About: John Shaw Billings

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John Shaw Billings (April 12, 1838 – March 11, 1913) was an American librarian, building designer, and surgeon. However, he is best known as the modernizer of the Library of the Surgeon General's Office of the Army. His work with Andrew Carnegie led to the development and his service as the first director of the New York Public Library. Billings oversaw the building of the Surgeon General's Library, which was the nation's first comprehensive library for medicine. Because of his approach to improving public health and hospitals, Billings headed the U.S. Census Office's division of Vital Statistics and oversaw statistical compilation of censuses. With Robert Fletcher, Billings developed Index Medicus, a monthly guide to contemporary medicine that ran for 16 months until his retirement at the

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rdfs:label	جون شو بيلينغز (ar) John Shaw Billings (ca) John Shaw Billings (cs) John Shaw Billings (de) John Shaw Billings (en) ジョン・ショウ・ビリングス (ja) John Shaw Billings (sv)
rdfs:comment	John Shaw Billings (* 12. April 1838 im Switzerland County, Indiana; † 11. März 1913 (nach anderen Angaben am 10. März 1913) in New York, New York) war ein US-amerikanischer Chirurg und Bibliothekar. Er ist vor allem als eigentlicher „Begründer“ der Library of the Surgeon General’s Office bekannt, der heutigen United States National Library of Medicine. (de) جون شو بيلينغز (بالإنجليزية: John Shaw Billings)‏ (12 أبريل 1838 - 11 مارس 1913) كان أمين المكتبة الأمريكية وجراح أمريكي ومعروف باسم مجدد مكتبة المكتب الجراح العام للجيش وباعتباره أول مدير لمكتبة نيويورك العامة. (ar) ジョン・ショウ・ビリングス（John Shaw Billings、1838年4月12日 - 1913年3月11日）は、アメリカ合衆国の軍医・司書。アメリカ陸軍軍医総監代理を務めた後にニューヨーク公共図書館初代館長となった。 (ja) John Shaw Billings (Allensville, 12 d'abril de 1838 - Nova York, 11 de març de 1913) va ser un bibliotecari, dissenyador d'edificis i cirurgià nord-americà. No obstant això, és més conegut com el modernitzador de la de Cirurgia General de l'Exèrcit. El seu treball amb Andrew Carnegie va conduir al desenvolupament i al seu servei com a primer director de la Biblioteca Pública de Nova York. Billings va supervisar la construcció de la biblioteca del cirurgià general, que va ser la primera biblioteca completa de medicina del país. A causa del seu enfocament per millorar la salut pública i els hospitals, Billings va dirigir la divisió d' de l'Oficina del Cens dels Estats Units i va supervisar la recopilació estadística dels censos. Amb Robert Fletcher, Billings va desenvolupar , una guia mensu (ca) John Shaw Billings (12. dubna 1838, Allensville, Indiana – 11. března 1913, New York City) byl americký knihovník, stavební projektant a chirurg.Ponejvíce je známý jako modernizátor vojenské knihovny Library of the Surgeon General's Office a jako první ředitel New York Public Library. Na začátku své kariéry pracoval jako chirurg a medicínský statistik pro americkou armádu. Dohlížel také na stavbu Surgeon General's Library, první národní všeobecné medicínské knihovny. Díky jeho inovativním přístupům v otázkách zlepšování veřejného zdraví a veřejných nemocnic vedl posléze U.S. Census Bureau’s division of Vital Statistics a dohlížel na shromažďování a zpracovávání dat při sčítání lidu. Společně s Robertem Fletcherem založil Billings Index Medicus, měsíčního průvodce současnou medicínou, který (cs) John Shaw Billings (April 12, 1838 – March 11, 1913) was an American librarian, building designer, and surgeon. However, he is best known as the modernizer of the Library of the Surgeon General's Office of the Army. His work with Andrew Carnegie led to the development and his service as the first director of the New York Public Library. Billings oversaw the building of the Surgeon General's Library, which was the nation's first comprehensive library for medicine. Because of his approach to improving public health and hospitals, Billings headed the U.S. Census Office's division of Vital Statistics and oversaw statistical compilation of censuses. With Robert Fletcher, Billings developed Index Medicus, a monthly guide to contemporary medicine that ran for 16 months until his retirement at the (en) John Shaw Billings, född 12 april 1838 och död 11 mars 1913, var läkare och chefbibliotekarie vid Surgeon General Office i USA. Billings blev medicine doktor 1860 och deltog som militärläkare under amerikanska inbördeskriget, bland annat vid slaget i Gettysburg 1863. År 1865 blev han vid 27 års ålder chef för det militärmedicinska biblioteket som generalläkaren i USA börjat samla i mitten av 1800-talet. Under hans tjänstgöringstid växte biblioteket från några tusen exemplar till 116 000 år 1895. För att registrera innehållet i den stora samlingen skapade Billings ett rubriksystem, benämnt MeSH (medical subject headings), som han utarbetade på 1870-talet. De medicinska artiklarna katalogiserades i "Index Medicus" med start år 1879. I vidareutvecklingen av detta arbete samarbetade han med He (sv)
foaf:name	John Shaw Billings (en)
name	John Shaw Billings (en)
foaf:depiction
birth place	Allensville, Indiana
death place	New York City
death place	New York City, US (en)
death date	1913-03-11 (xsd:date)
birth place	Allensville, Indiana, US (en)
birth date	1838-04-12 (xsd:date)
dcterms:subject	New York Public Library people 1838 births People from Switzerland County, Indiana 1913 deaths American book editors American librarians Burials at Arlington National Cemetery Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences Members of the American Antiquarian Society Physicians from New York City

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