Fang Chao-ying 房兆楹 (pinyin: Fang Zhaoying) (b, Tianjin 1908– d. Beijing 1985) was a China-born American Sinologist, bibliographer, and historian of China best known for the contributions he and his wife, Tu Lien-che made to the biographical dictionaries Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period (1943) and Ming Biographical Dictionary (1976). He spent his professional career primarily at libraries and universities in the United States. Columbia University in 1985 conferred degrees of Doctor of Humane Letters upon Mr. and Mrs. Fang. He became an American citizen in 1958.