The Hessian fly or barley midge, Mayetiola destructor, is a species of fly that is a significant pest of cereal crops including wheat, barley and rye. Though a native of Asia, upon its discovery it was believed to have been transported into North America in the straw bedding of Hessian troops during the American Revolution (1775–1783), thus the origin of its common name. However, the report of an inquiry made in 1788 by Sir Joseph Banks states that "no such insect could be found to exist in Germany or any other part of Europe". Nonetheless, it appears that this species, or one exactly like it in habits, had been known for at least a century prior to the American revolution from a locality near Geneva, and also for a long time from some regions in France.
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| - Hessenfliege (de)
- Mayetiola destructor (es)
- Mayetiola destructor (fr)
- Hessian fly (en)
- Hessische mug (nl)
- Гессенская муха (ru)
- Korngallmygga (sv)
- Муха гессенська (uk)
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| - Die Hessenfliege (Mayetiola destructor), auch Hessenmücke, Roggengallmücke oder Getreideverwüster genannt, gehört zur Familie der Gallmücken (Cecidomyiidae) und ist einer der wichtigsten Schädlinge im Getreide-Anbau, insbesondere an Weizen, Gerste und Roggen. Anders als für Gallmücken typisch, erzeugen ihre Larven keine Gallen, sondern parasitieren in den Halmen von Gräsern (Getreide und Wildgräser). Thomas Jefferson beschrieb die Hessenfliege erstmals 1792, und Thomas Say gab ihr den wissenschaftlichen Namen 1817. (de)
- De hessische mug (Mayetiola destructor) is een muggensoort uit de familie van de galmuggen (Cecidomyiidae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1817 door Say. (nl)
- Korngallmygga (Mayetiola destructor) är en tvåvingeart som först beskrevs av Thomas Say 1817. Arten har på svenska även kallats hessisk fluga. Arten ingår i släktet Mayetiola och familjen gallmyggor. (sv)
- Гессенская муха, или хлебный комарик, или гессенская мушка (лат. Mayetiola destructor) — двукрылое насекомое семейства галлиц. Опасный вредитель злаков. (ru)
- Муха гессенська (Mayetiola destructor Say.) — шкідлива муха з родини галиць. Поширена по всій території України, частіше шкоди завдає y Степу. Пошкоджує пшеницю, ячмінь, жито, . (uk)
- La mosca del trigo (Mayetiola destructor) es una especie de mosca de la familia Cecidomyiidae que es una plaga de las cosechas de cereales, incluidos trigo, cebada y centeno. Si bien originalmente era nativa de Asia, fue transportada a Europa y posteriormente a América del Norte, aparentemente en los colchones de paja de las tropas alemanas (soldados hessianos) durante la Revolución de las Trece Colonias (1775–83). (es)
- The Hessian fly or barley midge, Mayetiola destructor, is a species of fly that is a significant pest of cereal crops including wheat, barley and rye. Though a native of Asia, upon its discovery it was believed to have been transported into North America in the straw bedding of Hessian troops during the American Revolution (1775–1783), thus the origin of its common name. However, the report of an inquiry made in 1788 by Sir Joseph Banks states that "no such insect could be found to exist in Germany or any other part of Europe". Nonetheless, it appears that this species, or one exactly like it in habits, had been known for at least a century prior to the American revolution from a locality near Geneva, and also for a long time from some regions in France. (en)
- Mayetiola destructor, la mouche de Hesse, est une espèce d'insectes diptères de la famille des cécidomyies. Il s'agit d'une espèce non gallicole qui cause de sérieux dégâts au blé, à l'orge et au seigle en Europe et en Amérique du Nord. (fr)
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| - Cecidomyia destructor( Say, 1817) (en)
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| - Mayetiola destructor (en)
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| - Die Hessenfliege (Mayetiola destructor), auch Hessenmücke, Roggengallmücke oder Getreideverwüster genannt, gehört zur Familie der Gallmücken (Cecidomyiidae) und ist einer der wichtigsten Schädlinge im Getreide-Anbau, insbesondere an Weizen, Gerste und Roggen. Anders als für Gallmücken typisch, erzeugen ihre Larven keine Gallen, sondern parasitieren in den Halmen von Gräsern (Getreide und Wildgräser). Thomas Jefferson beschrieb die Hessenfliege erstmals 1792, und Thomas Say gab ihr den wissenschaftlichen Namen 1817. (de)
- La mosca del trigo (Mayetiola destructor) es una especie de mosca de la familia Cecidomyiidae que es una plaga de las cosechas de cereales, incluidos trigo, cebada y centeno. Si bien originalmente era nativa de Asia, fue transportada a Europa y posteriormente a América del Norte, aparentemente en los colchones de paja de las tropas alemanas (soldados hessianos) durante la Revolución de las Trece Colonias (1775–83). Por lo general tiene dos generaciones por año pero puede llegar a tener hasta cinco. En la primavera la hembra, de color oscuro, pone hasta 300 huevecillos rojizos en las plantas, de ordinario donde los tallos se encuentran cubiertos por las hojas; las larvas se alimentan de la savia y debilitan a las plantas, de manera que son incapaces de producir grano. (es)
- The Hessian fly or barley midge, Mayetiola destructor, is a species of fly that is a significant pest of cereal crops including wheat, barley and rye. Though a native of Asia, upon its discovery it was believed to have been transported into North America in the straw bedding of Hessian troops during the American Revolution (1775–1783), thus the origin of its common name. However, the report of an inquiry made in 1788 by Sir Joseph Banks states that "no such insect could be found to exist in Germany or any other part of Europe". Nonetheless, it appears that this species, or one exactly like it in habits, had been known for at least a century prior to the American revolution from a locality near Geneva, and also for a long time from some regions in France. There are usually two generations a year but may be up to five. In the spring the dark-coloured female lays about 250 to 300 reddish eggs on plants, usually where the stems are covered by leaves; the larvae feed on the sap and weaken the plants so that they cannot bear grain. The Hessian fly was described by Thomas Say in 1817. It is a very harmful insect. It mainly attacks the stem, although if it is especially hungry it will eat any part of the plant it can find. In 1836, a severe infestation of Hessian flies resulted in a crop shortage aggravating the financial problems of farmers prior to the Panic of 1837. (en)
- Mayetiola destructor, la mouche de Hesse, est une espèce d'insectes diptères de la famille des cécidomyies. Il s'agit d'une espèce non gallicole qui cause de sérieux dégâts au blé, à l'orge et au seigle en Europe et en Amérique du Nord. Bien qu'elle soit originaire d'Asie, elle a d'abord été transportée en Europe. Plus tard, elle est arrivée en Amérique du Nord. On suppose qu'elle est arrivée dans la paille des litières des soldats des troupes de Hesse durant la Révolution américaine (1775–1783). Il y a habituellement deux générations par an mais il peut en avoir jusqu'à cinq. Au printemps, les femelles de couleur foncée déposent environ 250 à 300 œufs rougeâtres sur des plantes, habituellement là où les tiges sont couvertes de feuilles ; les larves se nourrissent de la sève et affaiblissent les plantes au point que celles-ci ne peuvent plus produire de grains. (fr)
- De hessische mug (Mayetiola destructor) is een muggensoort uit de familie van de galmuggen (Cecidomyiidae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1817 door Say. (nl)
- Korngallmygga (Mayetiola destructor) är en tvåvingeart som först beskrevs av Thomas Say 1817. Arten har på svenska även kallats hessisk fluga. Arten ingår i släktet Mayetiola och familjen gallmyggor. (sv)
- Гессенская муха, или хлебный комарик, или гессенская мушка (лат. Mayetiola destructor) — двукрылое насекомое семейства галлиц. Опасный вредитель злаков. (ru)
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