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In classical logic, propositions are typically unambiguously considered as being true or false. For instance, the proposition one is both equal and not equal to itself is regarded as simply false, being contrary to the Law of Noncontradiction; while the proposition one is equal to one is regarded as simply true, by the Law of Identity. However, some mathematicians, computer scientists, and philosophers have been attracted to the idea that a proposition might be more or less true, rather than wholly true or wholly false. Consider My coffee is hot.

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  • Degree of truth (en)
  • Grau de verdade (pt)
  • Степень истины (ru)
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  • In classical logic, propositions are typically unambiguously considered as being true or false. For instance, the proposition one is both equal and not equal to itself is regarded as simply false, being contrary to the Law of Noncontradiction; while the proposition one is equal to one is regarded as simply true, by the Law of Identity. However, some mathematicians, computer scientists, and philosophers have been attracted to the idea that a proposition might be more or less true, rather than wholly true or wholly false. Consider My coffee is hot. (en)
  • Степень истины означает степень, с которой утверждение истинно. Например, в стандартной математике, утверждение нуль принадлежит множеству { 0 } имеет степень истины 1 (истина), в то время как утверждение единица принадлежит множеству { 0 } имеет степень истины 0 (ложь). В нечёткой логике, степень истины утверждения может быть любым вещественным числом между 0 и 1, включительно. Возможно построить нечёткое множество F, такое что утверждение нуль принадлежит F имеет степень истины 1/2. (ru)
  • Em matemática padrão, proposições podem ser tipicamente consideradas inequivocamente verdadeiras ou falsas. Por exemplo, a proposição zero pertence ao conjunto { 0 } é considerada como simplesmente verdadeira; enquanto a proposição um pertence ao conjunto { 0 } é considerada como simplesmente falsa. Entretanto, alguns matemáticos, cientistas da computação e filósofos têm sido atraídos para a ideia de que uma proposição poderia ser mais ou menos verdade, preferencialmente do que simplesmente verdadeira ou simplesmente falsa. Considere Meu café está quente. (pt)
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  • In classical logic, propositions are typically unambiguously considered as being true or false. For instance, the proposition one is both equal and not equal to itself is regarded as simply false, being contrary to the Law of Noncontradiction; while the proposition one is equal to one is regarded as simply true, by the Law of Identity. However, some mathematicians, computer scientists, and philosophers have been attracted to the idea that a proposition might be more or less true, rather than wholly true or wholly false. Consider My coffee is hot. In mathematics, this idea can be developed in terms of fuzzy logic. In computer science, it has found application in artificial intelligence. In philosophy, the idea has proved particularly appealing in the case of vagueness. Degrees of truth is an important concept in law. The term is an older concept than conditional probability. Instead of determining the objective probability, only a subjective assessment is defined. Especially for novices in the field, the chance for confusion is high. They are highly likely to confound the concept of probability with the concept of degree of truth. To overcome the misconception, it makes sense to see probability theory as the preferred paradigm to handle uncertainty. (en)
  • Em matemática padrão, proposições podem ser tipicamente consideradas inequivocamente verdadeiras ou falsas. Por exemplo, a proposição zero pertence ao conjunto { 0 } é considerada como simplesmente verdadeira; enquanto a proposição um pertence ao conjunto { 0 } é considerada como simplesmente falsa. Entretanto, alguns matemáticos, cientistas da computação e filósofos têm sido atraídos para a ideia de que uma proposição poderia ser mais ou menos verdade, preferencialmente do que simplesmente verdadeira ou simplesmente falsa. Considere Meu café está quente. Na matemática, esta ideia pode ser desenvolvida em termos de lógica difusa. Em ciência da computação, tem encontrado aplicação na inteligência artificial. Em filosofia, a ideia tem se provado particularmente atraente no caso de . Grau de verdade é um conceito importante no Direito. (pt)
  • Степень истины означает степень, с которой утверждение истинно. Например, в стандартной математике, утверждение нуль принадлежит множеству { 0 } имеет степень истины 1 (истина), в то время как утверждение единица принадлежит множеству { 0 } имеет степень истины 0 (ложь). В нечёткой логике, степень истины утверждения может быть любым вещественным числом между 0 и 1, включительно. Возможно построить нечёткое множество F, такое что утверждение нуль принадлежит F имеет степень истины 1/2. Степень истины не стоит смешивать с вероятностью; некорректно говорить, что нуль имеет 50 % шансов быть в F и 50 % шансов не быть в F. Бросание монеты имеет 50 % шансов получить орла и 50 % шансов получить решку, но одна сторона обязательно появится; поэтому результат бросания монеты имеет степень истины 1, хотя это случайное событие. Также не стоит смешивать степень истины ни с неизвестностью, ни с изменением значения истины. Рассмотрим предложение 4 июля 1897 был солнечный день в Нью-Йорке. Даже если его значение истины не есть 1 (полностью безоблачный день) или 0 (полностью пасмурный день) это все ещё определенная истина; солнечность не изменяется с повторением наблюдений за этим днем. (ru)
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