"Gu Zhongqing \u9867\u5FE0\u6E05"@en . "Gu Yanwu (chinesisch: \u9867\u708E\u6B66 / \u987E\u708E\u6B66) (* 15. Juli 1613 in Kunshan; \u2020 15. Februar 1682 in Quwo) hie\u00DF urspr\u00FCnglich Gu Jiang (chinesisch: \u9867\u7D73) und trat auch unter dem Namen Gu Tinglin (chinesisch: \u9867\u4EAD\u6797) auf. Er war ein chinesischer Universalgelehrter, der sich mit den Themen Philologie, Philosophie, Geografie, Landwirtschaft, Politik und Wirtschaftswissenschaften befasste. Er wird der Gruppe der Ming-Loyalisten zugerechnet. Ausgehend von seiner Kritik am Neo-Konfuzianismus regte er eine grundlegende Neuinterpretation des klassischen chinesischen Bildungskanons unter Zuhilfenahme der von ihm entwickelten Methode der Textanalyse an."@de . "Gu Yanwu (Hanzi: \u9867\u708E\u6B66) (15 Juli 1613 \u2013 15 Februari 1682), juga dikenal sebagai Gu Tinglin (Hanzi: \u9867\u4EAD\u6797), merupakan seorang ahli filologi dan geografi Tiongkok. Ia menghabiskan masa mudanya selama penaklukan Ming oleh Qing dalam kegiatan-kegiatan setelah Dinasti Ming digulingkan. Ia tidak pernah melayani Dinasti Qing. Sebaliknya, ia melakukan perjalanan ke seluruh negeri dan mengabdikan dirinya untuk belajar."@in . . "Gu Yanwu (ur. 1613, zm. 1682) \u2013 uczony z czas\u00F3w dynastii Ming oraz Qing. Pochodzi\u0142 z Jiangsu. Za m\u0142odu wst\u0105pi\u0142 do stowarzyszenia, kt\u00F3re oponowa\u0142o przeciw wszechw\u0142adzy eunuch\u00F3w pa\u0142acowych. Po upadku dynastii Ming, pozosta\u0142 jej lojalny, odm\u00F3wi\u0142 wsp\u00F3\u0142pracy z nowymi w\u0142adzami i skupi\u0142 si\u0119 na zrozumieniu przyczyn kl\u0119ski Ming\u00F3w. Nie da\u0142 si\u0119 zaanga\u017Cowa\u0107 do tworzenia oficjalnej historii dynastii Ming pod patronatem cesarza Kangxi, co by\u0142o zar\u00F3wno sposobem wci\u0105gni\u0119cia uczonych do wsp\u00F3\u0142pracy z now\u0105 dynasti\u0105, jak i legitymizacj\u0105 jej rz\u0105d\u00F3w (jego macocha, w prote\u015Bcie przeciw nowym rz\u0105dom, zag\u0142odzi\u0142a si\u0119 na \u015Bmier\u0107). By\u0142 jednak cenionym autorem i kompilatorzy zbioru-encyklopedii Sikuquanshu za czas\u00F3w cesarza Qianlonga w\u0142\u0105czyli w jego sk\u0142ad 15 dzie\u0142 Gu."@pl . . . . . . . . . . "1613"^^ . . "Gu Yanwu (en xin\u00E8s tradicional: \u9867\u708E\u6B66; en xin\u00E8s simplificat: \u987E\u708E\u6B66; en pinyin: G\u00F9 Y\u00E1nw\u01D4; Kunshan, Jiangsu, Xina 15 de juliol de 1613 - , Shaanxi, Xina 15 de febrer de 1682). Fil\u00F2sof, historiador i ge\u00F2graf xin\u00E8s de la transici\u00F3 entre les dinasties Ming i Qing, sovint considerat com el fil\u00F2sof m\u00E9s important de la seva generaci\u00F3."@ca . . "\u0413\u0443 \u042F\u043D\u044C\u0443\u0301 (\u043A\u0438\u0442. \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434. \u9867\u708E\u6B66, \u0443\u043F\u0440. \u987E\u708E\u6B66, \u043F\u0438\u043D\u044C\u0438\u043D\u044C G\u00F9 Y\u00E1nw\u01D4; 15 \u0438\u044E\u043B\u044F 1613 \u2014 15 \u0444\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u043B\u044F 1682) \u2014 \u043A\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444-\u043A\u043E\u043D\u0444\u0443\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043D\u0435\u0446, \u0438\u0434\u0435\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433 \u0430\u043D\u0442\u0438\u043C\u0430\u043D\u044C\u0447\u0436\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0431\u043E\u0440\u044C\u0431\u044B \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0435, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C, \u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433, \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u043A, \u0433\u0435\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444, \u044D\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0438\u0441\u0442 \u0438 \u0430\u0433\u0440\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C. \u0411\u044B\u043B \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043B\u0435\u043C \u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043D\u0430\u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u043F\u0443 \u0441\u044E\u044D \u6A38\u5B78 (\u00AB\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043A\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043D\u043E\u0435 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435\u00BB \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u00AB\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u043E \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u00BB, \u0441\u043C. zh:\u6E05\u5B78)."@ru . . "Gu Yanwu (en xin\u00E8s tradicional: \u9867\u708E\u6B66; en xin\u00E8s simplificat: \u987E\u708E\u6B66; en pinyin: G\u00F9 Y\u00E1nw\u01D4; Kunshan, Jiangsu, Xina 15 de juliol de 1613 - , Shaanxi, Xina 15 de febrer de 1682). Fil\u00F2sof, historiador i ge\u00F2graf xin\u00E8s de la transici\u00F3 entre les dinasties Ming i Qing, sovint considerat com el fil\u00F2sof m\u00E9s important de la seva generaci\u00F3."@ca . . . "Gu Tongying"@en . . . . . . "Gu Yanwu"@en . . "Gu,+Yanwu"@en . . "1682-02-15"^^ . . . . "Gu Yanwu"@en . "7166"^^ . . "Gu Yanwu"@ca . . "G\u00F9 Ji\u00E0ng"@en . . "Yanwu Gu"@en . . . . "Gu Yanwu"@pl . "1613-07-15"^^ . "1613-07-15"^^ . . . . . . . "1098662883"^^ . . . "\u0413\u0443 \u042F\u043D\u044C\u0443"@ru . "Gu Yanwu, nato Jiang (\u7D73) e conosciuto anche con il nome di Gu Tinglin \u9867\u4EAD\u6797 (caratteri cinesi: \u9867\u708E\u6B66; pinyin: G\u00F9 Y\u00E1nw\u01D4; Jiangsu, 1613 \u2013 1682), \u00E8 stato uno scrittore e filologo cinese vissuto a cavallo tra la dinastia Ming e la dinastia Qing."@it . "\uACE0\uC5FC\uBB34(\u9867\u708E\u6B66, 1613\uB144 ~ 1682\uB144)\uB294 \uC911\uAD6D \uBA85\uB9D0(\u660E\u672B)\uCCAD\uCD08\uC758 \uC0AC\uC0C1\uAC00\u00B7\uD559\uC790\uC774\uB2E4. \uBA85\uB098\uB77C \uB9CC\uB825(\u842C\u66C6) 41\uB144 \uAC15\uC18C\uC131(\u6C5F\u8607\u7701) \uACE4\uC0B0(\u6606\u5C71)\uC5D0\uC11C \uCD9C\uC0DD\uD574 \uCCAD\uB098\uB77C \uAC15\uD76C(\u5EB7\u7199) 21\uB144 \uC0B0\uC11C\uC131 \uACE1\uC625(\uD604\uC7AC \uC0B0\uC11C\uC131 \uC784\uBD84\uC2DC \uACE1\uC625\uD604)\uC5D0\uC11C \uC0AC\uB9DD\uD588\uB2E4. \uBCF8\uBA85\uC740 \uAC15(\u7D73)\uC774\uACE0 \uC790(\u5B57)\uB294 \uCDA9\uCCAD(\u5FE0\u6DF8)\uC774\uB2E4. \uBA85\uB098\uB77C \uBA78\uB9DD \uC774\uD6C4 \uC774\uB984\uC744 \uC5FC\uBB34(\u708E\u6B66), \uC790\uB97C \uC601\uC778(\u5BE7\u4EBA)\uC73C\uB85C \uACE0\uCCE4\uB2E4. \uC11C\uBA85(\u7F72\u540D)\uC740 \uC7A5\uC0B0\uC6A9(\u8523\u5C71\u50AD), \uD638\uB294 \uC815\uB9BC(\u4EAD\u6797)\uC73C\uB85C, \uC138\uC0C1\uC5D0 \uC815\uB9BC \uC120\uC0DD\uC73C\uB85C\uB3C4 \uC54C\uB824\uC838 \uC788\uC73C\uBA70, \uCCAD\uB300 \uACE0\uC99D\uD559\uC758 \uAC1C\uC870(\u958B\u7956)\uB85C \uD3C9\uAC00\uB418\uACE0 \uC788\uB2E4. \uC655\uBD80\uC9C0(\u738B\u592B\u4E4B)\u00B7\uD669\uC885\uD76C(\u9EC3\u5B97\u7FB2)\uC640 \uD568\uAED8 \uC0BC\uB300 \uC720\uB85C(\u907A\u8001)\uB85C \uC54C\uB824\uC838\uC788\uB2E4."@ko . . . "Gu Yanwu"@pt . . "\uACE0\uC5FC\uBB34(\u9867\u708E\u6B66, 1613\uB144 ~ 1682\uB144)\uB294 \uC911\uAD6D \uBA85\uB9D0(\u660E\u672B)\uCCAD\uCD08\uC758 \uC0AC\uC0C1\uAC00\u00B7\uD559\uC790\uC774\uB2E4. \uBA85\uB098\uB77C \uB9CC\uB825(\u842C\u66C6) 41\uB144 \uAC15\uC18C\uC131(\u6C5F\u8607\u7701) \uACE4\uC0B0(\u6606\u5C71)\uC5D0\uC11C \uCD9C\uC0DD\uD574 \uCCAD\uB098\uB77C \uAC15\uD76C(\u5EB7\u7199) 21\uB144 \uC0B0\uC11C\uC131 \uACE1\uC625(\uD604\uC7AC \uC0B0\uC11C\uC131 \uC784\uBD84\uC2DC \uACE1\uC625\uD604)\uC5D0\uC11C \uC0AC\uB9DD\uD588\uB2E4. \uBCF8\uBA85\uC740 \uAC15(\u7D73)\uC774\uACE0 \uC790(\u5B57)\uB294 \uCDA9\uCCAD(\u5FE0\u6DF8)\uC774\uB2E4. \uBA85\uB098\uB77C \uBA78\uB9DD \uC774\uD6C4 \uC774\uB984\uC744 \uC5FC\uBB34(\u708E\u6B66), \uC790\uB97C \uC601\uC778(\u5BE7\u4EBA)\uC73C\uB85C \uACE0\uCCE4\uB2E4. \uC11C\uBA85(\u7F72\u540D)\uC740 \uC7A5\uC0B0\uC6A9(\u8523\u5C71\u50AD), \uD638\uB294 \uC815\uB9BC(\u4EAD\u6797)\uC73C\uB85C, \uC138\uC0C1\uC5D0 \uC815\uB9BC \uC120\uC0DD\uC73C\uB85C\uB3C4 \uC54C\uB824\uC838 \uC788\uC73C\uBA70, \uCCAD\uB300 \uACE0\uC99D\uD559\uC758 \uAC1C\uC870(\u958B\u7956)\uB85C \uD3C9\uAC00\uB418\uACE0 \uC788\uB2E4. \uC655\uBD80\uC9C0(\u738B\u592B\u4E4B)\u00B7\uD669\uC885\uD76C(\u9EC3\u5B97\u7FB2)\uC640 \uD568\uAED8 \uC0BC\uB300 \uC720\uB85C(\u907A\u8001)\uB85C \uC54C\uB824\uC838\uC788\uB2E4."@ko . "Gu Yanwu (G\u00F9 Y\u00E1nw\u01D4 ; \u9867\u708E\u6B66 ; \u987E\u708E\u6B66) (1613-1682) est un intellectuel chinois des d\u00E9buts de la p\u00E9riode de dynastie Qing, qui s'est illustr\u00E9 dans divers domaines (philosophie, philologie, g\u00E9ographie, histoire)."@fr . . . . . . . "Lord Tinglin \u4EAD\u6797\u5148\u751F"@en . . "Gu Yanwu"@in . . . "Gu Yanwu (ur. 1613, zm. 1682) \u2013 uczony z czas\u00F3w dynastii Ming oraz Qing. Pochodzi\u0142 z Jiangsu. Za m\u0142odu wst\u0105pi\u0142 do stowarzyszenia, kt\u00F3re oponowa\u0142o przeciw wszechw\u0142adzy eunuch\u00F3w pa\u0142acowych. Po upadku dynastii Ming, pozosta\u0142 jej lojalny, odm\u00F3wi\u0142 wsp\u00F3\u0142pracy z nowymi w\u0142adzami i skupi\u0142 si\u0119 na zrozumieniu przyczyn kl\u0119ski Ming\u00F3w. Nie da\u0142 si\u0119 zaanga\u017Cowa\u0107 do tworzenia oficjalnej historii dynastii Ming pod patronatem cesarza Kangxi, co by\u0142o zar\u00F3wno sposobem wci\u0105gni\u0119cia uczonych do wsp\u00F3\u0142pracy z now\u0105 dynasti\u0105, jak i legitymizacj\u0105 jej rz\u0105d\u00F3w (jego macocha, w prote\u015Bcie przeciw nowym rz\u0105dom, zag\u0142odzi\u0142a si\u0119 na \u015Bmier\u0107). By\u0142 jednak cenionym autorem i kompilatorzy zbioru-encyklopedii Sikuquanshu za czas\u00F3w cesarza Qianlonga w\u0142\u0105czyli w jego sk\u0142ad 15 dzie\u0142 Gu. Wielki erudyta, zajmowa\u0142 si\u0119 egzegez\u0105 tekst\u00F3w, filozofi\u0105, histori\u0105 i polityk\u0105, astronomi\u0105, upraw\u0105 roli, sztukami wojennymi literatur\u0105 i fonetyk\u0105. Jego Pi\u0119\u0107 ksi\u0105g o fonetyce (\u97F3\u5B66\u4E94\u4E66, Yinxue wushu) by\u0142o dla nast\u0119pc\u00F3w wzorem dok\u0142adnej analizy tekstu. Zaanga\u017Cowany badacz, osobi\u015Bcie przemierzy\u0142 wielkie obszary Chin p\u00F3\u0142nocnych, osobi\u015Bcie zbieraj\u0105c materia\u0142y o ziemiach i obyczajach ich mieszka\u0144c\u00F3w, kt\u00F3re zawar\u0142 w prywatnej geografii Tianxia junguo libing shu (\u5929\u4E0B\u90E1\u56FD\u5229\u75C5\u4E66). Zastanawiaj\u0105c si\u0119 nad najlepszymi sposobami maj\u0105cymi na celu reform\u0119 pa\u0144stwa chi\u0144skiego wykazywa\u0142 konieczno\u015B\u0107 zrezygnowania z ustroju opartego na pe\u0142nej centralizacji i przej\u015Bcia do nowego. Ten nowy ustr\u00F3j mia\u0142by realizowa\u0107 zasad\u0119 r\u00F3wnowagi mi\u0119dzy w\u0142adzami lokalnymi a centralnymi. Postulowa\u0142 cz\u0119\u015Bciow\u0105 re-feudalizacj\u0119, przez wprowadzenie dziedzicznych urz\u0119dnik\u00F3w na ni\u017Cszych szczeblach, twierdz\u0105c, \u017Ce silniej i d\u0142u\u017Cej zwi\u0105zani ze swym dystryktem urz\u0119dnicy bardziej b\u0119d\u0105 o niego dba\u0107. Jako konfucjanista propagowa\u0142 powr\u00F3t do nauki Han, krytykowa\u0142 natomiast nauk\u0119 Song. G\u0142osi\u0142 potrzeb\u0119 powrotu do studiowania ksi\u0105g klasycznych (kt\u00F3rych by\u0142 wybitnym krytykiem) i porzucenia neokonfucja\u0144skich koncepcji jak xin (serce-umys\u0142), xing (natura) itp. Uwa\u017Ca\u0142, \u017Ce pr\u00F3by dotarcia do wewn\u0119trznej czysto\u015Bci to zb\u0119dne wysi\u0142ki, oddalaj\u0105ce od w\u0142a\u015Bciwego przedmiotu studi\u00F3w, jakim s\u0105 klasyki. Tworzy\u0142 r\u00F3wnie\u017C poezje, mi\u0119dzy innymi o tematyce patriotycznej."@pl . . "\u5929\u4E0B\u8208\u4EA1\uFF0C\u5339\u592B\u6709\u8CAC"@en . . . . "Gu Yanwu"@fr . "Great grandfather: Gu Zhangzhi"@en . . . . . . . . . . "Lord Tinglin \u4EAD\u6797\u5148\u751F"@en . "1682"^^ . . "\u0490\u0443 \u042F\u043D\u044C\u0443"@uk . . . . . . . . . "Student of the Guozijian"@en . . . . "Gu Jiang \u9867\u7EDB"@en . . "Gu Yanwu"@en . . "Lady Zhu"@en . . . . "15112619"^^ . "\u987E\u708E\u6B66"@zh . "\u0413\u0443 \u042F\u043D\u044C\u0443\u0301 (\u043A\u0438\u0442. \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434. \u9867\u708E\u6B66, \u0443\u043F\u0440. \u987E\u708E\u6B66, \u043F\u0438\u043D\u044C\u0438\u043D\u044C G\u00F9 Y\u00E1nw\u01D4; 15 \u0438\u044E\u043B\u044F 1613 \u2014 15 \u0444\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u043B\u044F 1682) \u2014 \u043A\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444-\u043A\u043E\u043D\u0444\u0443\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043D\u0435\u0446, \u0438\u0434\u0435\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433 \u0430\u043D\u0442\u0438\u043C\u0430\u043D\u044C\u0447\u0436\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0431\u043E\u0440\u044C\u0431\u044B \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043D\u0435, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C, \u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433, \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u043A, \u0433\u0435\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444, \u044D\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0438\u0441\u0442 \u0438 \u0430\u0433\u0440\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C. \u0411\u044B\u043B \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043B\u0435\u043C \u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043D\u0430\u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u043F\u0443 \u0441\u044E\u044D \u6A38\u5B78 (\u00AB\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043A\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043D\u043E\u0435 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435\u00BB \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u00AB\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u043E \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u00BB, \u0441\u043C. zh:\u6E05\u5B78)."@ru . "\u0490\u0443\u0301 \u042F\u043D\u044C\u0443\u0301 (\u0441\u043F\u0440\u043E\u0449.: \u987E\u708E\u6B66; \u043A\u0438\u0442. \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434.: \u9867\u708E\u6B66; \u043F\u0456\u043D\u044C\u0457\u043D\u044C: G\u00F9 Y\u00E1nw\u01D4; 15 \u043B\u0438\u043F\u043D\u044F 1613 \u2014 15 \u043B\u044E\u0442\u043E\u0433\u043E 1682) \u2014 \u043A\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u0456\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444-\u043D\u0435\u043E\u043A\u043E\u043D\u0444\u0443\u0446\u0456\u0430\u043D\u0435\u0446\u044C, \u0432\u0447\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0439-\u0435\u043D\u0446\u0438\u043A\u043B\u043E\u043F\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442 (\u0444\u0456\u043B\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433, \u0456\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u043A, \u0433\u0435\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444, \u0435\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0456\u0441\u0442, \u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C), \u0449\u043E \u043F\u043E\u043A\u043B\u0430\u0432 \u043F\u043E\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043E\u043A \u0435\u043C\u043F\u0456\u0440\u0438\u043A\u043E-\u043A\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u043D\u0430\u043F\u0440\u044F\u043C\u043A\u0443 \u041F\u0443-\u0421\u044E\u0435 (\u0432\u0447\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u043F\u0440\u043E \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0434\u043D\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044C, \u043A\u043E\u043D\u043A\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043D\u0435 \u0432\u0447\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F)."@uk . . . . . . . "Lady He"@en . "Gu Yanwu (chinesisch: \u9867\u708E\u6B66 / \u987E\u708E\u6B66) (* 15. Juli 1613 in Kunshan; \u2020 15. Februar 1682 in Quwo) hie\u00DF urspr\u00FCnglich Gu Jiang (chinesisch: \u9867\u7D73) und trat auch unter dem Namen Gu Tinglin (chinesisch: \u9867\u4EAD\u6797) auf. Er war ein chinesischer Universalgelehrter, der sich mit den Themen Philologie, Philosophie, Geografie, Landwirtschaft, Politik und Wirtschaftswissenschaften befasste. Er wird der Gruppe der Ming-Loyalisten zugerechnet. Ausgehend von seiner Kritik am Neo-Konfuzianismus regte er eine grundlegende Neuinterpretation des klassischen chinesischen Bildungskanons unter Zuhilfenahme der von ihm entwickelten Methode der Textanalyse an."@de . "\u0490\u0443\u0301 \u042F\u043D\u044C\u0443\u0301 (\u0441\u043F\u0440\u043E\u0449.: \u987E\u708E\u6B66; \u043A\u0438\u0442. \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434.: \u9867\u708E\u6B66; \u043F\u0456\u043D\u044C\u0457\u043D\u044C: G\u00F9 Y\u00E1nw\u01D4; 15 \u043B\u0438\u043F\u043D\u044F 1613 \u2014 15 \u043B\u044E\u0442\u043E\u0433\u043E 1682) \u2014 \u043A\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u0456\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444-\u043D\u0435\u043E\u043A\u043E\u043D\u0444\u0443\u0446\u0456\u0430\u043D\u0435\u0446\u044C, \u0432\u0447\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0439-\u0435\u043D\u0446\u0438\u043A\u043B\u043E\u043F\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442 (\u0444\u0456\u043B\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433, \u0456\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u043A, \u0433\u0435\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444, \u0435\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0456\u0441\u0442, \u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C), \u0449\u043E \u043F\u043E\u043A\u043B\u0430\u0432 \u043F\u043E\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043E\u043A \u0435\u043C\u043F\u0456\u0440\u0438\u043A\u043E-\u043A\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u043D\u0430\u043F\u0440\u044F\u043C\u043A\u0443 \u041F\u0443-\u0421\u044E\u0435 (\u0432\u0447\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u043F\u0440\u043E \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0434\u043D\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044C, \u043A\u043E\u043D\u043A\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043D\u0435 \u0432\u0447\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F)."@uk . "175"^^ . . . . . . . . "Gu Ningren \u9867\u5BE7\u4EBA"@en . "One of the Five Great Qing scholars"@en . . . . . . . . . "ti\u0101n xi\u00E0 x\u012Bng w\u00E1ng, p\u01D0 f\u016B y\u01D2u z\u00E9"@en . . . . "Gu Zhongqing \u9867\u5FE0\u6E05"@en . "\u9867\u7D73"@en . . . . . . . . . "Gu Yanwu"@it . . "\u9867 \u708E\u6B66\uFF08\u3053 \u3048\u3093\u3076\u3001\u4E07\u66A641\u5E745\u670828\u65E5\uFF081613\u5E747\u670815\u65E5\uFF09 - \u5EB7\u719921\u5E741\u67089\u65E5\uFF081682\u5E742\u670815\u65E5\uFF09\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u4E2D\u56FD\u660E\u4EE3\u672B\u671F\u304B\u3089\u6E05\u4EE3\u521D\u671F\uFF08\u660E\u672B\u6E05\u521D\uFF09\u306E\u5112\u5B66\u8005\u3002\u660E\u306E\u6EC5\u4EA1\u306B\u969B\u3057\u3066\u53CD\u6E05\u904B\u52D5\u306B\u53C2\u52A0\u3057\u305F\u3002\u7D4C\u5B66\u3084\u53F2\u5B66\u306E\u508D\u3089\u3001\u7D4C\u4E16\u81F4\u7528\u306E\u5B9F\u5B66\u3092\u8AAC\u3044\u305F\u3002\u6E05\u671D\u8003\u8A3C\u5B66\u306E\u7956\u306E\u4E00\u4EBA\u3002"@ja . . . . . . . "Gu Yanwu (chin\u00EAs: \u9867\u708E\u6B66) (15 de julho de 1613 - 15 de fevereiro de 1682), tamb\u00E9m conhecido como Gu Tinglin (chin\u00EAs: \u9867\u4EAD\u6797), foi um fil\u00F3logo chin\u00EAs, ge\u00F3grafo e famoso estudioso-oficial da dinastia Qing. Ele passou sua juventude durante a conquista manchu da China em atividades anti-manchu depois que a dinastia Ming foi derrubada. Ele nunca serviu a dinastia Qing. Em vez disso, viajou por todo o pa\u00EDs e se dedicou aos estudos."@pt . . . . . . . . "\uACE0\uC5FC\uBB34"@ko . . "Gu Yanwu (chin\u00EAs: \u9867\u708E\u6B66) (15 de julho de 1613 - 15 de fevereiro de 1682), tamb\u00E9m conhecido como Gu Tinglin (chin\u00EAs: \u9867\u4EAD\u6797), foi um fil\u00F3logo chin\u00EAs, ge\u00F3grafo e famoso estudioso-oficial da dinastia Qing. Ele passou sua juventude durante a conquista manchu da China em atividades anti-manchu depois que a dinastia Ming foi derrubada. Ele nunca serviu a dinastia Qing. Em vez disso, viajou por todo o pa\u00EDs e se dedicou aos estudos."@pt . "\u9867\u708E\u6B66"@ja . . . "\u987E\u7EDB"@en . . . . . "Gu Ningren \u9867\u5BE7\u4EBA"@en . "Gu Yanwu (Chinese: \u9867\u708E\u6B66) (July 15, 1613 \u2013 February 15, 1682), also known as Gu Tinglin (Chinese: \u9867\u4EAD\u6797), was a Chinese philologist, geographer, and famous scholar-official in Qing dynasty. He spent his youth during the Manchu conquest of China in anti-Manchu activities after the Ming dynasty had been overthrown. He never served the Qing dynasty. Instead, he traveled throughout the country and devoted himself to studies."@en . "Gu Yanwu (Chinese: \u9867\u708E\u6B66) (July 15, 1613 \u2013 February 15, 1682), also known as Gu Tinglin (Chinese: \u9867\u4EAD\u6797), was a Chinese philologist, geographer, and famous scholar-official in Qing dynasty. He spent his youth during the Manchu conquest of China in anti-Manchu activities after the Ming dynasty had been overthrown. He never served the Qing dynasty. Instead, he traveled throughout the country and devoted himself to studies."@en . . . "Gu Yanwu"@de . "Gu Jiang \u9867\u7EDB"@en . . "Gu Yanwu (G\u00F9 Y\u00E1nw\u01D4 ; \u9867\u708E\u6B66 ; \u987E\u708E\u6B66) (1613-1682) est un intellectuel chinois des d\u00E9buts de la p\u00E9riode de dynastie Qing, qui s'est illustr\u00E9 dans divers domaines (philosophie, philologie, g\u00E9ographie, histoire)."@fr . . "1682-02-15"^^ . . . "Gu Yanwu, nato Jiang (\u7D73) e conosciuto anche con il nome di Gu Tinglin \u9867\u4EAD\u6797 (caratteri cinesi: \u9867\u708E\u6B66; pinyin: G\u00F9 Y\u00E1nw\u01D4; Jiangsu, 1613 \u2013 1682), \u00E8 stato uno scrittore e filologo cinese vissuto a cavallo tra la dinastia Ming e la dinastia Qing."@it . . . . . "\u987E\u708E\u6B66\uFF081613\u5E747\u670815\u65E5\uFF0D1682\u5E742\u670815\u65E5\uFF09\uFF0C\u539F\u540D\u7EDB\uFF0C\u5B57\u5FE0\u6E05\u3002\u660E\u4EA1\u540E\uFF0C\u6539\u540D\u708E\u6B66\uFF0C\u5B57\u5B81\u4EBA\uFF0C\u4EA6\u66FE\u5316\u540D\u848B\u5C71\u50AD\u3002\u5B66\u8005\u5C0A\u4E3A\u4EAD\u6797\u5148\u751F\uFF0C\u76F4\u96B8\u6606\u5C71\u53BF\uFF08\u4ECA\u6C5F\u82CF\u82CF\u5DDE\u6606\u5C71\uFF09\u4EBA\uFF0C\u660E\u672B\u6E05\u521D\u601D\u60F3\u5BB6\u3001\u5B66\u8005\u3002\u8207\u9EC3\u5B97\u7FB2\u3001\u738B\u592B\u4E4B\u4E26\u7A31\u201C\u660E\u672B\u4E09\u5927\u5112\u201D\u3001\u201C\u660E\u672B\u4E09\u5148\u751F\u201D\u6216\u201C\u660E\u672B\u4E09\u5927\u601D\u60F3\u5BB6\u201D\u3002"@zh . . . . "\u9867 \u708E\u6B66\uFF08\u3053 \u3048\u3093\u3076\u3001\u4E07\u66A641\u5E745\u670828\u65E5\uFF081613\u5E747\u670815\u65E5\uFF09 - \u5EB7\u719921\u5E741\u67089\u65E5\uFF081682\u5E742\u670815\u65E5\uFF09\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u4E2D\u56FD\u660E\u4EE3\u672B\u671F\u304B\u3089\u6E05\u4EE3\u521D\u671F\uFF08\u660E\u672B\u6E05\u521D\uFF09\u306E\u5112\u5B66\u8005\u3002\u660E\u306E\u6EC5\u4EA1\u306B\u969B\u3057\u3066\u53CD\u6E05\u904B\u52D5\u306B\u53C2\u52A0\u3057\u305F\u3002\u7D4C\u5B66\u3084\u53F2\u5B66\u306E\u508D\u3089\u3001\u7D4C\u4E16\u81F4\u7528\u306E\u5B9F\u5B66\u3092\u8AAC\u3044\u305F\u3002\u6E05\u671D\u8003\u8A3C\u5B66\u306E\u7956\u306E\u4E00\u4EBA\u3002"@ja . . "\u987E\u708E\u6B66\uFF081613\u5E747\u670815\u65E5\uFF0D1682\u5E742\u670815\u65E5\uFF09\uFF0C\u539F\u540D\u7EDB\uFF0C\u5B57\u5FE0\u6E05\u3002\u660E\u4EA1\u540E\uFF0C\u6539\u540D\u708E\u6B66\uFF0C\u5B57\u5B81\u4EBA\uFF0C\u4EA6\u66FE\u5316\u540D\u848B\u5C71\u50AD\u3002\u5B66\u8005\u5C0A\u4E3A\u4EAD\u6797\u5148\u751F\uFF0C\u76F4\u96B8\u6606\u5C71\u53BF\uFF08\u4ECA\u6C5F\u82CF\u82CF\u5DDE\u6606\u5C71\uFF09\u4EBA\uFF0C\u660E\u672B\u6E05\u521D\u601D\u60F3\u5BB6\u3001\u5B66\u8005\u3002\u8207\u9EC3\u5B97\u7FB2\u3001\u738B\u592B\u4E4B\u4E26\u7A31\u201C\u660E\u672B\u4E09\u5927\u5112\u201D\u3001\u201C\u660E\u672B\u4E09\u5148\u751F\u201D\u6216\u201C\u660E\u672B\u4E09\u5927\u601D\u60F3\u5BB6\u201D\u3002"@zh . "Nephew: Xu Qianxue, Xu Bingyi, Xu Yuanwen"@en . . . . . . "Gu Yanwu (Hanzi: \u9867\u708E\u6B66) (15 Juli 1613 \u2013 15 Februari 1682), juga dikenal sebagai Gu Tinglin (Hanzi: \u9867\u4EAD\u6797), merupakan seorang ahli filologi dan geografi Tiongkok. Ia menghabiskan masa mudanya selama penaklukan Ming oleh Qing dalam kegiatan-kegiatan setelah Dinasti Ming digulingkan. Ia tidak pernah melayani Dinasti Qing. Sebaliknya, ia melakukan perjalanan ke seluruh negeri dan mengabdikan dirinya untuk belajar."@in . .