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Trierarch (Greek: τριήραρχος, romanized: triērarchos) was the title of officers who commanded a trireme (triēres) in the classical Greek world. In Classical Athens, the title was associated with the trierarchy (τριηραρχία, triērarchia), one of the public offices or liturgies, which were filled by wealthy citizens for a year. As the name implies, the trierarch was responsible for the outfitting and crewing of a trireme, and for commanding it in battle. Trierarchs thus had to be men of considerable means, since the expenses incurred could run as high as a talent in the course of a year. As the cost of the office was great, co-trierarchs (syntriērarchoi) were also appointed. By the 4th century BC, trierarchies in Athens were assumed by navy boards (symmoriai), as the financial burden of the j

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  • Τριήραρχος (el)
  • Trierarca (es)
  • Trierarca (pt)
  • Trierarch (en)
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  • Τριήραρχος ήταν ο τίτλος του αξιωματικού που διοικούσε μια τριήρη στον κλασικό ελληνικό κόσμο. Στην Αρχαία Αθήνα, ο τίτλος συσχετίστηκε με την τριηραρχία, μία από τις δημόσιες θέσεις ή λειτουργίες, που γέμισαν από πλούσιους πολίτες για ένα χρόνο. Όπως υποδηλώνει το όνομα, ο τριήραρχος ήταν υπεύθυνος για το εξοπλισμό και το πλήρωμα μιας τριήρης και για τη διοίκηση της στη μάχη. Επομένως, ο τριήραρχος έπρεπε να είναι άντρας με σημαντικά μέσα, καθώς οι δαπάνες που πραγματοποιούνταν θα μπορούσαν να φθάσουν το ένα αττικό τάλαντο σε ένα χρόνο. Καθώς το κόστος της θέσης ήταν μεγάλο, διορίζονταν επίσης συν-τριήραρχοι. Μέχρι τον 4ο αιώνα π.Χ., οι τριήραρχοι στην Αθήνα αναλήφθηκαν από ναυτικά συμβούλια, καθώς η οικονομική επιβάρυνση της θέσης είχε γίνει πολύ μεγάλη. (el)
  • Trierarca o trierarco (griego antiguo τριήραρχος/triērarchos, compuesto bitemático de triếrês, «trirreme» y árchein, «mandar») originalmente era el título de los oficiales que capitaneaban un trirreme en el mundo clásico griego.​ En Atenas y en algunas otras ciudades-estado se requería que este oficial pagase con sus propios fondos el equipamiento y el mantenimiento de la nave.​ (es)
  • Trierarch (Greek: τριήραρχος, romanized: triērarchos) was the title of officers who commanded a trireme (triēres) in the classical Greek world. In Classical Athens, the title was associated with the trierarchy (τριηραρχία, triērarchia), one of the public offices or liturgies, which were filled by wealthy citizens for a year. As the name implies, the trierarch was responsible for the outfitting and crewing of a trireme, and for commanding it in battle. Trierarchs thus had to be men of considerable means, since the expenses incurred could run as high as a talent in the course of a year. As the cost of the office was great, co-trierarchs (syntriērarchoi) were also appointed. By the 4th century BC, trierarchies in Athens were assumed by navy boards (symmoriai), as the financial burden of the j (en)
  • Trierarca (em grego clássico: τριήραρχος; romaniz.: triērarchos) era o título dos oficiais que comandavam uma trirreme (triēres) na Grécia Clássica. Em algumas cidades, como Atenas, o trierarca era um cidadão que era obrigado a pagar a manutenção e armamento do navio, o que implicava ser pessoas de largas posses, pois as despesas podiam ascender a um talento por ano. No final do século IV a.C., devido aos elevados custos, era comum em Atenas um navio ter, não um, mas vários trierarcas, que partilhavam entre si as despesas do navio. (pt)
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  • Τριήραρχος ήταν ο τίτλος του αξιωματικού που διοικούσε μια τριήρη στον κλασικό ελληνικό κόσμο. Στην Αρχαία Αθήνα, ο τίτλος συσχετίστηκε με την τριηραρχία, μία από τις δημόσιες θέσεις ή λειτουργίες, που γέμισαν από πλούσιους πολίτες για ένα χρόνο. Όπως υποδηλώνει το όνομα, ο τριήραρχος ήταν υπεύθυνος για το εξοπλισμό και το πλήρωμα μιας τριήρης και για τη διοίκηση της στη μάχη. Επομένως, ο τριήραρχος έπρεπε να είναι άντρας με σημαντικά μέσα, καθώς οι δαπάνες που πραγματοποιούνταν θα μπορούσαν να φθάσουν το ένα αττικό τάλαντο σε ένα χρόνο. Καθώς το κόστος της θέσης ήταν μεγάλο, διορίζονταν επίσης συν-τριήραρχοι. Μέχρι τον 4ο αιώνα π.Χ., οι τριήραρχοι στην Αθήνα αναλήφθηκαν από ναυτικά συμβούλια, καθώς η οικονομική επιβάρυνση της θέσης είχε γίνει πολύ μεγάλη. (el)
  • Trierarca o trierarco (griego antiguo τριήραρχος/triērarchos, compuesto bitemático de triếrês, «trirreme» y árchein, «mandar») originalmente era el título de los oficiales que capitaneaban un trirreme en el mundo clásico griego.​ En Atenas y en algunas otras ciudades-estado se requería que este oficial pagase con sus propios fondos el equipamiento y el mantenimiento de la nave.​ Desde la institucionalización de la función pública de las liturgias en época de los Pisistrátidas (en Atenas) y su desarrollo en los primeros decenios del siglo V a. C.,​ trierarcas eran los ciudadanos adultos (en Atenas los de la primera clase censitaria, los pentacosiomedimnos) y metecos ricos a quienes anualmente designaban los magistrados (en Atenas competía a los generales) para costear, equipar y capitanear un trirreme. La flota ateniense, en Época Arcaica, estaba compuesta por barcos en propiedad de ciudadanos particulares y que estos aportaban a la guerra tras haberlos adaptado para desempeñar tareas militares. Este sistema se vio drásticamente modificado con la introducción del trirreme y con la guerra contra los persas. Sin embargo, la marina ateniense no perdió por completo esta característica privada en la época clásica: cuando el gobierno de Temístocles asumió la construcción de una flota de 200 trirremes, se vio la imposibilidad de financiar completamente el sistema naval con fondos públicos.​ Esto no es de extrañar: el mantenimiento de tantos barcos, y sobre todo de tantos tripulantes (unos 200 por nave) era una carga muy pesada que la polis no podía asumir en su totalidad. Además, para administrar y controlar una flota de tan grandes dimensiones haría falta una considerable burocracia, lo cual encarecería aún más el mantenimiento. (es)
  • Trierarch (Greek: τριήραρχος, romanized: triērarchos) was the title of officers who commanded a trireme (triēres) in the classical Greek world. In Classical Athens, the title was associated with the trierarchy (τριηραρχία, triērarchia), one of the public offices or liturgies, which were filled by wealthy citizens for a year. As the name implies, the trierarch was responsible for the outfitting and crewing of a trireme, and for commanding it in battle. Trierarchs thus had to be men of considerable means, since the expenses incurred could run as high as a talent in the course of a year. As the cost of the office was great, co-trierarchs (syntriērarchoi) were also appointed. By the 4th century BC, trierarchies in Athens were assumed by navy boards (symmoriai), as the financial burden of the job had become too great. (en)
  • Trierarca (em grego clássico: τριήραρχος; romaniz.: triērarchos) era o título dos oficiais que comandavam uma trirreme (triēres) na Grécia Clássica. Em algumas cidades, como Atenas, o trierarca era um cidadão que era obrigado a pagar a manutenção e armamento do navio, o que implicava ser pessoas de largas posses, pois as despesas podiam ascender a um talento por ano. No final do século IV a.C., devido aos elevados custos, era comum em Atenas um navio ter, não um, mas vários trierarcas, que partilhavam entre si as despesas do navio. O posto de trierarca estava associado ao conceito de trierarquia (τριηραρχία; triêrarkhía), que basicamente consistia na convocação dum cidadão para tomar a seu cargo o comando e todas as depesas duma trirreme, incluindo a sua tripulação, tendo-o em condições de combater, durante um período de tempo pré-estabelecido, normalmente um ano. A trierarquia cujo funcionamento se conhece melhor é a de Atenas do século IV a.C., que possivelmente foi instituída pela lei naval de Temístocles de 483−482 a.C. (pt)
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