Käthe Rosenthal (1893–1942) was a German botanist. Her major work was on the genus Daphniphyllum. She worked at the Silesian Freidrich-Wilhelms-University in Breslau and at the Prussian Academy of Sciences in Berlin. At the beginning of September 1942, the Jewish scientist was deported from her place of residence in Berlin to the Riga Ghetto, where she was murdered a few days later.