| rdfs:comment
| - A deaf-community or urban sign language is a sign language that emerges when deaf people who do not have a common language come together and form a community. This may be a formal situation, such as the establishment of a school for deaf students, or informal, such as migration to cities for employment and the subsequent gathering of deaf people for social purposes. An example of the first is Nicaraguan Sign Language, which emerged when deaf children in Nicaragua were brought together for the first time, and received only oral education; of the latter, Bamako Sign Language, which emerged among the tea circles of the uneducated deaf in the capital of Mali. Nicaraguan SL is now a language of instruction and is recognized as the national sign language; Bamako SL is not, and is threatened by t (en)
- Жестовые языки сообществ глухих (англ. Deaf-community sign languages) — вид жестовых языков, которые возникают внутри сообществ глухих. Такое сообщество обычно формируется на базе школы для неслышащих, ассоциации или клуба глухих, куда попадают люди из разных регионов и разных социокультурных слоёв. Жестовыми языками сообществ глухих слышащие люди владеют редко: как правило, это дети неслышащих родителей, переводчики, учителя и исследователи. Таким образом они противопоставляются деревенским жестовым языкам, которые обычно возникают внутри естественно сформировавшихся сообществ (чаще всего — среди жителей одной «деревени глухих», в которой высока доля неслышащих людей) и используются как глухими, так и слышащими членами. (ru)
|
| has abstract
| - A deaf-community or urban sign language is a sign language that emerges when deaf people who do not have a common language come together and form a community. This may be a formal situation, such as the establishment of a school for deaf students, or informal, such as migration to cities for employment and the subsequent gathering of deaf people for social purposes. An example of the first is Nicaraguan Sign Language, which emerged when deaf children in Nicaragua were brought together for the first time, and received only oral education; of the latter, Bamako Sign Language, which emerged among the tea circles of the uneducated deaf in the capital of Mali. Nicaraguan SL is now a language of instruction and is recognized as the national sign language; Bamako SL is not, and is threatened by the use of American Sign Language in schools for the deaf. Deaf-community sign languages contrast with village sign language in that they tend to be used only by the deaf, at least at first, and most communication is between deaf people. Village sign languages, on the other hand, develop in relatively isolated areas with high incidences of congenital deafness, where most hearing people have deaf family, so that most signers are hearing. These differences have linguistic consequences. Urban deaf communities lack the common knowledge and social context that enables village signers to communicate without being verbally explicit. Deaf-community signers need to communicate with strangers, and therefore must be more explicit; it is thought this may have the effect of developing or at least speeding up the development of grammatical and other linguistic structures in the emerging language. For example, only deaf-community sign languages are known to make abstract and grammatical use of sign space. Both types of deaf sign language differ from speech-taboo languages such as the various Aboriginal Australian sign languages, which are developed by the hearing community and only used secondarily by the deaf, and are not independent languages. Deaf-community languages may develop directly from home sign, or perhaps from idioglossic sign (in families with more than one deaf child), as was the case with Nicaraguan SL, or they may develop from village sign languages, as appears to have been at least partially the case with American SL, which arose in a school for the deaf where French Sign Language was the language of instruction, but seems to have derived largely from two or three village sign languages of the students. (en)
- Жестовые языки сообществ глухих (англ. Deaf-community sign languages) — вид жестовых языков, которые возникают внутри сообществ глухих. Такое сообщество обычно формируется на базе школы для неслышащих, ассоциации или клуба глухих, куда попадают люди из разных регионов и разных социокультурных слоёв. Жестовыми языками сообществ глухих слышащие люди владеют редко: как правило, это дети неслышащих родителей, переводчики, учителя и исследователи. Таким образом они противопоставляются деревенским жестовым языкам, которые обычно возникают внутри естественно сформировавшихся сообществ (чаще всего — среди жителей одной «деревени глухих», в которой высока доля неслышащих людей) и используются как глухими, так и слышащими членами. Для обозначения этой группы языков также используются другие термины: национальные жестовые языки (англ. national sign languages), городские жестовые языки (англ. urban sign languages), признанные жестовые языки (англ. established sign languages), стандартные жестовые языки (англ. standard sign languages), жестовые языки макросообществ (англ. macro-community sign languages). (ru)
|
![[RDF Data]](/fct/images/sw-rdf-blue.png)
![[cxml]](/fct/images/cxml_doc.png)
![[csv]](/fct/images/csv_doc.png)
![[text]](/fct/images/ntriples_doc.png)
![[turtle]](/fct/images/n3turtle_doc.png)
![[ld+json]](/fct/images/jsonld_doc.png)
![[rdf+json]](/fct/images/json_doc.png)
![[rdf+xml]](/fct/images/xml_doc.png)
![[atom+xml]](/fct/images/atom_doc.png)
![[html]](/fct/images/html_doc.png)