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Statements

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Direct trade 직거래 무역
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직결 무역이란 커피 콩이나 코코아 콩 등을 판매하는 농부들과 중개인들과 직접적인 관계를 쌓은 특정한 커피 가공업자와 초콜릿 가공업자들에 의한 위탁 형식을 뜻한다. 직결 무역의 표준이나,업자들의 윤리적 우선권과 업무에 대한 반사적인 특정한 무역 관례는 없다. 하지만,일반적으로 말해 직결 무역 창안자들은 이것이 하나의 상호 이익적이고 투명한 무역관계로 본다.옹호자들은 직결 무역을 ''의 대안으로 정의한다. 까닭을 이미 알려진 '공정 무역'의 한계에서 찾으면 다음과 같다. * 농부들에게 공정무역보다 더 높은 이윤 제공. * 고가를 정당화시킬 수 있는 지속 가능한 경제적 이유를 제공하는 품질 표준 구체화를 통한 고정 이윤 보장. * 규모나 조합 가입 여부와 관련없이 농부, 유통업자의 참여 가능. * 공정무역 인증에 관련된 요금, 수수료, 부가 비용에서 자유로움. * 사적 관계, 가격 협상, 정보 공유를 통한 추가적인 공급로에 대한 신뢰와 투명성 발생. Direct trade is a form of sourcing practiced by certain coffee roasters, chocolate makers, tea sellers, gemologists and more who build direct relationships with the farmers, artisanal miners and processors who sell their products. There is no single set of direct trade standards, and specific trade practices vary as a reflection of business and ethical priorities of the roaster or maker. Generally speaking, however, direct trade practitioners view their model as one of mutually-beneficial and transparent trade relationships. Some advocates explicitly define direct trade as an alternative to fairtrade certification, and they seek to address the perceived limitations of fair trade by:
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직결 무역이란 커피 콩이나 코코아 콩 등을 판매하는 농부들과 중개인들과 직접적인 관계를 쌓은 특정한 커피 가공업자와 초콜릿 가공업자들에 의한 위탁 형식을 뜻한다. 직결 무역의 표준이나,업자들의 윤리적 우선권과 업무에 대한 반사적인 특정한 무역 관례는 없다. 하지만,일반적으로 말해 직결 무역 창안자들은 이것이 하나의 상호 이익적이고 투명한 무역관계로 본다.옹호자들은 직결 무역을 ''의 대안으로 정의한다. 까닭을 이미 알려진 '공정 무역'의 한계에서 찾으면 다음과 같다. * 농부들에게 공정무역보다 더 높은 이윤 제공. * 고가를 정당화시킬 수 있는 지속 가능한 경제적 이유를 제공하는 품질 표준 구체화를 통한 고정 이윤 보장. * 규모나 조합 가입 여부와 관련없이 농부, 유통업자의 참여 가능. * 공정무역 인증에 관련된 요금, 수수료, 부가 비용에서 자유로움. * 사적 관계, 가격 협상, 정보 공유를 통한 추가적인 공급로에 대한 신뢰와 투명성 발생. 직결 무역을 한다고 자신들 스스로 정의하는 초콜릿,커피 생산자들 사이에서 이러한 관행이 흔하지만 직결 무역의 정의나 통용되는 표준은 없다. 제 3 세계의 책임 결여는 직결 무역을 '명실상부한 정의, 계획에 대한 증거, 자체 생산으로 인한 일말의 투명성 감소에 대한 설명 없이 소비자들에게 전문용어를 퍼붓는 자들의 대형 마켓팅의 산물'로 인식한 전 지지자들을 포함한 비판자들에게 잦은 비판의 대상이 된다. Direct trade is a form of sourcing practiced by certain coffee roasters, chocolate makers, tea sellers, gemologists and more who build direct relationships with the farmers, artisanal miners and processors who sell their products. There is no single set of direct trade standards, and specific trade practices vary as a reflection of business and ethical priorities of the roaster or maker. Generally speaking, however, direct trade practitioners view their model as one of mutually-beneficial and transparent trade relationships. Some advocates explicitly define direct trade as an alternative to fairtrade certification, and they seek to address the perceived limitations of fair trade by: * Paying higher premiums directly to farmers and artisanal miners than those mandated by fair trade; * Tying these premiums to specific quality standards that create a sustainable economic rationale for higher prices; * Allowing participation by individual farmers, miners and processors, regardless of size or membership in a cooperative; * Providing Micro Loans and other financial support for equipment, tools and education; * Eliminating the fees involved in being a certified fair trade company (e.g. fees, dues, and surcharges); * Generating additional supply chain trust, safety and transparency through personal relationships, price negotiation, training and information sharing. Fair Trade practices – such as those certified by Fairtrade International – are designed to promote ethical trading standards to the benefit of the poorest of producers in developing countries, providing opportunities for assistance with infrastructural growth, access to credit and micro financing to the farmers and miners, and ensure ethical labor regulations for certified farms and mines. Many studies have found, for example, that Fair Trade has brought stabilization to the world coffee market, as well as improved many coffee producing farms world wide. However, the efficacy of Fair Trade practices have become under a wide range of criticism ranging from less than advertised, to beneficial to large plantations but detrimental to the smallest of farms, unethical disbursement of profits, and even claims of a corrupt tool for marketing and profit causing death and destruction to producers. A study from 2011 demonstrated that Fair Trade strategies have a greater impact on the overall infrastructure development of growing coffee farms, and direct trades models show to have a greater impact on increased wages, and an overall improved quality of life, reported by the farmers included in the study. While such practices are common among self-identified direct trade coffee roasters and chocolate makers, there is no single definition of direct trade nor set of common standards. A lack of third-party accountability is a frequent criticism leveled by direct trade critics, which include former proponents frustrated by what they perceive as a trend of large, marketing-savvy roasters "who bombard consumers with the term despite not offering any clear definition of its meaning, any evidence of an actual direct trade scheme or the slightest shred of transparency regarding sourcing."
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