William Robin Thompson (June 29, 1887 – January 30, 1972) was a Canadian entomologist and also wrote on the philosophy of science in his book Science and Common Sense: An Aristotelian Excursion (1937). He specialized in the biological control of agricultural and forest insects and served as the head of a laboratory of the Imperial Institute of Entomology which changed its name from the Imperial Parasite Service to Imperial Bureau of Biological Control and later the Commonwealth Institute of Biological Control.