The 1983 Ibero-American Championships (Spanish: I Campeonato Iberoamericano de Atletismo) was an athletics competition which was held at the in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain from 23–25 September 1983. A total of 37 events were contested, of which 22 by male and 15 by female athletes. It was the first edition of the Ibero-American Championships, although a precursor to the tournament, the Juegos Iberoamericanos (Ibero-American Games), had been held in 1960 and 1962. Eighteen countries participated, drawing from the 22 members of the Asociación Ibero-Americano de Atletismo (Ibero-American Athletics Association).