Critical incident stress management (CISM) is a controversial, non-empirical, adaptive, short-term psychological helping-process that focuses solely on an immediate and identifiable problem. It can include pre-incident preparedness to acute crisis management to post-crisis follow-up. Its purpose is to enable people to return to their daily routine more quickly and with less likelihood of experiencing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Evidence-based reviews, however, have concluded that CISM is ineffective for primary trauma victims, and should only be used for secondary victims, such as responding emergency services personnel. CISM was never intended to treat primary victims of trauma. As of 2022, peer reviewed meta-analysis specifically warn against the clinical use of CISM for all p
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| - Critical incident stress management (en)
- Stressbearbeitung nach belastenden Ereignissen (de)
- CISM (it)
- Cellule d'aide psychologique (fr)
- 緊急事態ストレスマネジメント (ja)
- 危機事故壓力處理 (zh)
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| - 緊急事態ストレスマネジメント（きんきゅうじたいストレスマネジメント、Critical Incident Stress Management:CISM）とは、災害によって被るようなストレスを管理するとされる技法である。緊急事態ストレスデブリーフィング（あるいは単にデブリーフィング、CISD）はほぼ同義である。その効果は疑問視され、近年は多くの研究が実際には有害である可能性を示唆している。害を与えかねないという証拠をよそに、このような支援はやむことがない。 同じ略語のものに、ISACAの公認情報セキュリティマネージャ（Certified Information Security Manager）がある。 (ja)
- 危機事故壓力處理（英文：Critical incident stress management，縮寫CISM〉，是一套有系統、即時及早期處理危機事故（例如持械行劫、喪偶、自殺、、交通意外、暴力、自然災害、火災或者其他創傷性事件等）的介入手法，由美國前消防員杰弗里·米切尔於1974年所建立，此手法透過危機處理指引，可以為到傷者即時紓壓，並且解說危機事故，協助受影響的人士處理其個人的心理及精神上的困擾，避免日後出現創傷後壓力心理障礙症等徵狀。 (zh)
- Die Stressbearbeitung nach belastenden Ereignissen (SbE) (in Österreich Stressverarbeitung nach belastenden Ereignissen oder SvE) ist eine Reihe von Einzel- und Gruppengesprächstechniken, die sich an Einsatzkräfte, unter anderem aus Rettungsdiensten, Feuerwehren, Katastrophenschutz und Polizei wendet, aber auch auf andere homogene Gruppen übertragen werden kann, die beruflich bedingt gemeinsam einer potenziell traumatisierenden Situation ausgesetzt waren. (de)
- Critical incident stress management (CISM) is a controversial, non-empirical, adaptive, short-term psychological helping-process that focuses solely on an immediate and identifiable problem. It can include pre-incident preparedness to acute crisis management to post-crisis follow-up. Its purpose is to enable people to return to their daily routine more quickly and with less likelihood of experiencing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Evidence-based reviews, however, have concluded that CISM is ineffective for primary trauma victims, and should only be used for secondary victims, such as responding emergency services personnel. CISM was never intended to treat primary victims of trauma. As of 2022, peer reviewed meta-analysis specifically warn against the clinical use of CISM for all p (en)
- L'expression cellule d'aide psychologique (ou en raccourci cellule psychologique), est couramment utilisée par les médias pour qualifier des dispositifs très variés visant à un soutien psychologique ou moral et mis en place en réponse à un problème particulier. Ce terme peut correspondre à des dispositifs très différents, constitués soit
* de professionnels de santé mentale (psychiatres, psychologues, infirmiers) ;
* de travailleurs sociaux ;
* de volontaires (secouristes, bénévoles) aux formations très diverses ;
* de pairs. (fr)
- Il CISM, o Critical Incident Stress Management, è un noto protocollo clinico di prevenzione e trattamento delle reazioni psicologiche potenzialmente traumatiche, a fronte di eventi critici (disastri, violenze, decessi inattesi, calamità). Sviluppato nel corso degli anni '80 in contesto anglosassone, a partire dal lavoro di Mitchell sul Debriefing, rappresenta uno dei paradigmi di intervento più noti e diffusi a livello internazionale della psicologia dell'emergenza e della psicotraumatologia. (it)
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| - Die Stressbearbeitung nach belastenden Ereignissen (SbE) (in Österreich Stressverarbeitung nach belastenden Ereignissen oder SvE) ist eine Reihe von Einzel- und Gruppengesprächstechniken, die sich an Einsatzkräfte, unter anderem aus Rettungsdiensten, Feuerwehren, Katastrophenschutz und Polizei wendet, aber auch auf andere homogene Gruppen übertragen werden kann, die beruflich bedingt gemeinsam einer potenziell traumatisierenden Situation ausgesetzt waren. Neben der SbE existiert die ganz ähnliche Methode des Critical Incident Stress Management (CISM), nach . Hier werden beide Methoden dargestellt. Daneben existieren ähnliche Begriffe wie etwa Organisierte Personalbetreuung bei Extremeinsätzen und Nachsorge (OPEN) (siehe Notfallseelsorge) und die Psychosoziale Unterstützung für Einsatzkräfte (PSU). (de)
- Critical incident stress management (CISM) is a controversial, non-empirical, adaptive, short-term psychological helping-process that focuses solely on an immediate and identifiable problem. It can include pre-incident preparedness to acute crisis management to post-crisis follow-up. Its purpose is to enable people to return to their daily routine more quickly and with less likelihood of experiencing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Evidence-based reviews, however, have concluded that CISM is ineffective for primary trauma victims, and should only be used for secondary victims, such as responding emergency services personnel. CISM was never intended to treat primary victims of trauma. As of 2022, peer reviewed meta-analysis specifically warn against the clinical use of CISM for all patients, primary or secondary, stating, "clinical guidelines for managing post-traumatic stress recommend not to practice psychological debriefing". (en)
- L'expression cellule d'aide psychologique (ou en raccourci cellule psychologique), est couramment utilisée par les médias pour qualifier des dispositifs très variés visant à un soutien psychologique ou moral et mis en place en réponse à un problème particulier. Ce terme peut correspondre à des dispositifs très différents, constitués soit
* de professionnels de santé mentale (psychiatres, psychologues, infirmiers) ;
* de travailleurs sociaux ;
* de volontaires (secouristes, bénévoles) aux formations très diverses ;
* de pairs. Il est d'usage désormais de mettre en place de tels dispositifs lorsqu'une situation de crise est considérée comme pouvant affecter la santé psychique des personnes. C'est le cas lors des situations de traumatisme psychique (attentats, accidents aériens, violences de masse, catastrophes, accidents…) mais aussi dans des situations comme les plans de licenciement, les situations de , les événements à fort impact psychologique en milieu scolaire, etc. En France, à la suite des attentats des années 1990, il existe un dispositif particulier et professionnalisé intervenant lors des catastrophes collectives ou des événements à fort impact traumatique : les cellules d'urgence médico-psychologique (CUMP) qui interviennent dans le cadre des SAMU. (fr)
- Il CISM, o Critical Incident Stress Management, è un noto protocollo clinico di prevenzione e trattamento delle reazioni psicologiche potenzialmente traumatiche, a fronte di eventi critici (disastri, violenze, decessi inattesi, calamità). Sviluppato nel corso degli anni '80 in contesto anglosassone, a partire dal lavoro di Mitchell sul Debriefing, rappresenta uno dei paradigmi di intervento più noti e diffusi a livello internazionale della psicologia dell'emergenza e della psicotraumatologia. Lo scopo del CISM è di fornire un'adeguata preparazione a scopo preventivo rispetto ai vissuti emotivi che vengono attivati dalle situazioni di emergenza; tale preparazione "anticipatoria" diviene poi utile nelle fasi di supporto diretto sulla scena (nelle prime ore dopo l'evento), a loro volta associate a forme di presa in carico clinica nel medio-lungo termine. Ogni fase di elaborazione dell'evento critico, potenzialmente traumatogena, riceve quindi un'attenzione clinica articolata, con specifiche tecniche di supporto. È di particolare utilità laddove applicato con gruppi od enti che si occupano professionalmente di emergenza e soccorso (protezione civile, forze dell'ordine, forze armate, vigili del fuoco, SUEM-118, Croce Rossa Italiana, ANPAS, etc.). La sua struttura prevede - teoricamente - fasi ed interventi pre-critici (preventivi e formativi, rivolti a personale potenzialmente esposto ad eventi critici); peri-critici (nell'immediato post-evento), e post-critici (nel medio-lungo termine dopo l'evento). (it)
- 緊急事態ストレスマネジメント（きんきゅうじたいストレスマネジメント、Critical Incident Stress Management:CISM）とは、災害によって被るようなストレスを管理するとされる技法である。緊急事態ストレスデブリーフィング（あるいは単にデブリーフィング、CISD）はほぼ同義である。その効果は疑問視され、近年は多くの研究が実際には有害である可能性を示唆している。害を与えかねないという証拠をよそに、このような支援はやむことがない。 同じ略語のものに、ISACAの公認情報セキュリティマネージャ（Certified Information Security Manager）がある。 (ja)
- 危機事故壓力處理（英文：Critical incident stress management，縮寫CISM〉，是一套有系統、即時及早期處理危機事故（例如持械行劫、喪偶、自殺、、交通意外、暴力、自然災害、火災或者其他創傷性事件等）的介入手法，由美國前消防員杰弗里·米切尔於1974年所建立，此手法透過危機處理指引，可以為到傷者即時紓壓，並且解說危機事故，協助受影響的人士處理其個人的心理及精神上的困擾，避免日後出現創傷後壓力心理障礙症等徵狀。 (zh)
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