Colonel John Tayloe II (28 May 1721 – 18 April 1779) was a planter and politician, among the richest planters in colonial Virginia. He served in public office including the Virginia Governor's Council, also known as the Virginia Council of State. He has been described as a "model Virginia planter, planting tobacco, wheat and corn and raising livestock", what were known as mixed crops. A fifth-generation planter from the , he took over the management of the Neabsco Iron Works during the 1740s, likely after his father's death in 1747.