About: Cottonera Lines

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The Cottonera Lines (Maltese: Is-Swar tal-Kottonera), also known as the Valperga Lines (Maltese: Is-Swar ta' Valperga), are a line of fortifications in Bormla and Birgu, Malta. They were built in the 17th and 18th centuries on higher ground and further outwards than the earlier line of fortifications, known as the Santa Margherita or Firenzuola lines, which also surround Bormla.

Attributes	Values
rdf:type	Thing geo:SpatialThing architectural structure yago:Artifact100021939 yago:DefensiveStructure103171356 yago:Facility103315023 yago:Fortification103385557 yago:Garrison103420559 yago:MilitaryInstallation103763133 yago:MilitaryPost103763403 yago:Object100002684 yago:PhysicalEntity100001930 yago:YagoGeoEntity yago:YagoPermanentlyLocatedEntity military structure yago:Structure104341686 yago:Whole100003553 yago:WikicatFortificationsInMalta yago:WikicatFortsInMalta
rdfs:label	Cottonera Lines (en) Línia Cotonera (ca) Cottonera Lines (de) Ligne de fortifications de Cottoner (fr) Linea Cottonera (it) Cottonera Lines (pl) Линии Коттонера (ru)
rdfs:comment	La Línia Cotonera és una fortificació al voltant de les Tres Ciutats de Vittoriosa, Senglea, i Cospicua, a Malta. Està construïda en els turons de Bormla (Cospicua). Foren construïdes pel Gran Mestre Nicolau Cotoner, de qui deuen el nom. El seu escut es va col·locar a les fortificacions i avui també forma part de l'escut de Cospicua. Van ser dissenyades per l'enginyer italià Antonio Maurizio Valperga durant el segle xvii. (ca) The Cottonera Lines (Maltese: Is-Swar tal-Kottonera), also known as the Valperga Lines (Maltese: Is-Swar ta' Valperga), are a line of fortifications in Bormla and Birgu, Malta. They were built in the 17th and 18th centuries on higher ground and further outwards than the earlier line of fortifications, known as the Santa Margherita or Firenzuola lines, which also surround Bormla. (en) Cottonera Lines (malt. Is-Swar tal-Kottonera), znane również jako Valperga Lines (malt. Is-Swar ta' Valperga) to linia fortyfikacji w Cospicua i Birgu na Malcie. Zostały one zbudowane w XVII i XVIII w. w celu stworzenia zewnętrznej linii obronnej Trzech Miast: Birgu, Senglei i Cospicua. Otaczają one wcześniejszą linię fortyfikacji, znaną jako Santa Margherita Lines. (pl) Die Cottonera Lines (auch Cotonera Lines) sind eine Befestigungsanlage auf Malta. Sie wurden von Antonio Maurizio Valperga entworfen. Ihr Bau wurde 1670 unter der Herrschaft des Großmeisters Nicolas Cotoner begonnen und erst im 18. Jahrhundert abgeschlossen. Nach dem Bau der Stadt Valletta gelten sie als das ambitionierteste Projekt des Johanniterordens. (de) La ligne de fortifications de Cottoner (en maltais is-Swar tal-Kottonera et Cottonera Lines en anglais) est une ligne de fortification à Malte. Elle est construite à la demande du grand maître de l'ordre de Saint-Jean de Jérusalem Nicolas Cottoner y de Oleza par Antonio Maurizio Valperga, ingénieur militaire du duc de Savoie. Devant les craintes de nouvelles invasions de l'archipel maltais après la chute de Candie et la prise de la Crète, plutôt que de renforcer les défenses du côté du Grand Harbour, il choisit, contre l'avis de beaucoup de princes européens, de renforcer la ligne de fortifications Sainte-Marguerite en englobant une grande superficie de terre pour permettre d'abriter une population de 4 000 personnes avec armes, bagages et bétail. La première pierre du rempart de 4,5 km de (fr) Линии Коттонера (мальт. Is-Swar tal-Kottonera), также известные как Линии Вальперга (мальт. Is-Swar ta 'Valperga); ранее известные как Линии Санта-Маргарита — бастионы, построенные в городах Бормла (Коспикуа) и Биргу на Мальте. Были возведены в XVII—XVIII веках для обороны и защиты так называемых «Трёх городов». Бастионы находятся на берегу Средиземного моря. Перечисление бастионов по часовой стрелке и их описания: (ru)
foaf:name	Cottonera Lines (en) Is-Swar tal-Kottonera (en)
name	Cottonera Lines (en)
geo:lat	35.877056 (xsd:float)
geo:long	14.526722 (xsd:float)
foaf:depiction
location	Birgu Cospicua Malta dbr:Cottonera_Lines__location__1
dcterms:subject	Cospicua 18th-century fortifications 17th-century fortifications National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands Limestone buildings in Malta Fortification lines Unfinished buildings and structures Buildings and structures in Birgu Hospitaller fortifications in Malta City walls in Malta
Wikipage page ID	8632768 (xsd:integer)
Wikipage revision ID	1115173814 (xsd:integer)
Link from a Wikipage to another Wikipage	Cospicua Santa Margherita Lines Birgu 18th-century fortifications List of Grand Masters of the Knights Hospitaller Limestone Corradino Lines Cospicua French occupation of Malta Ravelin 17th-century fortifications Bastion Malta Siege of Malta (1798–1800) Żabbar National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands Windmill Redoubt Ditch (fortification) Glacis Cretan War (1645–69) Limestone buildings in Malta Floriana Lines Fort San Salvatore Fortifications of Birgu Nicolas Cotoner Notre Dame Gate Cavalier (fortification) Fortification Government of Malta Redoubt Retrenchment (military) Gunpowder magazine Fortification lines Tal-Borg Battery Covertway Tenaille Unfinished buildings and structures Buildings and structures in Birgu Hospitaller fortifications in Malta St. Edward's College, Malta City walls in Malta Order of Saint John (Bailiwick of Brandenburg)

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