An engineered materials arrestor system, engineered materials arresting system (EMAS), or arrester bed is a bed of engineered materials built at the end of a runway to reduce the severity of the consequences of a runway excursion. Engineered materials are defined in FAA Advisory Circular No 150/5220-22B as "high energy absorbing materials of selected strength, which will reliably and predictably crush under the weight of an aircraft". While the current technology involves lightweight, crushable concrete blocks, any material that has been approved to meet the FAA Advisory Circular can be used for an EMAS. The purpose of an EMAS is to stop an aircraft overrun with no human injury and minimal aircraft damage. The aircraft is slowed by the loss of energy required to crush the EMAS material. An
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| - Engineered Materials Arrestor System (de)
- Engineered materials arrestor system (en)
- アレスター・ベッド (ja)
- Engineered Material Arrestor System (nl)
- Engineered materials arrestor system (pt)
- 特性材料拦阻系统 (zh)
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| - アレスター・ベッド（英: Engineered materials arrestor system、EMAS）とはオーバーランを防ぐために滑走路末端に設置された区域のことである。この区域には発泡コンクリートが敷き詰められ、オーバーランした航空機をブレーキや逆噴射、スポイラーをしのぐ制動効果で停止させ、機体や人的被害を最小限に抑えることができる。 1999年にニューヨークのジョン・F・ケネディ国際空港に初めて設置されて以来、3件のオーバーランを防いだ実績がある。しかし、導入はあまり進んでいない。 日本では滑走路端安全区域の基準改正に伴い、2020年に初めて羽田空港に導入された。 (ja)
- 特性材料拦阻系统（EMAS），又叫拦阻床，是一个在跑道尽头，使用特性材料建造而成的路面，可用来降低飛機冲出跑道的风险。特性材料在美国联邦航空管理局第150/5220-22B号咨询通告中被定义为“可大幅吸收能量的、可靠的、可被一架飞机的重量压碎，而阻止飛機前進的的精选材料”。由于现在的技术包含很多轻便的、可被压碎的混凝土方块，任何被美国联邦航空管理局咨询通告而通过的材料都可以作为攔阻床。攔阻床的目的是停止一个没有人員受傷，只有很轻微航空器损坏的飛機冲出跑道。飛機因压碎攔阻床的特殊材料，损失能量而停下。攔阻床在概念上与用沙砾或沙子做成的遇险车道相近。它可以停下一个由于没有充足的空余空间当作标准跑道安全区域（RSA）而冲出跑道的飞机。一些专利由于在材料和过程方面的设计和建造被发布。 (zh)
- An engineered materials arrestor system, engineered materials arresting system (EMAS), or arrester bed is a bed of engineered materials built at the end of a runway to reduce the severity of the consequences of a runway excursion. Engineered materials are defined in FAA Advisory Circular No 150/5220-22B as "high energy absorbing materials of selected strength, which will reliably and predictably crush under the weight of an aircraft". While the current technology involves lightweight, crushable concrete blocks, any material that has been approved to meet the FAA Advisory Circular can be used for an EMAS. The purpose of an EMAS is to stop an aircraft overrun with no human injury and minimal aircraft damage. The aircraft is slowed by the loss of energy required to crush the EMAS material. An (en)
- Bei einem Engineered Materials Arrestor System (EMAS) handelt es sich um eine Art Notfallspur am Ende einer Start-/Landebahn. Der Zweck eines EMAS besteht darin, ein Flugzeug, welches das Ende einer Start-/Landebahn überrollt hat, ohne Personenverletzung und mit minimalem Flugzeugschaden zu stoppen. Das Flugzeug wird verlangsamt durch den Energieverlust, der benötigt wird, um das EMAS-Material beim Überrollen zu zertrümmern. (de)
- Een Engineered Material Arrestor System (EMAS), of stopbed is een oppervlakte van speciaal gefabriceerde materialen gebouwd aan het einde van een landingsbaan. Dit oppervlakte dient om vliegtuigen die de start- of landingsbaan overschieten tot stilstand te brengen zonder menselijk letsel en minimale schade aan het vliegtuig. De techniek wordt gedefinieerd als "energie-absorberende materialen van geselecteerde sterkte, die op betrouwbare en voorspelbare wijze zullen bezwijken of verpletteren onder het gewicht van een vliegtuig". Hoewel de huidige technologie lichtgewicht breekbare betonblokken omvat, kan elk materiaal dat is goedgekeurd om te voldoen aan de FAA-adviescirculaire worden gebruikt voor een EMAS. Het vliegtuig wordt afgeremd door het energieverlies dat nodig is om het EMAS-mater (nl)
- Um engineered materials arrestor system (em português: Sistema de desaceleração com materiais projetados), engineered materials arresting system (EMAS), ou arrester bed é um sistema que possui uma superfície de materiais construída no fim de uma pista de pouso e decolagem para reduzir a severidade das consequências de uma excursão de pista. Os materiais projetados são definidos na Advisory Circular No 150/5220-22B da FAA como "materiais de uma força específica de alta absorção, os quais irão confiável e previsivelmente quebrar com o peso de uma aeronave". Enquanto que a tecnologia atual envolve blocos de concreto leves e quebráveis, qualquer material que fora aprovado para cumprir com este documento da FAA pode ser usado como um EMAS. O propósito de um EMAS é parar a aeronave no caso de u (pt)
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| - http://runwaysafe.com/
- http://www.flightsafety.org/asw/aug06/asw_aug06_p13-19.pdf
- http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser%3FSect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=5,789,681.PN.&OS=PN/5,789,681&RS=PN/5,789,681
- http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser%3FSect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=5,885,025.PN.&OS=PN/5,885,025&RS=PN/5,885,025
- http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser%3FSect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=5,902,068.PN.&OS=PN/5,902,068&RS=PN/5,902,068
- http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser%3FSect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=6,726,400.PN.&OS=PN/6,726,400&RS=PN/6,726,400
- http://www.faa.gov/documentLibrary/media/advisory_circular/150-5220-22A/150_5220_22a.pdf
- http://www.airliners.net/open.file%3Fid=1124053
- http://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/business-aviation/2016-01-28/emas-saves-falcon-20-chicago-executive
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| - Bei einem Engineered Materials Arrestor System (EMAS) handelt es sich um eine Art Notfallspur am Ende einer Start-/Landebahn. Der Zweck eines EMAS besteht darin, ein Flugzeug, welches das Ende einer Start-/Landebahn überrollt hat, ohne Personenverletzung und mit minimalem Flugzeugschaden zu stoppen. Das Flugzeug wird verlangsamt durch den Energieverlust, der benötigt wird, um das EMAS-Material beim Überrollen zu zertrümmern. Ein EMAS ähnelt im Konzept der Notfallspur für LKW oder dem Sandgleis im Schienenverkehr, deren Wirkprinzip sich jedoch durch die Materialien Kies oder Sand von einem EMAS unterscheidet. (de)
- An engineered materials arrestor system, engineered materials arresting system (EMAS), or arrester bed is a bed of engineered materials built at the end of a runway to reduce the severity of the consequences of a runway excursion. Engineered materials are defined in FAA Advisory Circular No 150/5220-22B as "high energy absorbing materials of selected strength, which will reliably and predictably crush under the weight of an aircraft". While the current technology involves lightweight, crushable concrete blocks, any material that has been approved to meet the FAA Advisory Circular can be used for an EMAS. The purpose of an EMAS is to stop an aircraft overrun with no human injury and minimal aircraft damage. The aircraft is slowed by the loss of energy required to crush the EMAS material. An EMAS is similar in concept to the runaway truck ramp or race circuit gravel trap, made of gravel or sand. It is intended to stop an aircraft that has overshot a runway when there is an insufficient free space for a standard runway safety area (RSA). Multiple patents have been issued on the construction and design on the materials and process. FAA Advisory Circular 150/5220-22B explains that an EMAS may not be effective for incidents involving aircraft of less than 11,000 kilograms (25,000 lb) weight. It also clarifies that an EMAS is not the same as a stopway, which is defined in FAA Advisory Circular 150/5300-13A, Section 312. As of May 2017, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) has been working on developing a harmonized regulation regarding arresting systems. Research projects completed in Europe have looked into the cost-effectiveness of EMAS. Arrestor beds have been installed at airports where the runway safety areas are below standards, and their ability to stop aircraft with minimal or no damage to the air frame and its occupants has proven to bring results far beyond the cost of installations. The latest report, "Estimated Cost-Benefit Analysis of Runway Severity Reduction Based on Actual Arrestments", shows how the money saved through the first 11 arrestments has reached a calculated total of 1.9 billion USD, thus saving more than $1 B over the estimated cost of development (R&D, all installations worldwide, maintenance and repairs reaching a total of USD 600 million). The study suggests that mitigating the consequences of runway excursions worldwide may turn out to be much more cost-effective than the current focus on reducing the already very low probability of occurrence. (en)
- アレスター・ベッド（英: Engineered materials arrestor system、EMAS）とはオーバーランを防ぐために滑走路末端に設置された区域のことである。この区域には発泡コンクリートが敷き詰められ、オーバーランした航空機をブレーキや逆噴射、スポイラーをしのぐ制動効果で停止させ、機体や人的被害を最小限に抑えることができる。 1999年にニューヨークのジョン・F・ケネディ国際空港に初めて設置されて以来、3件のオーバーランを防いだ実績がある。しかし、導入はあまり進んでいない。 日本では滑走路端安全区域の基準改正に伴い、2020年に初めて羽田空港に導入された。 (ja)
- Een Engineered Material Arrestor System (EMAS), of stopbed is een oppervlakte van speciaal gefabriceerde materialen gebouwd aan het einde van een landingsbaan. Dit oppervlakte dient om vliegtuigen die de start- of landingsbaan overschieten tot stilstand te brengen zonder menselijk letsel en minimale schade aan het vliegtuig. De techniek wordt gedefinieerd als "energie-absorberende materialen van geselecteerde sterkte, die op betrouwbare en voorspelbare wijze zullen bezwijken of verpletteren onder het gewicht van een vliegtuig". Hoewel de huidige technologie lichtgewicht breekbare betonblokken omvat, kan elk materiaal dat is goedgekeurd om te voldoen aan de FAA-adviescirculaire worden gebruikt voor een EMAS. Het vliegtuig wordt afgeremd door het energieverlies dat nodig is om het EMAS-materiaal te pletten. Een EMAS is qua concept vergelijkbaar met de noodstopstrook voor wegverkeer, gemaakt van grind of zand. Er zijn meerdere patenten verleend op de constructie en het ontwerp op de materialen en het proces. In Europa uitgevoerde onderzoeksprojecten hebben de kosteneffectiviteit van EMAS onderzocht. Er zijn stopbedden geïnstalleerd op luchthavens waar de veiligheidszones op de start- en landingsbanen onder de normen liggen. Het vermogen om vliegtuigen te stoppen met minimale of geen schade aan het vliegtuigframe en de inzittenden heeft bewezen resultaten opgeleverd die ruimschoots compenseren voor de kosten van het systeem. Het laatste rapport, "Estimated Cost-Benefit Analysis of Runway Severity Reduction Based on Actual Arrestments", laat zien hoe het geld dat alleen door de eerste 11 noodstoppen is bespaard een totaal van 1,9 miljard dollar heeft bereikt. Daarmee is meer dan 1 miljard dollar bespaard, na aftrek van de geschatte kosten van ontwikkeling (De onderzoekskosten, installatie en het onderhoud van installaties wereldwijd, met een totaal van 600 miljoen dollar). De studie suggereert dat het verminderen van de gevolgen van uitschietende vliegtuigen wereldwijd veel kosteneffectiever blijkt te zijn dan de huidige focus op het verminderen van de toch al zeer lage kans van optreden. (nl)
- Um engineered materials arrestor system (em português: Sistema de desaceleração com materiais projetados), engineered materials arresting system (EMAS), ou arrester bed é um sistema que possui uma superfície de materiais construída no fim de uma pista de pouso e decolagem para reduzir a severidade das consequências de uma excursão de pista. Os materiais projetados são definidos na Advisory Circular No 150/5220-22B da FAA como "materiais de uma força específica de alta absorção, os quais irão confiável e previsivelmente quebrar com o peso de uma aeronave". Enquanto que a tecnologia atual envolve blocos de concreto leves e quebráveis, qualquer material que fora aprovado para cumprir com este documento da FAA pode ser usado como um EMAS. O propósito de um EMAS é parar a aeronave no caso de uma excursão de pista de forma que não causem lesões a pessoas e danos mínimos a aeronave. A aeronave é freada pela perda de energia requerida para quebrar o material do EMAS. Um EMAS é similar em conceito a uma rampa de escape para caminhões, que é feita de cascalho ou areia. Seu objetivo é parar a aeronave que saiu da pista quando não há espaço suficiente para uma área de segurança de fim de pista (em inglês: Runway Safety Area - RSA) padrão. Várias patentes foram emitidas para a construção e projeto dos materiais e processos. A Advisory Circular 150/5220-22B detalha que um EMAS pode não ser eficaz para incidentes envolvendo aeronaves com menos de 25 000 lb (11 300 kg) de peso. Ela também clarifica que o EMAS não é o mesmo que uma stopway, que é definida na Advisory Circular 150/5300-13A, Seção 312. Desde maio de 2017 a Organização da Aviação Civil Internacional (OACI) vem trabalhando para desenvolver uma regulamentação harmonizada sobre tais sistemas. Os projetos de pesquisa realizados na Europa buscavam identificar o custo-benefício do EMAS. Apesar de sistemas como este terem sido inicialmente instalados em aeroportos onde as áreas de segurança da pista estão abaixo dos padrões, sua habilidade em parar a aeronave com mínimos ou até sem danos à aeronave e seus ocupantes, provou trazer benefícios muito maiores do que o custo de instalação destes sistemas. O último relatório demonstra que o valor economizado durante as 11 primeiro paradas de aeronaves atingiu um valor calculado de 1,9 bilhões de dólares americanos, economizando então mais de 1 bilhão de dólar americano sobre o custo estimado do desenvolvimento (pesquisa, todas as instalações mundo afora, manutenção e reparos, que atingiram um total de de 600 milhões de dólares). O estudo sugere que mitigar as consequências de excursões de pista pelo mundo pode ter um custo-benefício muito melhor do que o foco atual em reduzir a já muito baixa probabilidade da ocorrência. (pt)
- 特性材料拦阻系统（EMAS），又叫拦阻床，是一个在跑道尽头，使用特性材料建造而成的路面，可用来降低飛機冲出跑道的风险。特性材料在美国联邦航空管理局第150/5220-22B号咨询通告中被定义为“可大幅吸收能量的、可靠的、可被一架飞机的重量压碎，而阻止飛機前進的的精选材料”。由于现在的技术包含很多轻便的、可被压碎的混凝土方块，任何被美国联邦航空管理局咨询通告而通过的材料都可以作为攔阻床。攔阻床的目的是停止一个没有人員受傷，只有很轻微航空器损坏的飛機冲出跑道。飛機因压碎攔阻床的特殊材料，损失能量而停下。攔阻床在概念上与用沙砾或沙子做成的遇险车道相近。它可以停下一个由于没有充足的空余空间当作标准跑道安全区域（RSA）而冲出跑道的飞机。一些专利由于在材料和过程方面的设计和建造被发布。 (zh)
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