Ahmad Abd al-Ghafur Attar (Arabic: أحمد عبد الغفور عطار, romanized: ʿAḥmad ʿAbd al-Ghafūr Aṭṭār; 11 October 1916 – 1 February 1991) was a Saudi Arabian writer, journalist and poet, best known for his works about 20th-century Islamic challenges. Born in Mecca, capital city of Hejazi Hashemite Kingdom into a family of Bengali descent. He received a basic education and graduated from the Saudi Scientific Institute in 1937, took a scholarship for higher studies in Cairo University, then returned to his country and worked in some government offices before devoting himself to literature and research. Attar wrote many works about Arabic linguistic and Islamic studies, and gained fame as a Muslim apologist, Anti-communist and Zionism, he who believed in flexibility of Islamic jurisprudence for