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The Caserta Agreement was signed on 26 September 1944, between the Greek exiled government (under Georgios Papandreou), the British Command in the Middle East, EAM/ELAS and EDES in Caserta, Italy. The agreement provided that all the resistance forces that were operating until then in Greece would be under the leadership of the Greek government, which would then be under the control of General Scobie.

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  • Caserta Agreement (en)
  • Συμφωνία της Καζέρτας (el)
  • Accord de Caserte (fr)
  • Accordo di Caserta (it)
rdfs:comment
  • Η Συμφωνία της Καζέρτας ήταν μια ιστορική συμφωνία που υπογράφηκε στις 26 Σεπτεμβρίου 1944 στην πόλη Καζέρτα της Ν. Ιταλίας, περί το τέλος του Β' Παγκοσμίου Πολέμου, μεταξύ της «ελεύθερης» ελληνικής κυβέρνησης εθνικής ενότητας που συστάθηκε στο Κάιρο και που είχε στο μεταξύ μεταφερθεί, στην παρακείμενη πόλη Κάβα ντε Τιρρένι, αφενός, και αφετέρου των ελληνικών αντιστασιακών οργανώσεων (ΕΑΜ και ΕΔΕΣ) που δρούσαν τότε στην Ελλάδα. Η συμφωνία αυτή έγινε υπό την επίβλεψη των Βρετανικών στρατιωτικών δυνάμεων της Μεσογείου που είχαν πλέον την έδρα τους στην παρακείμενη πόλη Σαλέρνο. Σκοπός της συμφωνίας αυτής ήταν να καθορισθούν θέματα σχετικά με τη δράση, τον έλεγχο και/ή τον αφοπλισμό των ένοπλων τμημάτων αντίστασης που είχαν δημιουργηθεί κατά τη διάρκεια της Κατοχής στον ελληνικό χώρο προκειμέ (el)
  • The Caserta Agreement was signed on 26 September 1944, between the Greek exiled government (under Georgios Papandreou), the British Command in the Middle East, EAM/ELAS and EDES in Caserta, Italy. The agreement provided that all the resistance forces that were operating until then in Greece would be under the leadership of the Greek government, which would then be under the control of General Scobie. (en)
  • L'accord de Caserte, en grec moderne : Συμφωνία της Καζέρτας / Simfonía tis Kazértas, est signé le 26 septembre 1944, entre le gouvernement grec en exil, conduit par Geórgios Papandréou, le commandement britannique au Moyen-Orient, le front de libération nationale (EAM)/l'Armée populaire de libération nationale grecque (ELAS) et la ligue nationale démocratique grecque (EDES), à Caserte en Italie. L'accord prévoit que toutes les forces de résistance qui opèrent jusqu'alors en Grèce soient placées sous la direction du gouvernement grec et sous le contrôle du général Ronald Scobie. (fr)
  • L'accordo di Caserta fu firmato il 26 settembre 1944, tra il governo greco in esilio (sotto Georgios Papandreou), il comando britannico in Medio Oriente, l'EAM/ELAS e l'EDES a Caserta, in Italia. L'accordo prevedeva che tutte le forze di resistenza che operavano fino ad allora in Grecia sarebbero state sotto la guida del governo greco, che sarebbe stato in seguito sotto il controllo del generale Scobie. (it)
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  • Caserta Agreement (en)
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  • Greek government-in-exile, EAM, EDES (en)
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  • Annex of Ohrid Agreement (en)
has abstract
  • Η Συμφωνία της Καζέρτας ήταν μια ιστορική συμφωνία που υπογράφηκε στις 26 Σεπτεμβρίου 1944 στην πόλη Καζέρτα της Ν. Ιταλίας, περί το τέλος του Β' Παγκοσμίου Πολέμου, μεταξύ της «ελεύθερης» ελληνικής κυβέρνησης εθνικής ενότητας που συστάθηκε στο Κάιρο και που είχε στο μεταξύ μεταφερθεί, στην παρακείμενη πόλη Κάβα ντε Τιρρένι, αφενός, και αφετέρου των ελληνικών αντιστασιακών οργανώσεων (ΕΑΜ και ΕΔΕΣ) που δρούσαν τότε στην Ελλάδα. Η συμφωνία αυτή έγινε υπό την επίβλεψη των Βρετανικών στρατιωτικών δυνάμεων της Μεσογείου που είχαν πλέον την έδρα τους στην παρακείμενη πόλη Σαλέρνο. Σκοπός της συμφωνίας αυτής ήταν να καθορισθούν θέματα σχετικά με τη δράση, τον έλεγχο και/ή τον αφοπλισμό των ένοπλων τμημάτων αντίστασης που είχαν δημιουργηθεί κατά τη διάρκεια της Κατοχής στον ελληνικό χώρο προκειμένου η χώρα να οδηγηθεί στην ομαλότητα, μετά την απελευθέρωση. (el)
  • The Caserta Agreement was signed on 26 September 1944, between the Greek exiled government (under Georgios Papandreou), the British Command in the Middle East, EAM/ELAS and EDES in Caserta, Italy. The agreement provided that all the resistance forces that were operating until then in Greece would be under the leadership of the Greek government, which would then be under the control of General Scobie. The Caserta Agreement was achieved despite intense concerns on the part of the Communist Party of Greece (KKE) and extreme right-wing circles. The concern in the ELAS classes during the Caserta Agreement was intense. As soon as Aris Velouchiotis, the head of ELAS, was informed of it, he convened a concentration of ELAS commanders in Lamia where he proposed the violent seizure of power. However, the majority of the rebels were reluctant to risk this, as they would find themselves against the Allies, and the attempt to create another unclear regime would be rather inappropriate. What was exactly discussed in the Caserta Agreement is not known. However, the EAM leadership had decided to change policy and with Soviet pressure became more conciliatory. In total contradiction to the previous conditions which EAM had demanded under the control of the new Greek government, and participate in the government of National Unity abandoning its previous demands for specific ministries. The government was formed on 15 August 1944 with the participation of six members from EAM. In the following weeks, with the gradual withdrawal of the German occupying forces from Greece, there was a widespread alarm, both in the Papandreou government and on the British side, at the dominant role of ELAS in the liberated areas. Despite the attempts to avoid civil war, the Battle of Athens broke out in December 1944, pitting ELAS against the troops of the government, the police, the former Security Battalions, and the ever-growing British military presence in the country. (en)
  • L'accord de Caserte, en grec moderne : Συμφωνία της Καζέρτας / Simfonía tis Kazértas, est signé le 26 septembre 1944, entre le gouvernement grec en exil, conduit par Geórgios Papandréou, le commandement britannique au Moyen-Orient, le front de libération nationale (EAM)/l'Armée populaire de libération nationale grecque (ELAS) et la ligue nationale démocratique grecque (EDES), à Caserte en Italie. L'accord prévoit que toutes les forces de résistance qui opèrent jusqu'alors en Grèce soient placées sous la direction du gouvernement grec et sous le contrôle du général Ronald Scobie. L'accord de Caserte est obtenu malgré les vives inquiétudes du Parti communiste de Grèce (KKE) et des milieux d'extrême droite. L'inquiétude des courants de l'ELAS, pendant l'accord de Caserte, est intense. Dès qu'Áris Velouchiótis, le chef de l'ELAS, en est informé, il convoque une réunion de commandants de l'ELAS, à Lamía où il propose la prise du pouvoir par la violence. Cependant, la majorité des rebelles sont réticents à prendre ce risque, car ils se retrouveraient contre les Alliés, et la tentative de créer un autre régime peu clair serait plutôt inappropriée. On ne sait pas exactement ce qui est discuté dans l'accord de Caserte. Cependant, la direction de l'EAM décide de changer de politique et, sous la pression soviétique, elle devient plus conciliante. En totale contradiction avec les conditions précédentes, que l'EAM avait exigées, sous le contrôle du nouveau gouvernement grec, il participe au gouvernement d'unité nationale en abandonnant ses précédentes demandes pour des ministères spécifiques. Le gouvernement est formé le 15 août 1944 avec la participation de six membres de l'EAM. Dans les semaines qui suivent, avec le retrait progressif des forces d'occupation allemandes de Grèce, une inquiétude généralisée se fait jour, tant au sein du gouvernement Papandreou que du côté britannique, quant au rôle dominant de l'ELAS dans les zones libérées. Malgré les tentatives pour éviter la guerre civile, la bataille d'Athènes éclate en décembre 1944, trouvant l'ELAS face aux troupes grecques du gouvernement, de la police, des anciens bataillons de sécurité et l'aide des militaires Britanniques, toujours plus nombreux dans le pays. (fr)
  • L'accordo di Caserta fu firmato il 26 settembre 1944, tra il governo greco in esilio (sotto Georgios Papandreou), il comando britannico in Medio Oriente, l'EAM/ELAS e l'EDES a Caserta, in Italia. L'accordo prevedeva che tutte le forze di resistenza che operavano fino ad allora in Grecia sarebbero state sotto la guida del governo greco, che sarebbe stato in seguito sotto il controllo del generale Scobie. L'accordo di Caserta fu raggiunto nonostante le intense preoccupazioni da parte del Partito Comunista di Grecia (KKE) e degli ambienti di estrema destra. La preoccupazione nelle classi dell'ELAS durante l'Accordo di Caserta fu allo stesso modo intensa. Non appena Aris Velouchiotis, il capo dell'ELAS, ne fu informato, convocò un concentramento di comandanti dell'ELAS a Lamia dove propose la violenta presa del potere. Tuttavia, la maggior parte dei ribelli era riluttante a rischiare, poiché si sarebbe ritrovata contro gli alleati; inoltre il tentativo di creare un altro regime poco chiaro sarebbe stato piuttosto inappropriato. Di cosa si discutesse esattamente nell'Accordo di Caserta non è noto. Tuttavia, la leadership dell'EAM aveva deciso di cambiare politica e con la pressione sovietica divenne più conciliante. In totale contraddizione con le precedenti condizioni che l'EAM aveva chiesto sotto il controllo del nuovo governo greco, e partecipare al governo di unità nazionale abbandonò le sue precedenti richieste di ministeri specifici. Il governo venne formato il 15 agosto 1944 con la partecipazione di sei membri dell'EAM. Nelle settimane successive, con il graduale ritiro delle forze di occupazione tedesche dalla Grecia, vi fu un diffuso allarme, sia nel governo Papandreou che da parte britannica, per il ruolo dominante dell'ELAS nelle aree liberate. Nonostante i tentativi di evitare la guerra civile, la battaglia di Atene scoppiò nel dicembre 1944, mettendo l'ELAS contro le truppe del governo, la polizia, gli ex battaglioni di sicurezza e la sempre crescente presenza militare britannica nel paese. (it)
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