. . "31592075"^^ . . . . . . "1078866870"^^ . . . "19840"^^ . . . "La Silenta Vojo estas instrumetodo kreita de kies \u0109efa instrutekniko estas la silento. La meotodo ne estas konsiderata inter la gravaj metodoj de lingvoinstruado. \u011Ci estis unuafoje prezentita en la libro de Gattegno Teaching Foreign Languages in Schools: The Silent Way in 1963 de 1963. Gattegno dubis pri la tiamaj \u0109efaj instruadmetodoj, kaj fasonis sian metodon kiel apartan realigadon de sia \u011Denerala teorio pri instruado."@eo . . . . . "Silent Way"@en . . . . . . . . . "\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062C \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0639\u0644\u064A\u0645\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0645\u062A (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062C\u0644\u064A\u0632\u064A\u0629:Silent Way)\u060C \u0627\u0628\u062A\u0643\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064A\u0642 \u0643\u064A\u0644\u0628 \u063A\u0627\u062A\u064A\u0646\u064A\u0648 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062C \u0644\u062A\u0639\u0644\u064A\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063A\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062C\u0646\u0628\u064A\u0629\u061B \u0625\u0630 \u064A\u062A\u062E\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u062A \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064B\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0639\u0644\u064A\u0645. \u0641\u0641\u064A \u0639\u0627\u0645 1963 \u0645\u060C \u0637\u0631\u062D \u063A\u0627\u062A\u064A\u0646\u064A\u0648 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062C \u0641\u064A \u0643\u062A\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u00AB\u062A\u0639\u0644\u064A\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063A\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062C\u0646\u0628\u064A\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062F\u0627\u0631\u0633: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062C \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0645\u062A\u00BB \u062A\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0642\u062F\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062F\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u062A\u062F\u0631\u064A\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063A\u0627\u062A \u0644\u062A\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062F\u0651\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062F \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062C \u0627\u0639\u062A\u0645\u0627\u062F\u064B\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064A\u062A\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062A\u0639\u0644\u064A\u0645 \u0639\u0648\u0636\u064B\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u062A\u064A \u064A\u062A\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u062D\u0627\u0644\u064A\u064B\u0627. \u0648\u0639\u0627\u062F\u0629\u064B \u0645\u0627 \u064A\u064F\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062C \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u062F\u064A\u0644\u064C \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0628 \u062A\u0639\u0644\u064A\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063A\u0627\u062A\u061B \u0641\u0642\u062F \u0635\u0646\u0641\u0647 \u00AB\u0643\u0648\u0643\u00BB \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062E\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0635\u0646\u0641\u0647 \u0631\u064A\u062A\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062F \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062C \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062F\u064A\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0646\u0641\u0647 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062C\u064A\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u0648\u0631\u062A\u0627\u0632\u064A \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062C \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062F\u064A\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0629."@ar . . . . . . . . . "La Silenta Vojo"@eo . "\uCE68\uBB35\uC2DD \uAD50\uC218\uBC95(\u6C88\u9ED8\u5F0F\u654E\u6388\u6CD5, Silent Way) \uB610\uB294 \uBB34\uC5B8 \uAD50\uC218\uBC95(\u7121\u8A00\u654E\u6388\u6CD5)\uC740 \uC774\uD0C8\uB9AC\uC544\uC758 \uC218\uD559 \uAD50\uC721\uAC00 \uCE7C\uB819 \uAC00\uD14C\uADF8\uB178(Caleb Gattegno, 1911-1988)\uAC00 \uCC3D\uC548\uD55C \uAD50\uC218\uBC95\uC774\uB2E4. \uAD50\uC0AC\uB294 \uC218\uC5C5 \uB0B4\uB0B4 \uCE68\uBB35\uD558\uBA70, \uD559\uC2B5\uC790\uB294 \uD034\uC988\uB124\uC5B4 \uB9C9\uB300\uC640 \uAC01\uC885 \uD45C \uB4F1\uC744 \uD1B5\uD558\uC5EC \uBC1C\uC74C, \uC5B4\uD718, \uBB38\uD615 \uB4F1\uC744 \uC2A4\uC2A4\uB85C \uC775\uD78C\uB2E4."@ko . "La Silenta Vojo estas instrumetodo kreita de kies \u0109efa instrutekniko estas la silento. La meotodo ne estas konsiderata inter la gravaj metodoj de lingvoinstruado. \u011Ci estis unuafoje prezentita en la libro de Gattegno Teaching Foreign Languages in Schools: The Silent Way in 1963 de 1963. Gattegno dubis pri la tiamaj \u0109efaj instruadmetodoj, kaj fasonis sian metodon kiel apartan realigadon de sia \u011Denerala teorio pri instruado. La metodo emfazas a\u016Dtonomecon de la lernanto; la rolo de la instruisto estas kontroli la studentajn klopodojn, kaj la lernantoj estas kura\u011Digitaj havi aktivan rolon en lernado de la lingvo. Prononcado estas vidita kiel fundamento; oni komencas sian studon per prononcado, kaj oni elspezas multe da tempo por praktiki \u011Din en \u0109iuj lecionoj. La Silenta Vojo uzas strukturigitajn silabojn, kaj tiujn strukturojn oni studas kaj reuzas konstante. La elekto de la vortprovizo estas grava, funkciaj kaj plurfunkciaj vortoj plej ta\u016Dgas. Tradukado kaj ofta ripetado estas evitata kaj la lingvo estas kutime praktikata en sencohavaj kuntekstoj. La instruisto taksas la lernantojn per ekstera observado, kaj la instruisto neniam starigis formalan teston. La instruisto uzas la Silentan Vojon pro diversaj kialoj. \u011Ci enfokusigas la atenton de la studanto, \u011Di instigas ilin respondi, kaj kura\u011Digi ilin korekti siajn proprajn erarojn. Kvankam la instruisto estas ofte silenta, li estas anka\u016D aktiva: li uzas diversajn teknikojn kiel montri vorton per lipmovoj a\u016D uzi mangestojn por helpi la studantojn pri ilia prononco. La instruisto anka\u016D kura\u011Digas studentojn helpi unu la aliajn."@eo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "The Silent Way is a language-teaching approach created by Caleb Gattegno that makes extensive use of silence as a teaching method. Gattegno introduced the method in 1963, in his book Teaching Foreign Languages in Schools: The Silent Way. Gattegno was critical of mainstream language education at the time, and he based the method on his general theories of education rather than on existing language pedagogy. It is usually regarded as an \"alternative\" language-teaching method; Cook groups it under \"other styles\", Richards groups it under \"alternative approaches and methods\" and Jin & Cortazzi group it under \"Humanistic or Alternative Approaches\". The method emphasizes learner autonomy and active student participation. Silence is used as a tool to achieve this goal; the teacher uses a mixture of silence and gestures to focus students' attention, to elicit responses from them, and to encourage them to correct their own errors. Pronunciation is seen as fundamental to the method, with a great deal of time spent on it each lesson. The Silent Way uses a and concentrates on teaching a small number of functional and versatile words. Translation and rote repetition are avoided, and the language is usually practiced in meaningful contexts. Evaluation is carried out by observation, and the teacher may never set a formal test. One of the hallmarks of the Silent Way is the use of Cuisenaire rods, which can be used for anything from introducing simple commands (\"Take two red rods and give them to her.\") to representing objects such as clocks and floor plans. The method also draws on color associations to help teach pronunciation; there is a sound-color chart which is used to teach the language sounds, colored word charts which are used for work on sentences, and colored Fidel charts which are used to teach spelling. While the Silent Way is not widely used in its original form, its ideas have been influential, especially in the teaching of pronunciation."@en . . . . "\uCE68\uBB35\uC2DD \uAD50\uC218\uBC95"@ko . . "\uCE68\uBB35\uC2DD \uAD50\uC218\uBC95(\u6C88\u9ED8\u5F0F\u654E\u6388\u6CD5, Silent Way) \uB610\uB294 \uBB34\uC5B8 \uAD50\uC218\uBC95(\u7121\u8A00\u654E\u6388\u6CD5)\uC740 \uC774\uD0C8\uB9AC\uC544\uC758 \uC218\uD559 \uAD50\uC721\uAC00 \uCE7C\uB819 \uAC00\uD14C\uADF8\uB178(Caleb Gattegno, 1911-1988)\uAC00 \uCC3D\uC548\uD55C \uAD50\uC218\uBC95\uC774\uB2E4. \uAD50\uC0AC\uB294 \uC218\uC5C5 \uB0B4\uB0B4 \uCE68\uBB35\uD558\uBA70, \uD559\uC2B5\uC790\uB294 \uD034\uC988\uB124\uC5B4 \uB9C9\uB300\uC640 \uAC01\uC885 \uD45C \uB4F1\uC744 \uD1B5\uD558\uC5EC \uBC1C\uC74C, \uC5B4\uD718, \uBB38\uD615 \uB4F1\uC744 \uC2A4\uC2A4\uB85C \uC775\uD78C\uB2E4."@ko . . "The Silent Way is a language-teaching approach created by Caleb Gattegno that makes extensive use of silence as a teaching method. Gattegno introduced the method in 1963, in his book Teaching Foreign Languages in Schools: The Silent Way. Gattegno was critical of mainstream language education at the time, and he based the method on his general theories of education rather than on existing language pedagogy. It is usually regarded as an \"alternative\" language-teaching method; Cook groups it under \"other styles\", Richards groups it under \"alternative approaches and methods\" and Jin & Cortazzi group it under \"Humanistic or Alternative Approaches\"."@en . . . "\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062C \u062A\u0639\u0644\u064A\u0645\u064A \u0635\u0627\u0645\u062A"@ar . . . . . . . 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