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Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) is a brain injury in which scattered lesions occur over a widespread area in white matter tracts as well as grey matter. DAI is one of the most common and devastating types of traumatic brain injury and is a major cause of unconsciousness and persistent vegetative state after severe head trauma. It occurs in about half of all cases of severe head trauma and may be the primary damage that occurs in concussion. The outcome is frequently coma, with over 90% of patients with severe DAI never regaining consciousness. Those who awaken from the coma often remain significantly impaired.

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  • إصابة محورية منتشرة (ar)
  • Diffuse axonal injury (en)
  • Daño axonal difuso (es)
  • Danno assonale diffuso (it)
  • Lésion axonale diffuse (fr)
  • Diffuse axonale beschadiging (nl)
  • Диффузное аксональное повреждение головного мозга (ru)
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  • Diffuse axonale beschadiging (Engels: diffuse axonal injury, DAI) is een type hersenbeschadiging. Deze hersenbeschadiging wordt veroorzaakt door inertiële krachten (versnellings-, vertragingskrachten) zoals ze zich bijvoorbeeld bij whiplash of bij het dooreenschudden van een baby (shakenbabysyndroom, SBS) voordoen. (nl)
  • الإصابة المحورية المنتشرة هي إصابة دماغية تحدث فيها آفات صغيرة متفرقة على مساحة واسعة من المادة البيضاء (المحاور العصبية) وأحيانا في المادة الرمادية. وتُعتبر الإصابة المحورية المنتشرة أحد أكثر أنواع إصابات الدماغ الرضية شيوعًا وتدميرا، حيث أنها تحدث في حوالي نصف حالات إصابات الرأس الشديدة، كما تُعتبر السبب الرئيسي لفقدان الوعي والدخول في الحالة الإنباتية المستديمة بعد صدمات الرأس، كونها السبب في أن أكثر من 90٪ من المرضى لا يستعيدون وعيهم أبدًا، وأن أولئك الذين يسترجعون وعيهم يعانون من ضعف كبير. (ar)
  • Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) is a brain injury in which scattered lesions occur over a widespread area in white matter tracts as well as grey matter. DAI is one of the most common and devastating types of traumatic brain injury and is a major cause of unconsciousness and persistent vegetative state after severe head trauma. It occurs in about half of all cases of severe head trauma and may be the primary damage that occurs in concussion. The outcome is frequently coma, with over 90% of patients with severe DAI never regaining consciousness. Those who awaken from the coma often remain significantly impaired. (en)
  • El daño axonal difuso (DAD) es uno de los tipos de lesiones encefálicas más frecuentes y más devastadoras,​ ya que el daño ocurre sobre un área amplia más que en un punto focal del cerebro.El DAD se debe a extensas lesiones en la materia blanca, y es una de las principales causas de pérdidas de consciencia y estado vegetativo tras traumatismos cerebrales.​ Aparece en cerca de la mitad de los casos de trauma cerebral grave y también aparece, aunque con menor frecuencia, en traumas moderados y suaves.​ (es)
  • Les lésions axonales diffuses sont des cas de traumatisme crânien fréquents et de pronostic très défavorable.Elles se traduisent par des dommages sur une zone étendue du cerveau, dans la matière blanche, et sont une cause majeure de comas persistants et d'états végétatifs. (fr)
  • Il danno assonale diffuso è una lesione cerebrale in cui si verificano estese lesioni in aree molto estese di sostanza bianca. Rappresenta uno dei tipi più comuni e devastanti di trauma cranico, ed è una delle principali cause di incoscienza e di stato vegetativo persistente dopo un grave evento traumatico al cranio. Questa condizione si riscontra in circa la metà di tutti i casi di trauma cranico grave e può rappresentare il danno primario nel caso di commozione cerebrale. Ciò porta spesso il paziente ad uno stato di coma, con oltre il 90% dei casi considerati gravi che non riprendono più conoscenza. Coloro che riescono a svegliarsi riportano comunque significativi deficit. (it)
  • Диффузное аксональное повреждение головного мозга (ДАП) — распространённый вид черепно-мозговой травмы, при которой резкое ускорение либо торможение головы, например, в момент ДТП, приводит к натяжению и разрыву аксонов. Другими, менее распространёнными причинами ДАП могут быть падения, удары при драке или избиении, а у маленьких детей аксональное повреждение отмечается при «синдроме сотрясения». Дети с данным повреждением могут иметь нормальный или неспецифический срез КТ. (ru)
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  • Diffuse axonal injury (en)
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  • Diffuse axonal injury (en)
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  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/APP_immunostaining_in_a_mouse_brain_after_traumatic_brain_injury.png
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Compare_SWI_and_GRE_Trauma.png
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Diffuse_axonal_injury-_cMRT_nach_3_Tagen.jpg
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