasing its volume. The hot, pressurised air then exits through the exhaust duct which is shaped to be convergent, i.e. to narrow towards the rear. This accelerates the air backwards and the reaction of this acceleration against the installation provides a small forward thrust. The air expands and decreases temperature as it passes along the duct, before emerging to join the external air flow. Thus, the three processes of an open Brayton cycle are achieved: compression, heat addition at constant pressure and expansion. The thrust obtainable depends upon the pressure ratio between the inside and outside of the duct and the temperature of the coolant. The higher boiling point of ethylene glycol compared to water allows the air to attain a higher temperature increasing the specific thrust. If the generated thrust is less than the aerodynamic drag of the ducting and radiator, then the arrangement serves to reduce the net aerodynamic drag of the radiator installation. If the generated thrust exceeds the aerodynamic drag of the installation, then the entire assemblage contributes a net forward thrust to the vehicle. The Meredith effect inspired the early American work on the aero-thermodynamic duct or ramjet, due to the similarity of their principles of operation. In more recent times the phenomenon has been utilised in racing cars by mounting the engine cooling radiators in tunnels. (en)
- L'effet Meredith est un phénomène par lequel la traînée aérodynamique produite par un radiateur se rafraîchissant peut être compensée par la conception des conduits de refroidissement, de façon telle qu'une poussée utile soit produite. Cet effet a été découvert dans les années 1930, et est devenu de plus en plus important au fur et à mesure que les vitesses des avions à moteur à pistons ont augmenté au cours de la décennie suivante. Il a aussi trouvé sa place - entre autres - dans les Formule 1. (fr)
- Con effetto Meredith si intende un fenomeno fisico per cui la resistenza aerodinamica causata da un radiatore è compensata attraverso una adeguata progettazione del condotto di raffreddamento in grado di generare una spinta utile aggiuntiva. Inizialmente scoperto negli anni trenta, fu estensivamente impiegato nel decennio successivo quando le velocità degli aerei con motori a pistoni aumentarono tanto da rendere tangibile il beneficio di questa configurazione. (it)
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