Gaon (gā'ōn) (Hebrew: גאון, lit. 'genius', plural גְּאוֹנִים geonim — gĕ'ōnīm) may have originated as a shortened version of "Rosh Yeshivat Ge'on Ya'akov", although there are alternative explanations. In Ancient Hebrew, it referred to arrogance and haughty pride (Amos 6:8 – "I abhor the pride of Jacob and detest his fortresses; I will deliver up the city and everything in it.") and later became known as a general term for pride, both the positive and negative forms ('Pride [of]'; Late Medieval and Modern Hebrew for 'genius'). Today, it may refer to:
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- Gaon (Hebrew) (en)
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| - Ga’on (hebrejsky: גָּאוֹן, doslova „excelence“ ) je titul, jenž se dával v 7.–11. století n. l. vynikajícím židovským učencům, kteří stáli v čele babylónských duchovních akademií, z nichž vzešly první výklady Talmudu. Nejznámější z ga’onů je Sa'adja Ga'on (822-942), autor filozofického spisu Sefer emunot ve-de'ot (Kniha víry a názorů). Titulem ga’on se začali označovat též pozdější zvlášť významní rabínští učenci, k nímž patřil např. Ga'on z Vilna (1720-1797). (cs)
- Gaon (gā'ōn) (Hebrew: גאון, lit. 'genius', plural גְּאוֹנִים geonim — gĕ'ōnīm) may have originated as a shortened version of "Rosh Yeshivat Ge'on Ya'akov", although there are alternative explanations. In Ancient Hebrew, it referred to arrogance and haughty pride (Amos 6:8 – "I abhor the pride of Jacob and detest his fortresses; I will deliver up the city and everything in it.") and later became known as a general term for pride, both the positive and negative forms ('Pride [of]'; Late Medieval and Modern Hebrew for 'genius'). Today, it may refer to: (en)
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| - Ga’on (hebrejsky: גָּאוֹן, doslova „excelence“ ) je titul, jenž se dával v 7.–11. století n. l. vynikajícím židovským učencům, kteří stáli v čele babylónských duchovních akademií, z nichž vzešly první výklady Talmudu. Nejznámější z ga’onů je Sa'adja Ga'on (822-942), autor filozofického spisu Sefer emunot ve-de'ot (Kniha víry a názorů). Titulem ga’on se začali označovat též pozdější zvlášť významní rabínští učenci, k nímž patřil např. Ga'on z Vilna (1720-1797). (cs)
- Gaon (gā'ōn) (Hebrew: גאון, lit. 'genius', plural גְּאוֹנִים geonim — gĕ'ōnīm) may have originated as a shortened version of "Rosh Yeshivat Ge'on Ya'akov", although there are alternative explanations. In Ancient Hebrew, it referred to arrogance and haughty pride (Amos 6:8 – "I abhor the pride of Jacob and detest his fortresses; I will deliver up the city and everything in it.") and later became known as a general term for pride, both the positive and negative forms ('Pride [of]'; Late Medieval and Modern Hebrew for 'genius'). Today, it may refer to: One of the Geonim during the period 589–1040. Prominent Geonim include:
* Yehudai Gaon (Gaon 757–761)
* Ben Boaz (Gaon 838–848)
* Natronai ben Hilai, Gaon of Sura (Gaon to 857)
* Amram Gaon, Gaon of Sura (Gaon 857–875)
* Saadia Gaon (882/892 – 942)
* Zemah ben Hayyim (Gaon 889–895)
* Sherira Gaon (906–1006)
* Samuel ben Hofni (died 1034)
* Hai Gaon (939–1038) An honorific title given to a few leading rabbis of other countries in the same period, such as:
* Achai Gaon (?-753-?)
* Nissim Gaon (990–1062) Specific rabbis of later periods, called "gaon":
* The Vilna Gaon (1720–1797)
* The Rogatchover Gaon (1858–1936)
* The Steipler Gaon (1899–1985) Many great rabbis, although not formally referred to as the "Gaon of ..." are often lauded with this honorific as both a mark of respect and a means to indicate their greatness in the field of Torah learning, for example, one may refer to Rabbi Ovadia Yosef as "HaGaon Rabbi Ovadia Yosef". (en)
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