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The 16 May 1877 crisis (French: Crise du seize mai) was a constitutional crisis in the French Third Republic concerning the distribution of power between the president and the legislature. When the royalist president Patrice MacMahon dismissed the Opportunist Republican prime minister Jules Simon, the parliament on 16 May 1877 refused to support the new government and was dissolved by the president. New elections resulted in the royalists increasing their seat totals, but nonetheless resulted in a majority for the Republicans. Thus, the interpretation of the 1875 Constitution as a parliamentary system prevailed over a presidential system. The crisis ultimately sealed the defeat of the royalist movement, and was instrumental in creating the conditions of the longevity of the Third Republic.

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  • 16 May 1877 crisis (en)
  • Colpo del 16 maggio 1877 (it)
  • Crise du 16 mai 1877 (fr)
  • 1877년 5월 16일 헌정위기 (ko)
  • Kryzys 16 maja 1877 (pl)
  • Crise de 16 de maio de 1877 (pt)
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  • The 16 May 1877 crisis (French: Crise du seize mai) was a constitutional crisis in the French Third Republic concerning the distribution of power between the president and the legislature. When the royalist president Patrice MacMahon dismissed the Opportunist Republican prime minister Jules Simon, the parliament on 16 May 1877 refused to support the new government and was dissolved by the president. New elections resulted in the royalists increasing their seat totals, but nonetheless resulted in a majority for the Republicans. Thus, the interpretation of the 1875 Constitution as a parliamentary system prevailed over a presidential system. The crisis ultimately sealed the defeat of the royalist movement, and was instrumental in creating the conditions of the longevity of the Third Republic. (en)
  • 1877년 5월 16일 헌정위기는 프랑스 제3공화국에서 대통령과 의회 사이의 힘의 분배에 대한 논란으로 촉발된 정치적인 위기이다. 왕당파 대통령이었던 파트리스 드 마크마옹이 온건파 공화주의자인 총리 을 해임하자, 1877년 5월 16일에 프랑스 의회는 새 정부에 대한 지지를 거부하고 대통령에 의해 해산되었다. 그러나 새 선거는 공화당의 압도적인 승리로 끝났고, 이에 따라 1875년 헌법을 대통령제로 보는 해석 대신 의회제로 보는 해석이 받아들여지게 되었다. 이 헌법 위기는 왕당파 운동의 패배를 확정지었고, 제3공화국이 오래 유지될 수 있는 조건을 형성하는 데에 중요한 역할을 했다. (ko)
  • Kryzys 16 maja 1877 (fr. Crise du seize mai) był pierwszym, a zarazem najpoważniejszym kryzysem politycznym w historii III Republiki Francuskiej. Jej istotę stanowił spór pomiędzy zwolennikami republiki a rojalistami o przyszły ustrój Francji. (pl)
  • A crise de 16 de maio de 1877 foi uma crise constitucional da Terceira República francesa, e que opôs o presidente da República, o marechal Patrice de Mac Hamon, monárquico, contra a Câmara dos deputados eleita em 1876, por maioria republicana, e ao seu líder Léon Gambetta. A crise iniciou-se a 16 de maio quando o presidente nomeia um chefe de governo conforme o seu ponto de vista, opondo-se aos do parlamento. Prolongou-se durante todo o ano de 1877 e só terminou a 13 de dezembro de 1877 quando Mac Mahon reconhece a sua derrota política. (pt)
  • La crise du 16 mai 1877 est une crise institutionnelle de la Troisième République française qui oppose le président de la République, le maréchal Patrice de Mac Mahon, monarchiste, à la Chambre des députés élue en 1876, à la majorité républicaine, menée par l'une de ses grandes figures, Léon Gambetta. (fr)
  • Con l’espressione Colpo del 16 maggio 1877 (o Crisi del 16 maggio 1877), ci si riferisce a una crisi istituzionale della Terza Repubblica francese, che oppose il Presidente della Repubblica, il maresciallo Patrice de Mac-Mahon, monarchico, alla Camera dei Deputati, eletta nel 1876 e a maggioranza repubblicana, in particolare a Léon Gambetta. (it)
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  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Crise_du_16_mai_1877_-_caricature_de_Mac-Mahon_et_Gambetta.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pavillon_royal_de_France.png
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