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"9291"^^ . 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"Ep\u00EDsquiro (do grego antigo \u1F18\u03C0\u03AF\u03C3\u03BA\u03C5\u03C1\u03BF\u03C2, Ep\u00EDskyros; ou \u1F18\u03C0\u03AF\u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03BF\u03C2, Ep\u00EDkoinos, 'bola comum') era um jogo com bola da Antiga Gr\u00E9cia. O jogo, que fomentava o trabalho de equipa, era feito por duas equipas, normalmente de entre 12 e 14 jogadores cada, com uma bola, e segundo as regras era permitido o uso das m\u00E3os. Apesar de que ser um jogo de bola, era violento, pelo menos em Esparta. As equipas tentavam lan\u00E7ar a bola por cima da cabe\u00E7a dos jogadores da outra equipa. Havia uma linha branca entre as equipas chamada skuros e outra linha branca atr\u00E1s de cada equipa. As equipas iam passando a bola entre si at\u00E9 que um jogador chegava \u00E0 linha marcada. Em Esparta era jogada uma vers\u00E3o deste jogo durante um festival anual da cidade que inclu\u00EDa cinco equipas de 14 jogadores. A princ\u00EDpio jogavam apenas homens, mas tamb\u00E9m foi praticado por mulheres. A palavra grega ep\u00EDsquiro \u2014 ou o jogo similar chamado \u03C6\u03B1\u03B9\u03BD\u03AF\u03BD\u03B4\u03B1 - faininda, provavelmente significava \u00ABjogo enganoso\u00BB, provinha do verbo \u03C6\u03B5\u03BD\u03B1\u03BA\u03AF\u03B6\u03C9 - fenakizo, \u00AB(I) enganar, mentir\u00BB,) mais tarde foi adotada pelos romanos, que o renomearam e transformam no harpasto, a latiniza\u00E7\u00E3o do grego \u1F01\u03C1\u03C0\u03B1\u03C3\u03C4\u03CC\u03BD (harpaston), neutro de \u1F01\u03C1\u03C0\u03B1\u03C3\u03C4\u03CC\u03C2 (harpastos), \u00ABlevar\u00BB, do verbo \u1F01\u03C1\u03C0\u03AC\u03B6\u03C9 (harpazo), \u00AB(I) apoderar-se, arrebatar\u00BB. Uma representa\u00E7\u00E3o em baixo-relevo no jarro exposto no Museu Arqueol\u00F3gico Nacional de Atenas mostra um atleta grego mantendo o equil\u00EDbrio da bola na coxa. Esta imagem \u00E9 reproduzida no trof\u00E9u da Ta\u00E7a Europeia de futebol. H\u00E1 outros desportos antigos gregos que se jogavam com uma bola al\u00E9m do feninda (phaininda), como por exemplo: \u1F00\u03C0\u03CC\u1FE4\u1FE5\u03B1\u03BE\u03B9\u03C2 (aporrhaxis) (\u00ABjogo de bola de ressalto\u00BB), \u03BF\u1F50\u03C1\u03B1\u03BD\u03AF\u03B1 (ourania), \u00ABlan\u00E7ar bolas altas\u00BB ] e talvez o \u03C3\u03C6\u03B1\u03B9\u03C1\u03BF\u03BC\u03B1\u03C7\u03AF\u03B1 (sphairomachia), literalmente \u00ABbatalha da bola\u00BB, de \u03C3\u03C6\u03B1\u1FD6\u03C1\u03B1 (sphaira' ) \u00ABbola, esfera\u00BB e \u03BC\u03AC\u03C7\u03B7 (makhe), \u00ABbatalha\u00BB, embora se argumente que o \u03C3\u03C6\u03B1\u03B9\u03C1\u03BF\u03BC\u03B1\u03C7\u03AF\u03B1, era de facto uma competi\u00E7\u00E3o de pugilismo \u2014 as esferas eram na realidade um tipo de luvas.\u2014 J\u00FAlio P\u00F3lux inclui o feninda e o harpasto na lista de jogos de bola: O Feninda toma o nome de F\u00EAnides, que foi o seu inventor, ou de phenakizein (enganar), porque a bola \u00E9 mostrada a um homem e passada a outro, contrariamente ao esperado. \u00C9 poss\u00EDvel que este seja o mesmo jogo que o da bola pequena, que tem o nome de harpazein (arrebatar) e talvez se possa chamar o jogo com a bola macia com o mesmo nome.\u2014 J\u00FAlio P\u00F3lux, Onom\u00E1stico"@pt . . "Ep\u00EDsquiro (do grego antigo \u1F18\u03C0\u03AF\u03C3\u03BA\u03C5\u03C1\u03BF\u03C2, Ep\u00EDskyros; ou \u1F18\u03C0\u03AF\u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03BF\u03C2, Ep\u00EDkoinos, 'bola comum') era um jogo com bola da Antiga Gr\u00E9cia. O jogo, que fomentava o trabalho de equipa, era feito por duas equipas, normalmente de entre 12 e 14 jogadores cada, com uma bola, e segundo as regras era permitido o uso das m\u00E3os. Apesar de que ser um jogo de bola, era violento, pelo menos em Esparta. As equipas tentavam lan\u00E7ar a bola por cima da cabe\u00E7a dos jogadores da outra equipa. Havia uma linha branca entre as equipas chamada skuros e outra linha branca atr\u00E1s de cada equipa. As equipas iam passando a bola entre si at\u00E9 que um jogador chegava \u00E0 linha marcada. Em Esparta era jogada uma vers\u00E3o deste jogo durante um festival anual da cidade que inclu\u00EDa cinco equipas de 14 jogadores. A princ\u00EDpio jogavam apenas home"@pt . "Ep\u00EDsquiro"@pt . . "L'episkyros (\u1F10\u03C0\u03AF\u03C3\u03BA\u03C5\u03C1\u03BF\u03C2 ou \u1F10\u03C0\u03AF\u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03BF\u03C2) est un jeu de ballon de la Gr\u00E8ce antique."@fr . . . "Episkyros (in greco antico: \u1F10\u03C0\u03AF\u03C3\u03BA\u03C5\u03C1\u03BF\u03C2 anche chiamato \u1F10\u03C0\u03AF\u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03BF\u03C2 epikoinos) era un gioco con la palla praticato nell'antica Grecia. Fortemente orientato sul lavoro di squadra, il gioco veniva praticato tra due squadre (che solitamente contavano da 12 a 14 giocatori ciascuna), calciando una palla, era per\u00F2 permesso utilizzare anche le mani. Nonostante si trattasse di un gioco con la palla, le partite potevano essere piuttosto violente, soprattutto a Sparta. Le squadre dovevano tentare di lanciare la palla sopra la testa degli avversari. C'era una linea bianca denominata skuros tra i due team, ed un'altra dietro ognuna delle due squadre. Le squadre si lanciavano la palla finch\u00E9 una di esse era costretta a retrocedere dietro la linea bianca alle loro spalle. A Sparta un tipo di episkyros veniva giocata durante una festa annuale, da cinque squadre di 14 giocatori ognuna. Principalmente era giocato dagli uomini ma anche le donne a volte lo giocavano. Il gioco dell'episkyros (o uno simile, chiamato phaininda (\u03C6\u03B1\u03B9\u03BD\u03AF\u03BD\u03B4\u03B1), che significa probabilmente \"gioco dell'inganno\", dal verbo phenakizo (\u03C6\u03B5\u03BD\u03B1\u03BA\u03AF\u03B6\u03C9), \"imbrogliare, mentire\" venne in seguito adottato dai Romani, che lo trasformarono in harpastum, la latinizzazione del greco \u1F01\u03C1\u03C0\u03B1\u03C3\u03C4\u03CC\u03BD (harpaston), forma neutra di \u1F01\u03C1\u03C0\u03B1\u03C3\u03C4\u03CC\u03C2 (harpastos), \"portare via\", dal verbo \u1F01\u03C1\u03C0\u03AC\u03B6\u03C9 (harpazo), \"cogliere, strappare\". Una rappresentazione a bassorilievo su di un vaso del Museo archeologico nazionale di Atene, mostra un atleta che sembra tenere in equilibrio una palla sulla coscia. Quest'immagine \u00E8 stata riprodotta sul trofeo della Coppa Europea di calcio. Altri antichi sport greci con la palla oltre la phaininda, erano: \u1F00\u03C0\u03CC\u1FE4\u1FE5\u03B1\u03BE\u03B9\u03C2 (aporrhaxis) (gioco del far rimbalzare la palla), \u03BF\u1F50\u03C1\u03B1\u03BD\u03AF\u03B1 (ourania), \"lanciare la palla in aria, all'aperto\" e, probabilmente la \u03C3\u03C6\u03B1\u03B9\u03C1\u03BF\u03BC\u03B1\u03C7\u03AF\u03B1 (sphairomachia), letteralmente \"battaglia con la palla\", da \u03C3\u03C6\u03B1\u1FD6\u03C1\u03B1 (sphaira) \"palla, sfera\" e \u03BC\u03AC\u03C7\u03B7 (mache), \"battaglia\". anche se alcuni sostengano che la \u03C3\u03C6\u03B1\u03B9\u03C1\u03BF\u03BC\u03B1\u03C7\u03AF\u03B1 fosse di fatto una gara di pugilato (le \"sfere\" sarebbero in realt\u00E0 un tipo di guanti). Giulio Polluce, in una lista di giochi con la palla include anche la phaininda e l'harpastum: \u00ABPhaininda prende il nome da Phaenides, che lo invent\u00F2, o da phenakizein (ingannare), perch\u00E9 fingono di lanciare la palla ad un uomo e poi la gettano ad un altro. \u00C8 probabile che questo sia lo stesso gioco con una palla pi\u00F9 piccola, che prende il nome di harpazein (strappare) e forse potrebbe essere lo stesso che si giocava con una palla morbida, e che aveva lo stesso nome.\u00BB"@it . . . . . . . "150"^^ . "L'episkyros (\u1F10\u03C0\u03AF\u03C3\u03BA\u03C5\u03C1\u03BF\u03C2 ou \u1F10\u03C0\u03AF\u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03BF\u03C2) est un jeu de ballon de la Gr\u00E8ce antique."@fr . . "Episkyros fue un juego de pelota de la Antigua Grecia,\u200B\u200B y es reconocido por la FIFA como una de las primeras formas de f\u00FAtbol.\u200B El hallazgo arqueol\u00F3gico, que es una representaci\u00F3n en relieve que muestra un atleta griego manteniendo el equilibrio con el bal\u00F3n en el muslo,\u200B es tambi\u00E9n la imagen que se reproduce en el grabado del trofeo de la Copa Europea de F\u00FAtbol.\u200B Esta pieza se encuentra en el Museo Arqueol\u00F3gico Nacional de Atenas. La palabra griega episkyros significa \u00ABdefensor\u00BB.\u200B"@es . . . "Ep\u00EDskiros"@ca . . "Episkyros"@es . . . . . . . "Episkyros"@en . "Episkyros (in greco antico: \u1F10\u03C0\u03AF\u03C3\u03BA\u03C5\u03C1\u03BF\u03C2 anche chiamato \u1F10\u03C0\u03AF\u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03BF\u03C2 epikoinos) era un gioco con la palla praticato nell'antica Grecia. Fortemente orientato sul lavoro di squadra, il gioco veniva praticato tra due squadre (che solitamente contavano da 12 a 14 giocatori ciascuna), calciando una palla, era per\u00F2 permesso utilizzare anche le mani. Nonostante si trattasse di un gioco con la palla, le partite potevano essere piuttosto violente, soprattutto a Sparta. Le squadre dovevano tentare di lanciare la palla sopra la testa degli avversari. C'era una linea bianca denominata skuros tra i due team, ed un'altra dietro ognuna delle due squadre. Le squadre si lanciavano la palla finch\u00E9 una di esse era costretta a retrocedere dietro la linea bianca alle loro spalle."@it . "Ep\u00EDskiros (grec antic: \u1F18\u03C0\u03AF\u03C3\u03BA\u03C5\u03C1\u03BF\u03C2) va ser un joc de pilota de la Gr\u00E8cia Antiga. El joc, que fomentava el treball en equip, requeria dos equips normalement d'entre 12 i 14 jugadors cadascun, amb una pilota, i segons les regles es permetia l'\u00FAs de les mans. Tot i que era un joc de pilota, era violent, almenys a Esparta. Els equips intentaven llan\u00E7ar la pilota per sobre del cap dels jugadors l'altre equip. Hi havia una l\u00EDnia blanca entre els equips anomenada skuros i una altra l\u00EDnia blanca darrere de cada equip. Els equips s'anaven passant la pilota fins que un membre de l'equip arribava a la l\u00EDnia marcada. A Esparta es va jugar una versi\u00F3 d'aquest joc durant un festival anual de la ciutat que va incloure cinc equips de 14 jugadors. Al principi jugaven nom\u00E9s homes, per\u00F2 tamb\u00E9 el van practicar dones. La paraula grega ep\u00EDskiros (o un joc similar anomenat \u03C6\u03B1\u03B9\u03BD\u03AF\u03BD\u03B4\u03B1 - faininda, probablement significava 'joc engany\u00F3s', provenia del verb \u03C6\u03B5\u03BD\u03B1\u03BA\u03AF\u03B6\u03C9 - fenakizo, \"(I) enganyar, mentir\") m\u00E9s tard va ser adoptada pels romans, que el van reanomenar i transofrmar en l'harpastum, la llatinitzaci\u00F3 del grec \u1F01\u03C1\u03C0\u03B1\u03C3\u03C4\u03CC\u03BD (harpaston), neutre de \u1F01\u03C1\u03C0\u03B1\u03C3\u03C4\u03CC\u03C2 (harpastos), \"portar\", del verb \u1F01\u03C1\u03C0\u03AC\u03B6\u03C9 (harpa\u00E7o), \"(I) apoderar-se, arrabassar\". Una representaci\u00F3 en bix relleu del ventre del gerro que es mostra al Museu Arqueol\u00F2gic Nacional d'Atenes mostra un atleta grec mantenint l'equilibri amb la pilota a la cuixa. Aquesta imatge es reprodueix en el trofeu de la Copa Europea de futbol. Hi ha altres esports antics grecs que es jugaven amb una pilota a m\u00E9s del phaininda, foren: \u1F00\u03C0\u03CC\u1FE4\u1FE5\u03B1\u03BE\u03B9\u03C2 (aporrhaxis) (joc de pilota de rebots), \u03BF\u1F50\u03C1\u03B1\u03BD\u03AF\u03B1 (ourania), \"llan\u00E7ar pilotes altes\" i potser el \u03C3\u03C6\u03B1\u03B9\u03C1\u03BF\u03BC\u03B1\u03C7\u03AF\u03B1 (sphairomachia), literalment \"batalla de la pilota\", de \u03C3\u03C6\u03B1\u1FD6\u03C1\u03B1 (sphaira) 'pilota', 'esfera' i \u03BC\u03AC\u03C7\u03B7 (mache), \"batalla\"., tot i que s'ha argumentat que el \u03C3\u03C6\u03B1\u03B9\u03C1\u03BF\u03BC\u03B1\u03C7\u03AF\u03B1 \u00E9s de fet una competici\u00F3 de boxa (les esferes eren en realitat un tipus de guants). Juli P\u00F2l\u00B7lux inclou la phaininda i l'harpastum a la llista de jocs de pilota:"@ca . . . "Ep\u00EDskiros (grec antic: \u1F18\u03C0\u03AF\u03C3\u03BA\u03C5\u03C1\u03BF\u03C2) va ser un joc de pilota de la Gr\u00E8cia Antiga. El joc, que fomentava el treball en equip, requeria dos equips normalement d'entre 12 i 14 jugadors cadascun, amb una pilota, i segons les regles es permetia l'\u00FAs de les mans. Tot i que era un joc de pilota, era violent, almenys a Esparta. Els equips intentaven llan\u00E7ar la pilota per sobre del cap dels jugadors l'altre equip. Hi havia una l\u00EDnia blanca entre els equips anomenada skuros i una altra l\u00EDnia blanca darrere de cada equip. Els equips s'anaven passant la pilota fins que un membre de l'equip arribava a la l\u00EDnia marcada. A Esparta es va jugar una versi\u00F3 d'aquest joc durant un festival anual de la ciutat que va incloure cinc equips de 14 jugadors. Al principi jugaven nom\u00E9s homes, per\u00F2 tamb\u00E9 el van practicar "@ca . . "Episkyros or Episcyrus (Ancient Greek: \u1F18\u03C0\u03AF\u03C3\u03BA\u03C5\u03C1\u03BF\u03C2, Ep\u00EDskyros; also \u1F18\u03C0\u03AF\u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03BF\u03C2, Ep\u00EDkoinos, literally 'upon the public') was an Ancient Greek ball game. The game was typically played between two teams of 12 to 14 players each, with one ball, being highly teamwork-oriented. The rules of the game allowed full contact and usage of the hands. While it was typically men that played, women also occasionally participated. Although it was a ball game, it was violent (at least in Sparta). The game is comparable to Rugby or American Football. The two teams would attempt to throw the ball over the heads of the other team. There was a white line called the sk\u0177ros (\u03C3\u03BA\u1FE6\u03C1\u03BF\u03C2) between the teams, and another white line behind each team. The teams would change possession the ball often until one of the team was forced behind the line behind them. In Sparta, a form of Episkyros was played during an annual city festival that included five teams of 14 players. The Greek game of Episkyros, or a similar game called Phain\u00EDnda (\u03A6\u03B1\u03B9\u03BD\u03AF\u03BD\u03B4\u03B1)was later adopted by the Romans, who renamed and transformed it into Harpastum.\"Harpastum\" is the latinisation of the Ancient Greek: \u1F09\u03C1\u03C0\u03B1\u03C3\u03C4\u03CC\u03BD, Harpast\u00F3n, meaning \"snatched away\"from the verb harp\u00E1z\u014D (\u1F01\u03C1\u03C0\u03AC\u03B6\u03C9), meaning \"I seize\" or \"I filch.\" A depiction in low relief on the belly of a vase displayed at the National Archaeological Museum, Athens shows a Greek athlete balancing a ball on his thigh. This image is reproduced on the European Cup football trophy.Other ancient Greek sports with a ball besides Phaininda were: \u1F00\u03C0\u03CC\u1FE4\u1FE5\u03B1\u03BE\u03B9\u03C2 (ap\u00F3rrhaxis, dribbling), \u03BF\u1F50\u03C1\u03B1\u03BD\u03AF\u03B1 (\u016Bran\u00EDa, \"sky ball\")and maybe \u03C3\u03C6\u03B1\u03B9\u03C1\u03BF\u03BC\u03B1\u03C7\u03AF\u03B1 (sphairomakh\u00EDa, lit.\u2009''ball-fight'')from\u03C3\u03C6\u03B1\u1FD6\u03C1\u03B1 (spha\u00EEra \"ball\", \"sphere\")and\u03BC\u03AC\u03C7\u03B7 (m\u00E1kh\u0113, \"battle\"),though it has been argued that the Sphairomakhia in this context is rather a boxing competition, and the \"spheres\" are a form of boxing gloves. Julius Pollux includes phaininda and harpastum in a list of ball games: Phaininda takes its name from Phaenides, who first invented it, or from phenakizein (to deceive), because they show the ball to one man and then throw to another, contrary to expectation. It is likely that this is the same as the game with the small ball, which takes its name from harpazein (to snatch) and perhaps one would call the game with the soft ball by the same name."@en . . . "1124885603"^^ . "Episkyros or Episcyrus (Ancient Greek: \u1F18\u03C0\u03AF\u03C3\u03BA\u03C5\u03C1\u03BF\u03C2, Ep\u00EDskyros; also \u1F18\u03C0\u03AF\u03BA\u03BF\u03B9\u03BD\u03BF\u03C2, Ep\u00EDkoinos, literally 'upon the public') was an Ancient Greek ball game. The game was typically played between two teams of 12 to 14 players each, with one ball, being highly teamwork-oriented. The rules of the game allowed full contact and usage of the hands. While it was typically men that played, women also occasionally participated."@en . "Apulia Lekythos in Gnathia style.jpg"@en . . . . . "24471283"^^ . . . . . . "Episkyros"@it . . . "horizontal"@en . . . "Episkyros fue un juego de pelota de la Antigua Grecia,\u200B\u200B y es reconocido por la FIFA como una de las primeras formas de f\u00FAtbol.\u200B El hallazgo arqueol\u00F3gico, que es una representaci\u00F3n en relieve que muestra un atleta griego manteniendo el equilibrio con el bal\u00F3n en el muslo,\u200B es tambi\u00E9n la imagen que se reproduce en el grabado del trofeo de la Copa Europea de F\u00FAtbol.\u200B Esta pieza se encuentra en el Museo Arqueol\u00F3gico Nacional de Atenas. La palabra griega episkyros significa \u00ABdefensor\u00BB.\u200B"@es . "Ancient Greek Football Player.jpg"@en . "Ancient Greek youth practicing with a ball depicted in low relief. Now displayed at the National Archaeological Museum, Athens. A bottle in gnathia style depicting a figure - Eros - playing with a ball, third quarter of the"@en . . . . . . . "Episkyros"@fr . . .